/*
Theme Name: Marity Child
Theme URI: https://marity.qodeinteractive.com
Description: A child theme of Marity
Author: Select Themes
Author URI: https://qodeinteractive.com
Version: 3.47
Text Domain: marity
Template: marity
*/
  @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Prata&display=swap');

  html body {
      color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
  }

  html {
      margin: 0 !important;
  }

  body.login #login h1 a {
      background-image: url('https://images.globaljournals.org/Ellipse-1073.png');
      background-size: contain;
      background-position: center center;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      width: 220px;
      height: 80px;
      text-indent: -9999px;
      margin: 0 auto 20px;
  }

  .prata-regular,
  .prata-regular h2,
  .prata-regular h3,
  .prata-regular h4,
  .prata-regular p {
      font-family: "Prata", serif !important;
  }

  /* New-header-css */
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2),
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul,
  [data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li {
      position: static !important;
  }

  #quadmenu.quadmenu-custom_theme_1 .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button).quadmenu-has-link:hover,
  #quadmenu.quadmenu-custom_theme_1 .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button).quadmenu-has-link.open {
      background-color: #ffffff26 !important;
      border-radius: 5px;
  }

  .wp-singular header[data-elementor-id="142047"],
  .wp-singular header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div:nth-child(1) {
      width: 100%;
      display: flex !important;
      flex-direction: row !important;
      padding: 0 70px;
  }

  .h-logo-slider {
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .gj-header-new>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>a>span,
  .stickey-header>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>a>span {
      font-size: 15px;
  }

  header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div>div:first-child>div:first-child a {
      position: absolute !important;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
  }

  header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div>div:first-child>div:first-child div,
  header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div>div:first-child>div:first-child,
  header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div>div:first-child>div:first-child ul,
  header[data-elementor-id="142047"]>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div>div:first-child>div:first-child li {
      position: static !important;
      height: 100% !important;
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  header .elementor-icon-list-icon svg {
      width: 14px;
      height: 14px;
  }

  header[data-elementor-type="header"] .navbar-offcanvas>ul>li>div>ul li {
      padding: 5px !important;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee1f !important;
  }

  header #quadmenu .widget ul li,
  .qodef-glossy--no.pr-header-main {
      display: flex !important;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 4px !important;
  }

  .gj-header-new>div:nth-child(2)>div>div>nav>div>div>ul>li .quadmenu-dropdown-toggle {
      position: relative !important;
      z-index: 1 !important;
  }

  .gj-header-new {
      background-color: #0e202a4d !important;
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px) !important;
      background-color: #0e202a4d !important;
      transition: transform .5s ease, top .5s ease !important;
      z-index: 100 !important;
      position: absolute !important;
      top: 0 !important;
      right: 0 !important;
  }

  /* .admin-bar .gj-header-new {
    top: 30px !important;
} */

  body>header:nth-child(3) {
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      right: 0;
  }

  #quadmenu.quadmenu-custom_theme_1 {
      background-color: transparent !important;
  }

  .stickey-header {
      position: fixed !important;
      top: 0;
      left: 0;
      width: 100% !important;
      z-index: 999 !important;
      transform: translateY(-100%);
      opacity: 0;
      visibility: hidden;
      pointer-events: none;
      transition: transform 0.35s ease, opacity 0.35s ease;
      will-change: transform;
      display: flex !important;
  }

  /* .admin-bar .stickey-header {
    top: 30px !important;
} */

  html body .stickey-header.is-visible {
      transform: translateY(0) !important;
      opacity: 1 !important;
      visibility: visible;
      pointer-events: auto;
      background-color: #0e202a4d !important;
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px) !important;
      display: flex !important;
  }

  .stickey-header.is-visible {
      display: block;
  }

  /* ------- */
  .mobile-header {
      display: none;
  }

  .mobile-header #gjMenuSidebar .quadmenu-dropdown-menu a.elementor-button {
      padding: 2px 10px !important;
      width: fit-content !important;
      font-size: 12px !important;
      background-color: #000 !important;
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  /* New-header-css END*/
  /* custom-theme css start-------------------------------------- */
  .tax-volume .gjas-slider-wrapper .gjas-section-header {
      padding: 0;
  }

  .board-inner-hero-sec .breadcrumbs a {
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  .footer-icon-col {
      width: fit-content !important;
  }

  #footer-app-icon svg {
      height: fit-content !important;
  }

  .blue-bg-half-circle-ani img {
      border-radius: 50% !important;
      padding: 0 !important;
      margin: 0;
  }

  .article-code-wrapper p {
      font-weight: 600;
      margin: 0;
  }

  .article-code-wrapper p {
      color: #fff !important;
      opacity: 1;
      font-weight: 600;
      margin: 0;
  }

  .article-img-sec .elementor-widget-container {
      position: relative !important;
  }

  .article-img-sec .elementor-widget-container::before {
      ackdrop-filter: blur(21px);
      background-color: #eeeeee0d;
      border: 1px solid #5e5e5e;
      padding: 4%;
      border-radius: 10px;
      width: fit-content;
      height: fit-content;
      align-items: center;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      color: #fff;
      gap: 0;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child ul li>.elementor-icon-list-text {
      padding: 0;
  }

  .article-trasnlate-btn .select2-selection--single {
      display: flex !important;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child ul li>.elementor-icon-list-icon {
      display: none;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child .elementor-icon-box-title {
      margin: 0;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child {
      display: flex;
      align-items: start;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child {
      backdrop-filter: blur(21px);
      background-color: #eeeeee0d;
      border: 1px solid #5e5e5e;
      padding: 2% 4%;
      border-radius: 10px;
      width: fit-content;
      height: fit-content;
      align-items: start;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      color: #fff;
      gap: 4px;
  }

  .article-page-left-sec>div:last-child .elementor-icon-box-content {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 10px;
      color: #fff;
  }

  #article-pg-tab>div>div>div {
      margin: 40px 0px;
      border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
  }

  .read-letter-article button {
      background-color: #000;
      color: #fff;
  }

  .read-letter-article button {
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  .sad-quick-submit-wrapper {
      max-width: 100% !important;
      margin: 0 !important;
      padding: 0 1rem;
  }

  /* body.page-journals main>div>div>div>section:first-child {
      margin-top: 8% !important;
  } */

  .qodef-tabs .ui-tabs-tab .qodef-tabs-anchor-count {
      margin-right: 5px;
  }

  .tax-journal_issue.archive [data-id="0bcc7b3"] {
      padding: 20px !important;
  }

  .h-banner-video {
      min-height: 80vh;
  }

  #article-pg-tab>div>div>div:nth-child(3) p {
      padding: 10px;
      background-color: #f0f8fd;
      position: relative;
  }

  #article-pg-tab>div>div>div:nth-child(3) p::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      left: 0;
      width: 5%;
      height: 100%;
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
      z-index: 0;
      background: linear-gradient(163deg, rgba(204, 233, 243, 1) 0%, rgba(225, 208, 208, 1) 100%);
      opacity: 0.3;
  }


  #article-pg-tab>div>div>div:nth-child(3) p:hover::before {
      width: 10%;
  }

  body.archive.page-journals>div:nth-child(5)>section:first-child,
  body.page>main>div>div>div>section {
      margin-top: 7% !important;
  }

  .issue-pg-img-title-sec>div>div>div>section>div>div:first-child>div {
      padding-top: 10% !important;
  }

  .issue-pg-img-title-sec {
      display: block !important;
      padding: 0 70px !important;
  }

  .elementor-column.elementor-col-50.elementor-top-column.elementor-element.volume-journal-image {
      min-height: 700px;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-size: cover;
  }

  .qodef-section-title p,
  .qodef-section-title h2 {
      padding-left: 0 !important;
  }

  .issue-pg-tittle-sec {
      padding: 5% 70px 0px 70px !important;
      display: block !important;
  }

  .volume-banner>div>div {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
  }

  .volume-banner .elementor-shortcode>div>div {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      gap: 10px;
  }

  .hardbound-nexforms-hidden {
      position: absolute;
      left: -9999px;
      top: auto;
      width: 1px;
      height: 1px;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .hardbound-nexforms-hidden button,
  .hardbound-nexforms-hidden a,
  .hardbound-nexforms-hidden input[type="button"],
  .hardbound-nexforms-hidden input[type="submit"] {
      opacity: 0 !important;
      pointer-events: none !important;
  }


  .issue-downalod-sec>div a {
      position: absolute !important;
      width: 100% !important;
      height: 100% !important;
      right: 30px;
      bottom: 30px;
      display: flex !important;
      align-items: end !important;
      justify-content: end;
  }

  .issue-downalod-sec>div {
      position: relative !important;
  }

  .issue-downalod-sec>div div {
      position: static !important;
  }

  .home-page-banner-sec {
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
      min-height: 500px;
  }

  .home-page-banner-sec iframe {
      position: absolute;
      top: 50%;
      left: 50%;
      width: 100% !important;
      height: 80vh !important;
      min-width: 100% !important;
      min-height: 100% !important;
      transform: translate(-50%, -50%) !important;
      pointer-events: none !important;
  }

  html body .home-page-banner-sec {
      max-height: 80vh;
      overflow: hidden !important;
  }

  .home-page-banner-sec>div:nth-child(1) {
      height: 100%;
      overflow: hidden !important;
  }

  .h-banner-text-sec {
      position: absolute !important;
      left: 50%;
      transform: translate(-50%);
      top: 40%;
  }

  .issue-page-cvr-img-wraper>div::before {
      content: "";
      height: 300px;
      width: 100% !important;
      position: absolute !important;
      background-color: #FFFFFF21;
      border: 1px solid #ffffff45;
      border-radius: 20px;
      backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
      max-width: 450px;
      left: 50%;
      transform: translate(-50%);
      top: -32%;
  }

  .issue-page-cvr-img-wraper>div {
      position: static;
  }

  .issue-page-cvr-img-wraper>div img {
      z-index: 1;
      position: relative;
  }




  .small-no-bg-btn span {
      font-size: 14px !important;
  }

  .small-no-bg-btn svg {
      width: 10px !important;
  }

  .essential-information-sec .qodef-tabs-content-inner>div>div {
      margin: 0;
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  .essential-information-sec .qodef-tabs-content {
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .gj-rss-swiper .qodef-navigation-holder>div {
      transform: translate(0);
  }

  .gj-rss-swiper .qodef-navigation-holder {
      display: flex;
  }

  .h-whitebtn span {
      color: #fff;
  }

  /* #nex-forms .inner-canvas-container input.form-control {
    height: 60px !important;
    border-radius: 12px;
    background-color: transparent !important;
}

#nex-forms textarea.the_input_element {
    background-color: transparent !important;
    border-radius: 12px;
}

#nex-forms .inner-canvas-container input.form-control:focus {
    border: none !important;
} */

  body.archive>div:nth-child(5)>section:first-child,
  body.page>main>div>div>div>section {
      margin-top: 0 !important;
  }

  .contact-us-tab>div>div>div {
      border: none !important;
  }

  .contact-us-tab>div .ui-tabs-panel {
      padding: 0px !important;
  }

  .essential-information-sec .qodef-tabs-content>div>div>div:first-child {
      width: 75%;
  }

  .essential-information-sec .qodef-tabs-content br {
      display: none;
  }

  body #nex-forms .v7_container {
      background-color: transparent !important;
  }

  #nex-forms .v7_container .nex-submit {
      background-color: transparent !important;
      color: #111427 !important;
      height: 45px !important;
      max-height: 100%;
      border-radius: 8px !important;
  }

  .no-bg-btns span {
      font-size: 20px;
      text-transform: capitalize;
  }

  .essential-information-sec>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div {
      display: flex;
      gap: 0 !important;
      margin: 20px 15px 0 0 !important;
  }

  .no-bg-btns svg {
      width: 14px !important;
      stroke: currentColor;
      fill: none;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div ul li a {
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  #quadmenu .widget ul li,
  .qodef-glossy--no.pr-header-main {
      display: flex !important;
  }

  .testimonials-sec .qodef-e-author {
      text-transform: capitalize;
  }

  .select2-results__option {
      padding: 20px 10px;
      background-color: #fff !important;
      color: #333;
  }

  .select2-results__option:hover {
      background-color: #f0f8fd !important;
  }

  .tax-volume .scholarly-articles-grid .scholarly-article-content .scholarly-article-excerpt {
      color: #0e202a !important;
  }

  .page-sign-up #qodef-page-inner,
  .restore-password #qodef-page-inner,
  .page-log-in #qodef-page-inner {
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .page-sign-up .qodef-title--breadcrumbs,
  .page-sign-up [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .page-sign-up #qodef-page-footer,
  .page-log-in [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .page-log-in [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .restore-password [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .restore-password #qodef-page-footer,
  .restore-password .qodef-title--breadcrumbs,
  .jrnls-topic-sec>div>div:nth-child(4) h5,
  .term-management .breadcrumbs,
  .term-engineering .breadcrumbs,
  .term-medical-research .breadcrumbs,
  .term-science-frontier-research .breadcrumbs,
  .term-human-social-science .breadcrumbs,
  .term-computer-science .breadcrumbs,
  .author-dashboard [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .author-dashboard #qodef-page-footer,
  .edit-profile [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .edit-profile #qodef-page-footer,
  .edit-submission [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .edit-submission #qodef-page-footer,
  .author-dashboard-2 [data-elementor-type="header"],
  .author-dashboard-2 #qodef-page-footer {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .jrnls-topic-sec>div>div:nth-child(4) p em {
      font-style: inherit;
  }

  .tax-journal .info-box-bg-box img {
      max-width: 90px !important;
  }

  .ethics-policy-pg->div>div>div>div>div .qodef-process-info-tabs-content-bottom {
      margin-top: 0 !important;
  }

  body .ethics-policy-pg->div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div,
  body .ethics-policy-pg->div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div,
  body .ethics-policy-pg->div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div a {
      height: 360px !important;
      max-height: 360px !important;
      min-height: 360px !important;
  }

  .code-of-conduct-for-journal-publishers #code-of-cndct-editorial-sec a,
  #qodef-page-header[data-id="6cba52a"] {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .qodef-glossy--no.pr-header-main>div:first-child>div,
  .qodef-glossy--no.pr-header-main>div:first-child>div a {
      width: 100%;
  }

  /* .article-issue-sec>div>div>div>div>div>a:nth-child(1):hover,
  .article-issue-sec>div>div>div>div>div>a:nth-child(2):hover {
      background-color: #000;
      color: #fff;
      transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
  } */

  /* .article-issue-sec>div>div>div>div>div>a:nth-child(3) {
      border: 1px solid !important;
      transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
  } */

  .qodef-glossy--no.pr-header-main>div:last-child nav {
      background-color: transparent !important;
      padding-right: 70px;
  }

  [data-breakpoint="768"] .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div .elementor-icon-list-item span {
      font-size: 13px;
  }

  [data-breakpoint="768"] .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div {
      padding-top: 0 !important;
  }

  [data-breakpoint="768"] .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div .elementor-tab-title {
      padding: 5px 0;
  }

  [data-breakpoint="768"] .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div .elementor-tab-content {
      padding-top: 0 !important;
      padding-left: 0 !important;
  }

  [data-breakpoint="768"] .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div .elementor-tab-title:hover {
      background-color: #3333331f;
  }

  .widget ol:not(.qodef-shortcode-list):not(.select2-selection__rendered) li:last-child,
  .widget ul:not(.qodef-shortcode-list):not(.select2-selection__rendered) li:last-child {
      margin-bottom: 0 !important;
  }

  .article-card-content h3 a:focus,
  .article-card-content .view-more-btn:focus {
      color: #fff;
  }

  .pink-box-efct>div:hover,
  .table-hvr-effect>div>div:hover,
  .ethics-policy-pg->div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div:hover {
      background: #B3C1C6;
      background: linear-gradient(163deg, rgba(179, 193, 198, 1) 0%, rgba(225, 208, 208, 1) 100%);
      color: #fff;
  }


  .pink-box-efct>div:hover span,
  .pink-box-efct>div:hover h3 {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  .ethics-policy-pg>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div>div:hover span {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  .single.single-post.qodef-content-grid-1400 .qodef-content-grid {
      max-width: 1800px;
      margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .manuscript-tracking #order_scan_form #scan_order {
      max-height: 60px;
      background-color: rgb(14, 32, 42);
      border: 1px solid rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
  }

  .manuscript-tracking #order_scan_form #scan_order:hover {
      background-color: transparent;
      border: 1px solid rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
      color: rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
  }

  .iump-form-line-register span {
      font-size: 13px;
  }

  .ihc-no-avatar.ihc-member-photo {
      max-width: 60px;
      max-height: 60px;
  }

  .user-registration .select2-selection--single {
      border-radius: 9px !important;
  }

  .user-registration .ihc-public-trial-version {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .user-registration #createuser {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .user-registration #createuser>div {
      width: 50%;
      margin: 0;
  }

  body.user-registration .ihc-register-9 .iump-form-line-register input {
      border-radius: 9px !important;
  }

  body.user-registration .iump-submit-form input {
      height: 55px !important;
      align-items: center;
      border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0) !important;
      width: fit-content;
      background-image: none !important;
      background-color: rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
      border-radius: 9px !important;
  }

  body.user-registration .iump-submit-form input:hover {
      color: rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
      border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0) !important;
      background-image: none !important;
      width: fit-content !important;
      background-color: transparent !important;
  }

  .gj-rss-slider p {
      margin: 0 !important;
  }

  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137716,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137966,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137961,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137938,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137929,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137845,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137904,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137845,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137957,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137815,
  .admin-bar #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_page #wp-admin-bar-elementor_edit_doc_137943 {
      display: none !important;
  }


  .user-registration #createuser .iump-form-user_login,
  .user-registration #createuser .iump-form-multi_select,
  .user-registration #createuser .iump-form-ihc_avatar,
  .user-registration #createuser .iump-form-tos,
  .user-registration #createuser .iump-form-user_login {
      width: 100%;
  }

  .iump-labels-register {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .speech-word.highlight {
      background-color: #1769ff14 !important;
  }

  body.login #login {
      padding-top: 40px;
  }

  #feed-box-slider .owl-item,
  #conf-box-slider .owl-item {
      min-height: 267px !important;
  }

  #nex-forms .modern.extra_padding {
      width: fit-content !important;
  }

  .page-template-page-lost-password .lost-password-container {
      max-width: 800px;
      margin: 0 auto;
      padding: 0px 20px !important;
      height: 50vh;
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      align-content: center;
  }

  .lost-password-form input[type="submit"]:hover {
      border: 1px solid #0e202a !important;
  }

  .lost-password-errors {
      height: auto;
      position: absolute;
      z-index: 4444;
      display: flex;
      align-items: end;
      top: 80px;
  }

  .lost-password-form input[type="submit"]:hover {
      color: #0e202a !important;
  }

  .nex-forms.quick_submit_paper .grid_replicate {
      display: block;
      position: absolute;
      left: -19px;
      top: 50%;
  }

  #instant-search-input {
      border: 1px solid #ffffff45 !important;
      margin: 0 !important;
      border-radius: 30px;
  }

  #qodef-page-comments {
      display: none !important;
  }

  #feed-box-slider .owl-item,
  #conf-box-slider .owl-item {
      height: 100%;
      min-height: 240px;
  }

  .qodef-m-item.qodef-e {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .h-hover-img-sec .qodef-m-item.qodef-e span {
      width: 100%;
      order: 0;
  }

  .h-hover-img-sec .qodef-m-item.qodef-e span:first-child {
      order: 1;
      margin: 10px 0 0 0 !important;
  }

  .is-loader-image {
      width: 70px !important;
      height: 70px !important;
      top: 63% !important;
  }

  .submit-nex-form .nf_select-selection__choice__remove {
      padding: 0 !important;
      font-size: 16px !important;
  }

  .dash-login-page .elementor-register,
  .dash-login-page .elementor-lost-password {
      color: #1769ff;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      font-weight: 500 !important;
  }

  .dash-login-page .elementor-register:hover {
      color: #0e202a;
  }

  .dash-login-page .elementor-login-separator {
      padding: 0px 5px;
  }

  #quadmenu.quadmenu-is-horizontal.quadmenu-dropdown-shadow-show .quadmenu-navbar-nav li.quadmenu-item>.quadmenu-dropdown-menu {
      box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.38) !important;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div ul li:hover {
      background-color: #0000000a !important;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div ul li {
      margin-bottom: 0px !important;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div ul li .elementor-icon-list-text {
      font-size: 13px !important;
      padding: 13px 0px !important;
      line-height: 16px;
      font-family: Open Sans !important;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div:first-child {
      filter: grayscale(90%) sepia(58%) hue-rotate(183deg) saturate(127.9%) brightness(107%) contrast(82%);
      transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
      height: 89px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: start;
      padding: 0 10px;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div:hover>div {
      filter: grayscale(0);
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }

  .new-mega-menu>div>div>div li {
      margin-bottom: 6px !important;
  }

  .btn-mega-menu a {
      background-color: #0e202a !important;
      color: #fff !important;
      padding: 2px 10px !important;
      border-radius: 4px !important;
      transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
      border: 1px solid #0e202a !important;
  }

  .btn-mega-menu a:hover {
      background-color: transparent !important;
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  /* --------------------New header-css */
  .pr-header-main .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li .elementor-icon-list-items li {
      display: flex !important;
      color: #0e202a;
  }

  .pr-header-main .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li .elementor-icon-list-item,
  .pr-header-main #quadmenu .quadmenu-navbar-nav .widget ul li {
      display: flex !important;
  }

  /* .pr-header-main .quadmenu-navbar-nav > li > div > ul > li > div > ul > li > div > div > div > div > div:hover {
	box-shadow: 0px 0px 9px 1px #eeeeeec4;
	transform: translateY(-2px);
	transform: matrix3d( 1.05, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ) !important;
	z-index: 1;
} */

  .pr-header-main .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul>li>div>div>div>div>div {
      transition: all 0.5s ease !important;
      box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0px #c4c4c440;
  }

  /* .pr-header-main #quadmenu.quadmenu-is-horizontal .quadmenu-navbar-nav > li > div{
    transform: matrix3d( 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0.001, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, -257, 1, 1 ) !important;
}

html body .pr-header-main #quadmenu.quadmenu-is-horizontal .quadmenu-navbar-nav > li.open > div{
    transform: matrix3d( 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ) !important;
} */

  .pr-header-main .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li>div>ul>li>div>ul {
      padding-top: 0 !important;
  }

  .navbar-offcanvas.collapse {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .navbar-offcanvas.collapse.in {
      display: block !important;
      position: absolute !important;
      background-color: #000 !important;
      top: 90% !important;
  }

  /* --------------------New header-css END*/
  .nex-submit {
      display: flex !important;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  .career-pg-table>div>div {
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .career-pg-table>div>div>div {
      padding: 30px 20px;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  html body.quick-submit-paper .nex-submit.svg_ready.the_input_element.btn.btn-default.col-sm-12.style_bold {
      font-size: 15px !important;
      font-weight: 400 !important;
      display: flex !important;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .page-reviewers-board .ui-tabs .qodef-tabs-content>div>div>div>div {
      margin: 0;
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 100%;
  }

  .h-blog-sec .qodef-m-more-button,
  .is-form-style input.is-search-submit

  /* .page-peer-review-policy .qodef-title--breadcrumbs,
.page-peer-review-policy #qodef-single-post-navigation,
.page-peer-review-policy .qodef-e-bottom-holder  */
      {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .peer-review-policy #qodef-page-inner {
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .page-reviewers-board .ui-tabs .qodef-tabs-content>div>div>div>div h4 {
      font-size: 20px !important;
  }

  form[name="nex_form"] .reset-button div>div>div>div {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: end;
  }

  #code-of-cndct-editorial-sec a {
      pointer-events: none;
      cursor: default;
      text-decoration: none;
  }

  form[name="nex_form"] button,
  form[name="nex_form"] [type="reset"][value="Reset"] {
      border-radius: 10px !important;
      box-shadow: none;
      border: 1px solid #0e202a !important;
      padding: 5px 30px !important;
      max-height: 38px;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      line-height: 26px !important;
      background-color: #000 !important;
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  form[name="nex_form"] button:hover,
  form[name="nex_form"] [type="reset"][value="Reset"]:hover {
      background-color: #fff !important;
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  .page-reviewers-board .ui-tabs .qodef-tabs-content>div>div>div>div .qodef-grid>.qodef-grid-inner {
      --qode-columns: 4;
  }

  /* -----------Start */
  .our-website-sec h3 {
      min-height: 54px;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  body:not(.research-ethics-and-policies) #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child h1 {
      display: inline-block;
      line-height: 1.1;
      min-height: 1em;
  }

  /* holder + blinking caret */
  body:not(.research-ethics-and-policies) #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child h1 .rotate {
      display: inline-block;
      position: relative;
  }

  body:not(.research-ethics-and-policies) #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child h1 .rotate::after {
      content: "";
      display: inline-block;
      width: 2px;
      height: 1em;
      margin-left: 4px;
      background: currentColor;
      animation: caretBlink .9s steps(1, end) infinite;
      vertical-align: -2px;
      /* caret baseline alignment */
  }

  @keyframes caretBlink {
      50% {
          opacity: 0;
      }
  }

  /* ------------END */

  #our-work-sec>div:nth-child(2)>div::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      background-color: #fff;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      z-index: -1;
      transition: all 0.8s ease;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  #our-work-sec>div:nth-child(2)>div:hover::before {
      transform: matrix3d(1, 0, 0, -0.002, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1);
      height: 50px;
      width: 50px;
  }

  #our-work-sec>div:nth-child(2)>div {
      position: relative;
  }

  #our-work-sec>div:last-child {
      z-index: -1;
  }

  .volums-in-volums-pg {
      display: flex !important;
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  html body #issn_no {
      backdrop-filter: none !important;
      background-color: none !important;
  }

  #issn_no>div>div {
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px) !important;
      background-color: #fffFFF12 !important;
  }

  .issue-top-article-sec [data-widget_type="spacer.default"],
  .research-ethics-and-policies #qodef-single-post-navigation {
      margin: 0 !important;
  }

  /* Exclude research-ethics-and-policies body */
  body:not(.research-ethics-and-policies) #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child,
  body.fellowassociate-template-default:not(.research-ethics-and-policies) #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer [data-elementor-type="single-post"]>section:first-child {
      padding: 10% 2% 5% 2% !important;
  }

  body.home #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child,
  .research-ethics-and-policies #qodef-page-inner .qodef-e-content {
      padding: 0 !important;
      margin: 0 auto !important;
  }

  body.home #qodef-page-wrapper>#qodef-page-outer>#qodef-page-inner [role="main"]#qodef-page-content>div.qodef-grid-inner [data-elementor-post-type="page"]>section:first-child .revslider-initialised.rev_redraw_on_blurfocus {
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  .issue-top-sec-btns>div>div {
      width: 100% !important;
      max-width: 100% !important;
  }

  .page-log-in #qodef-page-outer>div:last-child,
  .page-user-registration #qodef-page-outer>div:last-child,
  .research-ethics-and-policies #qodef-page-inner {
      padding: 0 !important;
  }

  .qodef-magnifier-glass .qodef-m-stage-top-content .qodef-e-text {
      max-width: 830px;
  }

  .page-log-in #qodef-page-outer>div:first-child,
  .page-user-registration #qodef-page-outer>div:first-child,
  .research-ethics-and-policies #qodef-author-info,
  .research-ethics-and-policies .qodef-e-bottom-holder,
  .research-ethics-and-policies .qodef-e-inner>div:nth-child(2)>div:nth-child(2)>h1,
  .research-ethics-and-policies .qodef-e-inner>div:nth-child(2)>div:nth-child(2)>.qodef-e-about-info {
      display: none;
  }

  body #qodef-page-outer .gj-custom-login-submit-btn[type="submit"] {
      height: 55px !important;
      align-items: center;
      border: 1px solid #000 !important;
      width: fit-content !important;
  }

  body #qodef-page-outer .gj-custom-login-submit-btn[type="submit"]:hover {
      border: 1px solid #000 !important;
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  .journals-ar-ltst-research-sec .issue-list>div img {
      max-width: 42px;
      box-shadow: -2px 1px 0px 1px #000;
      margin-right: 10px;
  }

  .issue-card .issue-content>a {
      font-weight: 400;
  }

  .org-slider-sec .swiper-wrapper>div>div {
      background-color: #26363f !important;
      color: #fff;
      border: none !important;
  }

  .org-slider-sec .swiper-wrapper>div>div h5 {
      color: #fff;
  }

  .org-slider-sec .swiper-wrapper>div>div .qodef-e-text {
      border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
  }

  .journals-ar-ltst-research-sec>div>div:nth-child(2) img {
      max-width: 300px !important;
  }

  .journals-ar-ltst-research-sec>div>div:nth-child(2)>div>div {
      position: absolute;
      top: 22%;
      right: 29%;
      width: fit-content;
  }

  .journals-ar-ltst-research-sec>div>div:nth-child(2) {
      position: relative;
  }

  #qodef-page-inner {
      padding-bottom: 0;
  }

  .article-doi {
      color: #fff;
  }

  .tax-journal .issue-list .issue-card {
      width: 100%;
      display: flex;
      padding: 13px 18px;
      align-items: center;
      background-color: #cee8ff !important;
      justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .issue-list .issue-card .issue-icon {
      margin: 0;
  }

  .qodef-grid-inner:hover .qodef-button-arrow-big svg {
      width: 20px;
      transform: translateY(-11px);
  }

  .qodef-grid-inner .qodef-button-arrow-big svg {
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
      border-radius: 15px;
      transition: all 0.8s ease;
      height: 100%;
      background-color: #FFF;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div:hover {
      transform: matrix3d(1, 1, 1, 1, 1);
      transform: matrix3d(1, 0, 0.01, 0, 0, 1, 0, -0.0001, 1, 0, 1, -0.03, 0, -4, 2, 1);
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      top: -50%;
      left: -50%;
      width: 200%;
      height: 200%;
      background: linear-gradient(0deg, transparent, transparent 30%, #0b0a0a14);
      transform: rotate(-45deg);
      transition: all 0.8s ease;
      opacity: 0;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div a:hover {
      transform: scale(1.05);
      box-shadow: 0 0 20px #f3d3d3;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div:hover::before {
      opacity: 1;
      transform: rotate(-45deg) translateY(100%);
  }


  .scholarly-article-excerpt {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  .journal-issue-content {
      -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      border-radius: 10px;
      background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .0705882353) !important;
      border-radius: 20px;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  /* .journal-issue-content a,
.journal-issue-content p,
.journal-issue-content span {
    color: #fff;
} */

  .issue-image img {
      max-height: 200px;
      width: 100% !important;
      object-fit: cover;
  }

  #issue-list-container>div>div {
      width: 100%;
  }

  /* .journal-issue-content a:hover,
.journal-issue-content p:hover {
    color: #eee;
} */

  .volums-in-volums-pg>div {
      padding: 5%;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-position: center;
  }

  .volums-in-volums-pg h1 {
      color: #fff;
  }

  .tax-journal_issue .issue-hardbound-btn section>div>div button {
      padding: 21px 32px !important;
      font-size: 15px !important;
  }

  .jouranl-issue-single>div>div:last-child img {
      max-width: 120px;
  }

  .tax-journal .load-more-container.load-more-volumes a {
      display: none;
  }

  .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec p a {
      color: #46849E;
  }

  .scholarly-article-item {
      color: #ffffffa3 !important;
  }

  .journal-btn-wrapper {
      padding: 40px 0px !important;
      margin-bottom: 40px !important;
  }

  .issue-top-article-sec {
      padding: 0px !important;
  }

  .issue-top-article-sec>div .elementor-shortcode #issue-list-container {
      margin-bottom: 60px;
  }

  #journal-pg-what-we-do-sec.about-what-we-do-sec>div>div:last-child .swiper-wrapper>div {
      width: calc(33.3% - 10px) !important;
  }

  .issue-hardbound-btn section>div>div {
      text-align: center;
  }

  #nexForms_popup_54 .modal-content .form_type_normal {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
  }

  #nexForms_popup_54 {
      top: 50% !important;
      transform: translateY(-50%) !important;
  }

  #nexForms_popup_54 form {
      transition: min-height 0.6s ease 0.25s !important;
      position: relative;
      padding: 40px;
  }

  body .issue-hardbound-btn section>div>div button {
      font-family: inherit;
      font-size: 16px !important;
      font-weight: 500 !important;
      border-radius: 4px !important;
      transition: color .25s ease-in-out, background-color .25s ease-in-out, border-color .25s ease-in-out !important;
      background-color: transparent !important;
      border: 1px solid #000 !important;
      color: #000 !important;
      padding: 18px 20px !important;
  }

  body .issue-hardbound-btn section>div>div button:hover {
      background-color: #000 !important;
  }

  .elementor .elementor-background-overlay {
      position: absolute !important;
  }

  .about-counter-sec .qodef-m-title {
      font-size: 16px;
      text-align: start !important;
      font-weight: 300;
  }

  .about-counter-sec .qodef-m-digit {
      font-family: "Prata", sans-serif !important;
  }

  .about-enabling-sec {
      max-height: 100% !important;
  }

  .out-impact-sec-about>div {
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .0705882353);
      transition: all 0.5s ease;
      border-radius: 30px;
      padding: 40px;
      box-shadow: 0px 0px 9px 3px #0000000f;
      border: 1px solid #ffffff1a;
  }

  .about-video-sec .elementor-video {
      height: 100% !important;
      max-height: 480px;
  }

  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec {
      max-width: 1400px;
  }

  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(1),
  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(2),
  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(3),
  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(1),
  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(2),
  .about-enabling-sec .about-enabling-sec>div:nth-child(4) {
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .0705882353);
      transition: all 0.5s ease;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .qodef-m-button {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .qodef-process-info-tabs-item {
      min-height: 154px !important;
      padding: 0px 30px 30px 30px !important;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .elementor-column-gap-no>div {
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .qodef-process-info-tabs-item:hover {
      transform: matrix3d(1, 0, 0.2, 0, 0.01, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, -4, 0, 1);
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .elementor-column-gap-no {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .swiper-wrapper>div {
      margin: 5px !important;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .qodef-shortcode h2,
  .about-what-we-do-sec .qodef-shortcode>.qodef-m-text {
      text-align: center;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec .swiper-wrapper {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      transform: none !important;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  .submit-nex-form h3 {
      font-size: 21px;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec>div>div:first-child>div {
      padding: 0px 0px 50px 0px !important;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  .about-what-we-do-sec>div>div:first-child>div>div {
      max-width: 60%;
  }

  .particles-section {
      position: relative;
      background-color: #fff;
      overflow: hidden;
      z-index: 1;
  }

  .particles-section .content-wrapper {
      position: relative;
      z-index: 2;
      padding: 0px;
      text-align: center;
  }

  #our-work-sec>div:nth-child(2)>div p {
      text-align: start;
  }

  #our-work-sec {
      position: relative;
      z-index: 2;
      padding: 5%;
      text-align: center;
  }

  #particles-js {
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      left: 0;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      z-index: 0;
  }

  .particles-section>div>div:last-child,
  #our-work-sec>div:last-child {
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
  }

  .about-us .elementor-custom-embed-play svg:hover {
      filter: drop-shadow(1px 0 6px rgb(0, 0, 0)) !important;
  }

  .journal-pg-metrices-btn a {
      padding: 17px 59px !important;
      border-radius: 8px !important;
      overflow: hidden !important;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      font-size: 13px !important;
      color: #fff !important;
      background-color: #0e202a !important;
      font-weight: 400;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .article-accordion .ui-accordion-content {
      padding: 0;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg>div ul li {
      padding: 0px 9px !important;
  }

  .journal-pg-metrices-btn a:hover {
      color: #000 !important;
      background-color: transparent !important;
  }

  .tab-sdbar-li ul>li.active a {
      background-color: transparent !important;
      transform: scaleY(1.1);
  }

  .author-guidline-pg>div:last-child .site-btn {
      border: 1px solid;
      padding: 5px 10px;
      border-radius: 5px;
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
      font-size: 12px;
      margin: 0px 5px;
      display: inline-block;
      line-height: 18px;
      word-wrap: normal;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg>div:last-child b {
      color: #000;
      font-weight: 500;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul {
      list-style: none;
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li {
      margin: 5px;
      padding: 0px 16px;
      border-radius: 20px;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li {
      margin: 5px;
      padding: 0px 16px;
      border-radius: 20px;
      color: #000;
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:hover {
      transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.3, 1.1, 1, -6);
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:nth-child(5n+1) {
      background-color: #9076991c;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:nth-child(5n+2) {
      background-color: #c39a8d33;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:nth-child(5n+3) {
      background-color: #b4b5964f;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:nth-child(5n+4) {
      background-color: #bec3d561;
  }

  .author-guidline-style-li ul li:nth-child(5n+5) {
      background-color: #a8cedb75;
  }

  /* body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no  */
  body header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no {
      position: absolute !important;
      top: 0;
      background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.37) !important;
      box-shadow: 1px -5px 50px -3px #6f6f6f80;
      height: 80px !important;
  }

  body #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button)>a>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no [alt="Global Journals Organisation"] {
      opacity: 1;
  }

  .about-video-sec {
      object-fit: cover;
      height: 100%;
  }

  .about-video-sec .e-hosted-video {
      max-height: 481px;
      width: 100%;
  }

  .about-video-sec img {
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: cover;
  }

  .blue-bg-half-circle-ani .elementor-widget-container,
  .multi-clr-bg-half-circle-ani .elementor-widget-container {
      width: fit-content;
      position: relative;
  }

  .multi-clr-bg-half-circle-ani .elementor-widget-container::before {
      background-image: url(https://images.globaljournals.org/Group-1000008658.png) !important;
      z-index: -1;
  }

  .multi-clr-bg-half-circle-ani {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: end;
  }


  .multi-clr-bg-half-circle-ani .elementor-widget-container::before,
  .blue-bg-half-circle-ani .elementor-widget-container::before {
      content: "";
      background-image: url(https://images.globaljournals.org/Ellipse-1073.png);
      width: calc(100% + 60px);
      height: calc(100% + 60px);
      position: absolute;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      top: -30px;
      left: -30px;
      background-size: contain;
      animation: rotateCircle 9s linear infinite;
      z-index: -1;
  }

  @keyframes rotateCircle {
      0% {
          transform: rotate(0deg);
      }

      100% {
          transform: rotate(360deg);
      }
  }

  .about-img-rectangl-effect>div {
      width: fit-content;
  }

  .about-img-rectangl-effect .inner-about-img-rectangl-effect>div {
      width: fit-content;
      background-image: url('https://images.globaljournals.org/Ellipse-1073.png');
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-size: calc(100% + -37px);
      padding-bottom: 20px;
      background-position-y: 24px;
      transition: 0.8s linear;
  }

  .about-img-rectangl-effect:hover .inner-about-img-rectangl-effect>div {
      background-size: calc(100% + -50px);
      background-position-y: 2px;
      background-position-x: 49px;
  }

  .about-img-rectangl-effect:hover .inner-about-img-rectangl-effect>div img {
      transform: matrix3d(1, 0.01, 0, -0.0003, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -5, 1, 0, 1);
  }

  .about-img-rectangl-effect .inner-about-img-rectangl-effect>div img {
      transition: 0.8s ease-in-out;
  }

  body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no [alt="logo light"] {
      opacity: 0 !important;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .li-no {
      padding: 2px 15px;
      background-color: #b1c8d0;
      margin-right: 10px;
      border-radius: 12px;
      display: inline-block;
      color: #fff;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg br {
      display: none;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .article-accordion p {
      margin: 15px 0px !important;
      word-break: break-word;
  }

  .athor-guidline-color-box li {
      margin: 11px;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg>div:last-child .site-btn:hover b {
      color: #fff;
  }

  body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no>div>nav>div>div>ul>li>a>span {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  .archive.tax-journal .elementor-location-archive>section:first-child::before {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      left: 0;
      background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(4, 4, 4, 0.67), rgba(255, 0, 0, 0));
  }

  header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no>div:first-child::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      backdrop-filter: blur(5.2px);
  }

  .author-guidline-blue-box ul {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .author-guidline-blue-box ul li {
      margin: 12px 0px;
  }

  .author-guidline-blue-box ul li {
      margin-right: 10px;
  }

  .author-guidline-blue-box ul {
      margin: 0;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg>div:last-child .site-btn:hover {
      background-color: #000;
      border-radius: 5px;
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  html .home header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no {
      background-color: #0e202a4d !important;
      transition: transform .5s ease, top .5s ease;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec button {
      padding: 0 !important;
      background-color: transparent !important;
      margin-right: 8px;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec button svg {
      width: 39px;
      height: 34px;
      box-shadow: 4px 3px 4px 1px #0000002e;
      border-radius: 9px;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec button::before {
      position: absolute;
      content: "Listen";
      background-color: #00000014;
      padding: 0px 10px;
      border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 0px;
      font-size: 0;
      top: 0px;
      left: 3px;
      box-shadow: 1px 1px 7px -2px #00000069;
      z-index: 1;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
  }

  .author-guidline-pg .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec button:hover::before {
      left: 31px !important;
      font-size: 13px !important;
      top: -26px !important;
      opacity: 1;
  }

  .artcl-read-trsnlt-sec button svg::nth-child(1):hover {
      background: #e8f0ff;
  }

  .articles-in-GJCST-volume h1 {
      padding-top: 60px !important;
  }

  .articles-in-GJCST-volume .scholarly-articles-grid {
      padding-bottom: 70px !important;
  }

  .portfolio-item-template-default #qodef-page-inner {
      padding: 15px 50px 70px 50px;
  }

  .page-template-page-login-php #qodef-page-inner [type="submit"] {
      border: 1px solid #000000 !important;
  }

  html body .pag-template-page-login-php #qodef-page-inner input[type=submit]:hover {
      color: #000000 !important;
  }

  .page-template-page-login-php #qodef-page-inner {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      margin-bottom: 80px;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div::before {
      content: "";
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      position: absolute;
      opacity: 1;
      left: 0;
      border: none;
      background-color: #0000007a !important;
      background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, #2b2a2a0f 0, #b2c1c62e 100%);
      transition: all 0.6s ease;
      border-radius: 10px;
  }

  .tax-volume .qodef--parallax-row {
      padding: 0px;
  }

  #author-dashboard #qodef-page-outer {
      margin: 0px 60px;
  }

  /* .quadmenu-navbar-nav > li > .quadmenu-dropdown-menu > ul > li {
	padding: 0px !important;
	background-color: #fff !important;
	margin: 0px 2px !important;
	width: calc(100% - 196px) !important;
} */

  .archive.tag .elementor-loop-container>div {
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
  }

  .archive.tag .elementor-loop-container>div:hover {
      transform: translateY(-5px);
      box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  }

  .archive.tag .elementor-loop-container>div:nth-child(3n+1) {
      background-color: #f0f8ff;
      border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .archive.tag .elementor-loop-container>div:nth-child(3n+2) {
      background-color: #f4f4f4;
      border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .archive.tag .elementor-loop-container>div:nth-child(3n+3) {
      background-color: #eff5f2;
      border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div {
      position: relative;
      border: 10px;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div::after {
      content: "";
      background-color: #000c !important;
      width: 0%;
      height: 100%;
      position: absolute;
      opacity: 1;
      right: 0;
      border: none;
      top: 0;
      transition: all 0.8s ease;
      border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
      z-index: 0;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div:hover h3,
  .journals-peerreview-sec>div:hover .sprocket-accordion-desc,
  .journals-peerreview-sec>div:hover a {
      z-index: 2;
      position: relative;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div h3,
  .journals-peerreview-sec>div p,
  .journals-peerreview-sec>div .sprocket-accordion-desc,
  .journals-peerreview-sec>div a {
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
      z-index: 2 !important;
      position: relative;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div {
      position: relative;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg .submsn-sec-journals-pg-links,
  .submsn-sec-journals-pg .submsn-sec-journals-pg-links a {
      position: absolute;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      z-index: 1;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      font-size: 0;
  }

  .journal-btns-wap h4 {
      width: 100%;
      text-align: center;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item {
      display: flex;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div {
      align-items: center;
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div {
      align-items: center;
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      align-content: center;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div h3,
  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div p {
      width: 100%;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div {
      width: 50%;
  }

  .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div img {
      padding-right: 20px !important;
      display: block;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg .submsn-sec-journals-pg-links,
  .submsn-sec-journals-pg-links>div>div {
      position: static;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg .submsn-sec-journals-pg-links a span {
      font-size: 0px !important;
  }

  .submsn-sec-journals-pg .e-con-inner,
  .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div>div>div>div {
      position: static !important;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div {
      position: relative;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div:hover::before {
      width: 0%;
  }

  .journals-peerreview-sec>div:hover::after {
      width: 100%;
      border-radius: 10px !important
  }

  p.qodef-header-info-text {
      display: none;
  }

  .qodef-tabs.qodef-layout--simple .qodef-tabs-content {
      margin: 54px 0 0;
  }

  /* rs-layer{
    backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
} */
  button.btn.btn-primary.articles {
      padding: 11px 22px !important;
      font-size: 11px !important;
  }

  .qodef-header--glossy #qodef-page-header {
      height: 110px;
      /*     background-color: #00000000; */
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px);
      background-color: #fffFFF12 !important;
  }

  .automated-process-sec .elementor-widget-qi_addons_for_elementor_button a {
      width: fit-content;
  }

  .automated-process-sec .elementor-widget-qi_addons_for_elementor_button>div {
      box-shadow: none !important;
  }

  .automated-process-sec {
      position: relative;
      width: 100%;
      /* Adjust the width as per your need */
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .automated-process-sec video {
      width: 70% !important;
      object-fit: cover !important;
      opacity: 0;
      height: 300px !important;
      object-position: top;
      background-color: transparent;
      pointer-events: none !important;
      margin-top: -16px;
  }

  .automated-process-sec-vd-sec>div>div {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
  }

  .automated-process-sec-vd-sec {
      height: 50px !important;
  }

  .automated-process-sec-vd-sec>div {
      overflow: visible !important;
  }

  .automated-process-sec>div {
      background-color: #fff;
  }

  .automated-process-sec:hover video {
      opacity: 1;
      background-color: transparent;
      pointer-events: none !important;
      animation: playVideo 3s forwards;
  }

  .qodef-header--glossy #qodef-page-header-inner>div {
      background-color: #00000000;
  }

  .journal-field h5 {
      margin: 0px 0px !important;
      font-size: 12px !important;
      color: #888993 !important;
  }

  .jrnal-archiv-specifications-sec .elementor-widget-container {
      font-size: 12px;
      font-weight: 400 !important;
      padding: 10px 17px 10px 15px !important;
      border-radius: 9px 9px 9px 9px !important;
  }

  .automated-process-sec>div>div:hover svg,
  .automated-process-sec>div>div:hover h2 {
      fill: green;
      color: green;
      transition: all 0.5s cubic-bezier(.18, .89, .32, 1.28);
  }

  .jrnal-archiv-specifications-sec .elementor-widget-container:hover {
      box-shadow: none !important;
  }

  .jrnal-archiv-specifications-sec .elementor-icon-box-title {
      margin: 0;
  }

  nav.breadcrumbs a {
      color: aliceblue !important;
  }

  body {
      overflow-x: hidden !important;
  }

  .qodef-process-info-tabs.qodef-layout--periodic-table .qodef-e-supertitle {
      font-size: 18px !important;
  }

  .qodef-process-info-tabs.qodef-layout--periodic-table .qodef-e-title {
      font-size: 19px !important;
  }

  .pt_plus_info_box.info-box-style_1 .service-img {
      max-width: 67px;
  }

  #qodef-page-header .qodef-header-logo-link img,
  body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no .qodef--main,
  body.archive.tax-journal header#qodef-page-header.qodef-glossy--no .qodef--main a {
      width: 315px !important;
  }

  .qodef-header-sticky {
      height: 86px;
  }

  #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button).quadmenu-has-link:hover>a>.quadmenu-item-content,
  #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button).quadmenu-has-link.open>a>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #181717;
  }

  .elementor-element.elementor-element-4bc9179.e-grid.e-con-full.universities.e-con.e-parent.slick-initialized.slick-slider.e-lazyloaded {
      --display: auto !important;
  }

  .universities img.attachment-large.size-large {
      max-width: 50% !important;
  }

  body {
      overflow-x: hidden !important;
  }

  p#breadcrumb-icon a,
  p a {
      color: #56585a;
  }

  .page-id-38967 #qodef-page-header {
      background-color: #030303ab;
  }

  .page-id-38967 #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button)>a>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #f7f7f7;
  }

  .page-id-38967 .qodef-header-sticky #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button)>a>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #000;
  }

  .page-id-38967 #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button).quadmenu-has-link:hover>a>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #fff !important;
  }

  .page-id-38967 .qodef-header-sticky #quadmenu.quadmenu-default_theme .quadmenu-navbar-nav>li:not(.quadmenu-item-type-button)>a:hover>.quadmenu-item-content {
      color: #000 !important;
  }

  .qodef-breadcrumbs {
      display: none;
  }

  .qodef-grid.qodef-columns-layout--custom>.qodef-grid-inner>.qodef-grid-item:not(:first-child) {
      width: calc((100% - 45.3% - 140px) / 2) !important;
  }

  /* .qodef-grid.qodef-columns-layout--custom>.qodef-grid-inner>.qodef-grid-item:first-child {
    width: 25%!important;
} */
  #qodef-page-inner {
      padding: 103px 0px 0px 0px !important;
  }

  .qodef-blog.qodef-item-layout--standard:not(.qodef-col-num--1) article .qodef-e-top-holder {
      margin-bottom: 18px !important;
  }

  .qodef-blog.qodef-item-layout--info-on-image article .qodef-e-media {
      height: 296px !important;
      width: 100% !important;
  }

  input#is-search-input-51228 {
      height: 49px !important;
      border-radius: 7px 0px 0px 6px !important;
  }

  .is-form-style button.is-search-submit {
      height: 51px !important;
      width: 57px !important;


  }

  .qodef-theme-button:hover,
  input[type=submit]:hover {
      color: #0e202a03 !important;
      background-color: transparent !important;
      border: 1px solid #0e202a00 !important;
  }

  .is-form-style input.is-search-submit,
  .is-search-icon {
      border: 1px solid #cccccc00 !important;
      border-radius: 10px !important;

  }

  .is-search-icon {
      padding-top: 11px !important;
      padding-right: 0px !important;
      width: 58px !important;
      background: #000000 !important;
  }

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          left: auto !important;
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          width: calc(100% - 10px) !important;
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      .author-guidline-pg>div ul li {
          width: 100%;
          font-size: 15px !important;
          height: auto;
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          margin: 0;
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      html body .journals-arch-topic-main-sec>div:last-child>div:last-child {
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      .submsn-sec-journals-pg>div:last-child>div {
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        max-width: 300px;
        height: 500px !important;
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      .jct-slider-nav>div {
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          margin-bottom: 30px !important;
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          height: 50px !important;
          width: 70px !important;
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          padding: 0 !important;
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      .h-vector-sec .qodef-e-title-text {
          font-size: 25px;
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      .no-bg-btns span {
          font-size: 14px;
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      .no-bg-btns {
          margin-right: 10px !important;
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  /* ------@media (max-width: 767px) -----------------END */

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          padding: 10px !important;
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          transform: none !important;
          display: flex;
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      .gj-issue-showcase {
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      .gj-issue-cards-grid {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(1, 1fr) !important;
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          padding: 20px 10px;
          gap: 20px;
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      .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item {
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      }

      .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div,
      .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item .custom-image-column,
      .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item .custom-image-column img {
          width: 100% !important;
          padding: 0 !important;
          border-radius: 5px;
      }

      .issue-singl-top-sec .custom-grid-item>div h3 {
          margin-bottom: 0 !important;
      }

      .scholarly-article-excerpt {
          font-size: 13px !important;
      }

      .author-guidelines blockquote p {
          font-size: 15px;
      }

      .author-guidline-pg .li-no {
          padding: 4px 7px;
          margin-right: 7px;
          font-size: 13px;
          line-height: 1;
      }

  }

  /* ------@media (min-width: 420px) ----------------END */

  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
   SCP Journals Repeater Grid Styles
   ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  .scp-grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
      gap: 24px;
      padding: 20px 0;
      box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  .scp-card {
      background-color: #f0f8ff;
      /* Light blue background matching user request */
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 30px 20px;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: flex-start;
      text-align: center;
      transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
      height: 100%;
      box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  .scp-card:hover {
      transform: translateY(-5px);
      box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
      background-color: #e6f2fa;
  }

  .scp-card-icon-wrapper {
      width: 50px;
      height: 50px;
      margin-bottom: 0;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .scp-card-icon {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: contain;
  }

  /* Style for FontAwesome Icons inside the card */
  .scp-card-icon-wrapper i {
      font-size: 28px;
      /* Adjust icon size */
      color: #111427;
      /* Dark Blue Color */
  }

  .scp-card-title {
      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 700;
      color: #333;
      line-height: 1.4;
      margin: 0 0 15px 0;
      word-wrap: break-word;
  }

  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
   SCP Sub Fields Dark Theme Styles
   ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  .scp-dark-grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
      /* Desktop: 4 items per row */
      gap: 30px;
      padding: 60px 40px;
      background-size: cover;
      background-position: center;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
  }

  .scp-dark-card {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      text-align: center;
      padding: 10px;
      width: 100%;
  }

  .scp-dark-card-icon-wrapper {
      width: 60px;
      height: 60px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .scp-dark-card-icon {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: contain;
      filter: brightness(0) invert(1);
      /* Force text/icon to white */
  }

  /* FontAwesome Icons in Dark Theme */
  .scp-dark-card-icon-wrapper i {
      font-size: 40px;
      color: #fff;
  }

  .scp-dark-card-title {
      color: #fff;
      font-size: 16px;
      font-weight: 600;
      line-height: 1.4;
      max-width: 150px;
      /* Optional: limit width to force wrap like design */
      margin: 0 auto;
  }

  /* View More Button Logic */
  .scp-hidden-item {
      display: none !important;
  }

  .scp-view-more-wrapper {
      grid-column: 1 / -1;
      text-align: center;
      margin-top: 30px;
      width: 100%;
      padding: 10px 0;
  }

  /* Base Button Style */
  .scp-view-more-btn {
      font-size: 16px;
      font-weight: 600;
      cursor: pointer;
      padding: 14px 35px;
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 10px;
      border-radius: 30px;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 1px;
  }

  .scp-view-more-btn i {
      font-size: 12px;
      transition: transform 0.3s ease;
  }

  .scp-view-more-btn:hover i {
      transform: translateY(3px);
  }

  /* Light Theme Button (Research Areas) */
  .scp-light-btn {
      background: rgb(14, 32, 42) !important;
      color: #fff !important;
      border: none;
      box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(17, 20, 39, 0.3);
  }

  .scp-light-btn:hover {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1f3a 0%, #252b4d 100%);
      box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(17, 20, 39, 0.4);
      transform: translateY(-2px);
  }

  /* Dark Theme Button (Dark Grid) */
  .scp-dark-grid-container .scp-view-more-btn {
      background: transparent;
      color: #fff;
      border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  }

  .scp-dark-grid-container .scp-view-more-btn:hover {
      background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
      border-color: #fff;
  }

  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
   SCP Includes (Tags/Pills) Styles
   ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  .scp-includes-container {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      gap: 15px;
      justify-content: flex-start;
      /* Align left */
      padding: 20px 0;
  }

  .scp-include-tag {
      display: inline-block;
      padding: 12px 24px;
      background-color: #f0f4f8;
      /* Light blue-grey background */
      border: 1px solid #d1d9e6;
      /* Subtle border */
      border-radius: 6px;
      color: #333;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 600;
      line-height: 1.4;
      text-align: center;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  }

  .scp-include-tag:hover {
      background-color: #fff;
      border-color: #2c3e50;
      transform: translateY(-2px);
      box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }

  /* -----------------------------------------------------------
   Scope of Journals Breadcrumbs
   ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  .scope-breadcrumbs {
      padding: 15px 0;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      font-size: 14px;
      line-height: 1.6;
  }

  .scope-breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-inner {
      display: flex;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 5px;
  }

  .scope-breadcrumbs a {
      color: #111427;
      text-decoration: none;
      transition: color 0.3s ease;
  }

  .scope-breadcrumbs a:hover {
      color: #00457C;
      text-decoration: underline;
  }

  .scope-breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-sep {
      color: #888;
      margin: 0 8px;
      font-weight: 300;
  }

  .scope-breadcrumbs .current-breadcrumb {
      color: #666;
      font-weight: 600;
  }

  /* ============================================
   Issue Grid Cards - Journal Issues Layout
   ============================================ */

  .issue-grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 20px;
      padding: 20px 0;
  }

  .issue-grid-card {
      background: linear-gradient(145deg, #f8f9fa 0%, #ffffff 100%);
      border-radius: 16px;
      padding: 24px 20px;
      text-align: center;
      box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      border: 1px solid #eef2f5;
  }

  .issue-grid-image {
      width: 100%;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      margin-bottom: 16px;
      min-height: 140px;
  }

  .issue-grid-image img {
      max-width: 100%;
      max-height: 140px;
      width: auto;
      height: auto;
      object-fit: contain;
      border-radius: 8px;
      box-shadow: -3px 3px 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08),
          -6px 6px 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }

  .issue-grid-content {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 8px;
      width: 100%;
  }

  .issue-grid-title {
      font-size: 15px;
      font-weight: 600;
      color: #0e202a;
      margin: 0 0 8px 0;
      line-height: 1.4;
      text-align: center;
  }

  .issue-grid-title a {
      color: #0e202a;
      text-decoration: none;
      transition: color 0.3s ease;
  }

  .issue-grid-title a:hover {
      color: #1769ff;
  }

  .issue-grid-link {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      font-size: 13px;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  }

  .issue-grid-link .qodef-btn-text {
      font-weight: 500;
  }

  /* Responsive Design */
  @media (max-width: 991px) {
      .issue-grid-container {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
          gap: 16px;
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 575px) {
      .issue-grid-container {
          grid-template-columns: 1fr;
          gap: 14px;
      }

      .issue-grid-card {
          padding: 20px 16px;
      }

      .issue-grid-image {
          min-height: 120px;
      }

      .issue-grid-image img {
          max-height: 120px;
      }
  }

  /* ============================================
   Journal Issue Showcase - Grid + Fan Stack
   ============================================ */

  /* Main Wrapper */
  .gj-issue-showcase {
      display: flex;
      gap: 40px;
      padding: 40px 0;
      align-items: center;
  }

  /* Left Side - Grid Cards */
  .gj-issue-cards-left {
      flex: 1;
      max-width: 55%;
  }

  .gj-issue-cards-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      gap: 20px;
  }

  /* Issue Card - No hover effects */
  .gj-issue-card {
      background: #f5f7f9;
      border-radius: 12px;
      padding: 20px 16px;
      text-align: start;
  }

  .gj-issue-card-image {
      width: 100%;
      max-width: 100px;
      margin: 0 auto 12px;
      aspect-ratio: 3/4;
      border-radius: 4px;
      overflow: hidden;
      box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }

  .gj-issue-card-image img {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: cover;
      display: block;
  }

  .gj-issue-card-title {
      line-height: 1.4;
      font-size: 16px;
  }

  .gj-issue-card-link {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 5px;
      font-size: 13px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #0e202a;
      text-decoration: none;
  }

  .gj-issue-card-link svg {
      stroke: currentColor;
      fill: none;
  }

  /* Bottom Links */
  .gj-issue-bottom-links {
      display: flex;
      gap: 25px;
      margin-top: 25px;
      padding-top: 50px;
      text-align: center;
      width: fit-content;
      margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .gj-issue-bottom-link {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 6px;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #0e202a;
      text-decoration: none;
  }

  .gj-issue-bottom-link svg {
      stroke: currentColor;
      fill: none;
  }

  /* Right Side - Fan Stack */
  .gj-fan-stack-right {
      flex: 0 0 45%;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      min-height: 420px;
  }

  .gj-fan-stack-container {
      position: relative;
      width: 340px;
      height: 400px;
  }

  /* Fan Stack Books - Clean style */
  .gj-fan-book {
      position: absolute;
      width: 100%;
      height: fit-content !important;
      border-radius: 3px;
      overflow: hidden;
      box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15), 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
      transform-origin: bottom left;
      transition: all 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
      max-width: 250px;
  }

  .gj-fan-book img {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      object-fit: cover;
      display: block;
  }

  .gj-fan-book a {
      display: block;
      width: 100%;
      height: fit-content !important;
      box-shadow: 2px 5px 0px 3px #e8e8e8 !important;
  }

  /* Fan positions - front book on right, fanning to bottom-left */
  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="0"] {
      bottom: 70px;
      left: 150px;
      z-index: 10;
  }

  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="1"] {
      bottom: 56px;
      left: 120px;
      z-index: 20;
  }

  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="2"] {
      bottom: 42px;
      left: 90px;
      z-index: 30;
  }

  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="3"] {
      bottom: 28px;
      left: 60px;
      z-index: 40;
  }

  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="4"] {
      bottom: 14px;
      left: 30px;
      z-index: 50;
  }

  .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="5"] {
      bottom: 0;
      left: 0;
      z-index: 60;
  }

  .gj-fan-book {
      transition: all 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
      transform: matrix3d(1, 0.05, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1);
      box-shadow: 8px 9px 11px 6px #00000024 !important;
      border-radius: 2px 0 0 4px !important;
      overflow: visible;
  }

  .gj-fan-book.gj-fan-active {
      z-index: 100 !important;
      transform: scale(1.05) translateY(-10px) !important;
      box-shadow:
          0 25px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25),
          0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  }

  /* ============================================
   AI Journal Section - Animated SVG Background
   ============================================ */
  .ai-journal-sec {
      position: relative;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .ai-journal-sec::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      top: -50%;
      right: -20%;
      width: 70%;
      height: 150%;
      background-image: url('https://images.globaljournals.org/Ellipse-1073.png');
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-size: contain;
      background-position: center right;
      opacity: 0.6;
      z-index: 0;
      pointer-events: none;
      animation: aiJournalFloat 15s ease-in-out infinite;
  }

  /* Ensure content stays above the animated background */
  .ai-journal-sec>* {
      position: relative;
      z-index: 1;
  }

  /* Main floating animation for the entire SVG */
  @keyframes aiJournalFloat {

      0%,
      100% {
          transform: translateY(0) rotate(0deg);
          opacity: 0.6;
      }

      25% {
          transform: translateY(-15px) rotate(1deg);
          opacity: 0.7;
      }

      50% {
          transform: translateY(-5px) rotate(0deg);
          opacity: 0.65;
      }

      75% {
          transform: translateY(-20px) rotate(-1deg);
          opacity: 0.7;
      }
  }

  /* Alternative: Left side positioned version */
  .ai-journal-sec.svg-left::before {
      right: auto;
      left: -20%;
      background-position: center left;
  }

  /* Dark theme variant */
  .ai-journal-sec.dark-theme::before {
      filter: brightness(1.2) saturate(1.3);
      opacity: 0.4;
  }

  /* Subtle version for light backgrounds */
  .ai-journal-sec.subtle::before {
      opacity: 0.25;
  }

  /* Responsive adjustments */
  @media (max-width: 1200px) {
      .ai-journal-sec::before {
          width: 80%;
          right: -30%;
          opacity: 0.4;
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 768px) {
      .ai-journal-sec::before {
          width: 100%;
          right: -40%;
          top: -30%;
          height: 120%;
          opacity: 0.3;
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .ai-journal-sec::before {
          display: none;
          /* Hide on very small screens for performance */
      }
  }

  /* Responsive Styles */
  @media (max-width: 1024px) {
      .gj-issue-cards-grid {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 900px) {
      .gj-issue-showcase {
          flex-direction: column;
      }

      .gj-issue-cards-left,
      .gj-fan-stack-right {
          max-width: 100%;
          flex: 1;
      }

      .gj-issue-cards-grid {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      }

      .gj-fan-stack-right {
          order: -1;
          min-height: 350px;
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 600px) {
      .gj-issue-cards-grid {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
          gap: 15px;
      }

      .gj-issue-card {
          padding: 15px 12px;
      }

      .gj-issue-card-image {
          max-width: 80px;
      }

      .gj-fan-stack-container {
          width: 280px;
          height: 320px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book {
          width: 150px;
          height: 210px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="0"] {
          left: 0;
          bottom: 0;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="1"] {
          left: 24px;
          bottom: 12px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="2"] {
          left: 48px;
          bottom: 24px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="3"] {
          left: 72px;
          bottom: 36px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="4"] {
          left: 96px;
          bottom: 48px;
      }

      .gj-fan-book[data-fan-pos="5"] {
          left: 120px;
          bottom: 60px;
      }

      .gj-issue-bottom-links {
          flex-direction: column;
          gap: 12px;
      }
  }

  .gj-user-profile-component {
      position: relative;
      display: inline-block;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-main {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 10px;
      text-decoration: none;
      color: inherit;
      cursor: pointer;
      padding: 5px;
      border-radius: 30px;
      transition: background-color 0.3s;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-main:hover {
      background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
  }

  .gj-main-avatar {
      width: 40px;
      height: 40px;
      object-fit: cover;
      border-radius: 50%;
      border: 2px solid #fff;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }

  .gj-main-name {
      font-size: 15px;
      color: inherit;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-popup {
      visibility: hidden;
      width: 200px;
      background-color: rgba(58, 59, 60, 0.94) !important;
      backdrop-filter: blur(7.8px) !important;
      -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
      color: #fff;
      text-align: start;
      border-radius: 10px;
      position: absolute;
      z-index: 999999;
      top: calc(100% + 14px);
      right: 0;
      transform: translateY(5px);
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s;
      box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  }


  /* Triangle Arrow pointing up */
  .gj-user-profile-popup::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      top: -10px;
      right: 15px;
      width: 0;
      height: 0;
      border-left: 12px solid transparent;
      border-right: 12px solid transparent;
      border-bottom: 12px solid rgba(40, 44, 52, 0.95);
      filter: drop-shadow(0 -2px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1));
  }

  .gj-user-profile-popup li {
      list-style: none;
      padding: 5px 20px !important;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-popup li span {
      color: #b5b5b5;
      font-size: 13px;
      margin: 0;
  }

  /* Show Popup on Hover */
  .gj-user-profile-component:hover .gj-user-profile-popup {
      visibility: visible;
      opacity: 1;
      transform: translateY(0) !important;
  }

  /* Popup Header inside dropdown */
  .gj-profile-popup-header {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 12px;
      padding: 0 20px 15px 20px;
  }

  .gj-popup-avatar {
      width: 30px;
      height: 30px;
      border-radius: 50%;
      object-fit: cover;
  }

  .gj-popup-name {
      font-size: 16px;
      overflow: hidden;
      text-overflow: ellipsis;
  }

  /* Divider */
  .gj-popup-divider {
      height: 1px;
      background-color: #eee;
      margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  }

  /* Menu List */
  .gj-profile-menu {
      list-style: none;
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      margin: 0;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-popup>ul {
      border-top: 1px solid #eeeeee1c;
      padding-top: 10px;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-popup .gj-profile-popup-header {
      padding: 5px;
      gap: 0 !important;
  }

  .gj-user-profile-component .gj-user-profile-main {
      color: #fff;
  }

  .gj-profile-menu li a {
      display: flex;
      align-items: start;
      text-decoration: none;
      color: #555;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 500;
      transition: background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
      justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .gj-profile-menu li a:hover {
      color: fff;
  }

  .gj-menu-icon {
      width: 24px;
      text-align: center;
      margin-right: 12px;
      font-size: 16px;
      display: inline-block;
  }

  .gj-menu-text {
      flex-grow: 1;
  }

  .gj-menu-arrow {
      font-size: 18px;
      color: #ccc;
  }

  /* Basic Login Button Style for Logged Out state */
  .gj-popup-btn {
      display: inline-block;
      color: #fff !important;
      border-radius: 6px;
      text-decoration: none;
      font-weight: 300 !important;
      margin: 0;
      width: 100%;
      font-size: 20px !important;
  }

  .gj-popup-btn:hover {
      color: #fff;
  }

  /* ========================================
   NEWS FEED GRID - Scoped CSS
   Prefix: .gj-news-feed-*
   ======================================== */

  /* Grid Container */
  body .gj-news-feed-grid {
      display: grid !important;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr) !important;
      gap: 20px !important;
      width: 100% !important;
      max-width: 100% !important;
      margin: 0 auto !important;
      padding: 0 !important;
      list-style: none !important;
  }

  /* Individual Card */
  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card {
      position: relative !important;
      background-color: #f8f9fa !important;
      border-radius: 12px !important;
      overflow: hidden !important;
      min-height: 220px !important;
      display: flex !important;
      flex-direction: column !important;
      transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease !important;
      padding: 0 !important;
      margin: 0 !important;
      border: none !important;
  }

  /* Background Image Layer */
  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card-bg {
      position: absolute !important;
      top: 0 !important;
      left: 0 !important;
      right: 0 !important;
      bottom: 0 !important;
      background-image: var(--bg-image) !important;
      background-size: cover !important;
      background-position: center !important;
      background-repeat: no-repeat !important;
      z-index: 0 !important;
      transition: opacity 0.3s ease !important;
  }

  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card:hover .gj-news-feed-card-bg {
      opacity: 0.35 !important;
  }

  /* Content Layer */
  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card-content {
      position: relative !important;
      z-index: 1 !important;
      padding: 25px !important;
      display: flex !important;
      flex-direction: column !important;
      height: 100% !important;
      justify-content: space-between !important;
  }

  /* Meta Info - Date */
  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-meta {
      font-size: 13px !important;
      color: #6c757d !important;
      margin: 0 0 15px 0 !important;
  }

  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-link .qodef-btn-text {
      font-size: 14px !important;
  }

  body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-link .qodef-btn-arrow svg {
      width: 10px !important;
      height: 10px !important;
  }

  /* Responsive - Tablet */
  @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
      body .gj-news-feed-grid {
          grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr) !important;
          gap: 15px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card {
          min-height: 200px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card-content {
          padding: 20px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-title {
          font-size: 15px !important;
      }
  }

  /* Responsive - Mobile */
  @media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
      body .gj-news-feed-grid {
          grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
          gap: 15px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card {
          min-height: 180px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-card-content {
          padding: 18px !important;
      }

      body .gj-news-feed-grid .gj-news-feed-title {
          font-size: 14px !important;
          -webkit-line-clamp: 2 !important;
      }
  }

  /* ======================================== 
   END - NEWS FEED GRID
   ======================================== */

  /* ========================================
   GJAS - Single Slide Mode
   When only 1 article, don't show as slider
   ======================================== */

  .gjas-slider-wrapper.gjas-single-slide-mode .gjas-articles-carousel {
      display: flex !important;
      justify-content: flex-start !important;
      align-items: flex-start !important;
      margin-left: 0 !important;
      margin-right: auto !important;
  }

  .gjas-slider-wrapper.gjas-single-slide-mode {
      text-align: left !important;
  }

  .gjas-slider-wrapper.gjas-single-slide-mode .gjas-slide {
      max-width: 380px !important;
      width: 100% !important;
      flex-shrink: 0 !important;
  }

  @media (max-width: 768px) {
      .gjas-slider-wrapper.gjas-single-slide-mode .gjas-slide {
          max-width: 100% !important;
      }
  }

  /* ======================================== 
   END - GJAS Single Slide Mode
   ======================================== */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  /* Journal Issues Shortcode Design - [display_issues_current] */
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

  .journal-issues-section-container {
      background-color: #ffffff;
      padding: 40px;
      border-radius: 8px;
      /* Optional: smooth corners */
  }

  .journal-issue-grid {
      display: flex;
      gap: 30px;
      padding: 70px 0px 20px 0;
      justify-content: start;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
      margin: 0px;
  }

  .journal-issue-item {
      display: none;
      flex-direction: column;
      width: calc(25% - 23px);
      border-radius: 16px;
      overflow: hidden;
      transition: all 0.4s ease;
      position: relative;
      background: #f5f5f5;
  }

  .journal-issue-item.visible {
      display: flex;
  }

  .journal-issue-banner {
      width: 100%;
      height: auto;
      overflow: hidden;
      border-radius: 8px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
  }

  .journal-issue-banner img {
      object-fit: contain;
      margin: 0 auto;
      display: block;
      max-height: 200px;
      padding-top: 20px;
  }

  .journal-issue-content {
      flex: 1;
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      align-items: flex-start;
      /* Left align */
      text-align: left;
      background-color: transparent;
      padding: 0;
  }

  .journal-issue-title {
      font-family: "Prata", serif !important;
      font-size: 22px;
      margin: 0 0 15px;
      color: #111;
      line-height: 1.3;
      font-weight: 400;
  }

  .journal-issue-title a {
      color: #111;
      text-decoration: none;
      transition: color 0.3s ease;
  }

  .journal-issue-title a:hover {
      color: #555;
  }

  .journal-issue-link {
      display: inline-flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 8px;
      font-size: 14px;
      font-weight: 500;
      color: #333;
      text-decoration: none;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      letter-spacing: 0.5px;
      margin-top: auto;
      /* Push to bottom */
      transition: gap 0.3s ease;
  }

  .journal-issue-link:hover {
      gap: 12px;
      color: #000;
  }

  .journal-issue-link svg {
      width: 12px;
      height: 12px;
      fill: currentColor;
  }

  #loadMoreIssues {
      margin: 40px auto 0;
      width: fit-content;
      display: none;
      cursor: pointer;
      padding: 12px 30px;
      border-radius: 30px;
      border: 1px solid #333;
      background: transparent;
      color: #333;
      font-weight: 600;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      font-size: 12px;
      letter-spacing: 1px;
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }

  #loadMoreIssues:hover {
      background: #333;
      color: #fff;
  }

  .vol-arch-vol-list li::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      width: 0%;
      height: 2px;
      bottom: -1px;
      left: 0;
      transition: all 0.6s cubic-bezier(.75, .02, .31, 1.16);
      background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, #df06061f 0, #d5dcf8 50%, transparent 150%);
      box-shadow: 1px -1px 10px 2px #ff373712;
  }

  .vol-arch-vol-list li:hover::before {
      width: 100%;
  }

  @media (max-width: 1200px) {
      .journal-issue-item {
          width: calc(33.33% - 20px);
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 900px) {
      .journal-issue-item {
          width: calc(50% - 15px);
      }
  }

  @media (max-width: 550px) {
      .journal-issue-item {
          width: 100%;
      }
  }

  /* Fix spacing for Journal Article Slider */
  .gjas-slide {
      padding: 0 10px;
  }

  /* Fix Slider Layout - Ensure it respects parent padding */
  .gjas-slider-wrapper {
      position: relative !important;
      width: 100% !important;
      max-width: 100% !important;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  /* Ensure no negative margins on slick track/list */
  .gjas-slider-wrapper .slick-list,
  .gjas-slider-wrapper .slick-track {
      margin-left: 0 !important;
      margin-right: 0 !important;
  }

  @media (max-width: 767px) {
      .gjas-article-title {
          display: -webkit-box;
          -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
          -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
          overflow: hidden;
          text-overflow: ellipsis;
      }

      .volums-in-volums-pg {
          padding-bottom: 30px !important;
      }

      body .issue-pg-tittle-sec {
          margin-top: 50px !important;
      }

      .volume-journal-section .elementor-col-50:first-child>.elementor-widget-wrap:first-child,
      .journal-issues-section-container .qodef-section-title {
          padding: 0 0 20px 0 !important;
      }

      .journal-issues-section-container {
          padding: 40px 0% !important;
      }

      .volume-banner .elementor-shortcode>div>div {
          display: flex;
          justify-content: center;
          gap: 0px;
          flex-direction: column;
      }

      .volume-bnr-details p {
          font-size: 14px !important;
      }
  }
  .gj-mobile-sidebar {
      right: -30px !important;
      width: 0px !important;
      transition: transform, width 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1), visibility 0s linear 0.4s !important;
  }

  .gj-sidebar-header {
      padding: 0 !important;
      width: 0 !important;
      overflow: hidden;
  }

  .gj-mobile-sidebar.is-open {
      transform: translateX(0) !important;
      right: 0 !important;
      width: 330px !important;
      visibility: visible !important;
      transition: transform, width 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1), visibility 0s linear 0s !important;
  }

  .gj-mobile-sidebar.is-open .gj-sidebar-header {
      padding: 15px 20px !important;
      width: auto !important;
  }