Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological entity characterized by the association of neurological clinical signs. The most common causes are hypertensive encephalopathy, renal failure, immunosuppressants, infections and systemic diseases. The clinical course is most often favorable with a more or less rapid and usually complete improvement of clinical signs and a disappearance of radiological images. We report a case of a 61-year-old chronically hypertensive patient who presented with a clinical picture of confusion, in whom brain CT (computed tomography) revealed images suggestive of an PRES. The evolution was quickly favorable under antihypertensive treatment.