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<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">global-journal-of-medical-research-k-interdisciplinary</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Global Journal of Medical Research - K: Interdisciplinary</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="print">0975-5888</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2249-4618</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Global Journals Publishing Group Incorporated</publisher-name></publisher>
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<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34257/GJMRK259014</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">259014</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Development of Innovative Strategies for Early Detection, Prevention, and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in the United States Through Integrated Public Health Systems</article-title>
<subtitle>IEWACS: Integrated Epidemic Early Warning System</subtitle>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ogbu</surname><given-names>Odira Felicita</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" />
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Igwama</surname><given-names>Geneva</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2" />
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1">United States</aff>
<aff id="aff2">Peru, Digital Health Research Center</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-27">
<day>27</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>28</fpage>
<lpage>33</lpage>
<abstract><p>Background: **As strikingly shown** by the **series** of **shocks—** H1N1 influenza, MERS-CoV, Ebola, Zika, and most **recently** the SARS-CoV-2 **epidemic** , which **claimed** more than 1.2 million **lives** in the United States and **caused** an **projected** $14 trillion in combined direct and indirect economic **damage—the emergence and re-emergence of new infectious diseases is an ongoing and increasing danger to U** . **S. public health security. These repeated cautions notwithstanding** , the United States **still lacks** a **totally** integrated, real-time national infectious disease early warning **system able to identify new** pathogen signals with the speed and **spatial** resolution **needed** for **successful** pre-epidemic **response** . This **study offers** and **assesses** an Integrated Early Warning and Containment System (IEWACS) framework **meant** to **methodically improve** U.S. **capability** for early **identification** , prevention, and **management** of **new** infectious diseases **by combining** digital epidemiology, genomic surveillance, community health informatics, and cross-sector coordination **tools** . A mixed-methods **technique using** narrative systematic review, expert consensus analysis, and scenario-based simulation modeling was **used** . **Synthesized were** seven federal policy documents, four **overseas epidemic** response case studies **, and eighty-one peer-reviewed articles** . **Using** epidemiological **data** from U.S. **epidemic** histories (2009–2024) **, simulation modeling—minimal, moderate, and full deployment—estimated expected** detection acceleration and containment **effectiveness** across three IEWACS implementation **circumstances** . Stakeholder **views** were **included by means of organized** synthesis of **openly accessible** expert testimony **submitted** to HHS, CDC, and Congressional hearings on pandemic preparedness **from** 2020–2025. **Outcomes** : **Compared to baseline systems, full** IEWACS **installation** was **expected** to **cut** mean time from pathogen emergence to confirmed public health **warning** by 8.3 days (95% CI: 5.1–11.5 days) **—** a **decrease** that, applied **retroactively** to the SARS-CoV-2 emergence timeline, would have **allowed significant** containment intervention **roughly** two incubation cycles ahead of the first confirmed U.S. case cluster. **Integrating genomic** surveillance was **found to be** the single **best** – **yielding** component **for detection improvement** , **lowering the expected 3.2 days** from a historical **average** of 16 days. **Integrated** with wastewater epidemiology and emergency department chief complaint data, **community-based digital symptom surveillance added a** 4.1-day **detecting edge** over clinical laboratory-dependent **methods only** . **Finally,** : **Next** -generation U.S. infectious disease early warning **is well-founded and operationally actionable thanks to the IEWACS framework** . Its **implementation calls for** legislative **funding** in CDC Core **Capabilities** , **growth** of the National Wastewater Surveillance System, **speed-up** of whole-genome sequencing integration across public health **labs** , and **creation** of a National Digital Epidemiology Center with real-time data aggregation **power** . The **next pandemic’s** human and **financial** cost of delayed **diagnosis** will **exceed** the **expense of developing** the infrastructure that could **stop** it.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated">
<kwd>emerging infectious diseases</kwd>
<kwd>early warning systems</kwd>
<kwd>digital epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd>wastewater surveillance</kwd>
<kwd>genomic surveillance</kwd>
<kwd>pandemic preparedness</kwd>
<kwd>integrated public health systems</kwd>
<kwd>IEWACS</kwd>
<kwd>syndromic surveillance</kwd>
<kwd>community health informatics.</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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