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<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">global-journal-of-research-in-engineering-j-general-engineering</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Global Journal of Research in Engineering - J: General Engineering</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="print">0975-5861</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2249-4596</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Global Journals Publishing Group Incorporated</publisher-name></publisher>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://globaljournals.org/journal-seo-export/jats/55877.xml" />
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<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">55877</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Proportional Optimization of Cow Dung and Cow Bone Char for Bioremediation of Crude Oil Polluted Soil</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baniviga</surname><given-names>, Tombari Barimme</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" />
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Momoh</surname><given-names>, O.L, Yusuf</given-names></name></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Horsfall</surname><given-names>Ibiba Taiwo</given-names></name></contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1">NIGERIA, University of Port-Harcourt Choba</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-01-15">
<day>15</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<issue>J5</issue>
<fpage>11</fpage>
<lpage>21</lpage>
<abstract><p>In this research, attempts were made to study the effects of cow dung and cow bone char mixture for bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil. This process of remediation was conducted ex-situ using an optimization technique termed three-level design with two factors -𝟑𝟑 𝟐𝟐 design factorial. The first-order kinetics was also employed in studying the kinetics of degradation with the observed correlation of determination (𝐑𝐑 𝟐𝟐 ) between (0.726 -0.969).The optimization technique shows also that the optimal mix range between 20 -38% for cow dung and 35 -50% for bone char. In terms of mass, this translates to an optimal mix of 30-57g of cow dung and 52.5 -75gof bone char for every 2kg of soil having a 4% crude oil contamination relative to the total mass of the mixture.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated">
<kwd>cow dung; cow bone char</kwd>
<kwd>optimization; bioremediation; crude oil polluted soil.</kwd>
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<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://globaljournals.org/GJRE_Volume19/2-Proportional-Optimization-of-Cow.pdf" />
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<p>In this research, attempts were made to study the effects of cow dung and cow bone char mixture for bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil. This process of remediation was conducted ex-situ using an optimization technique termed three-level design with two factors - ðŸ‘ðŸ‘ðŸðŸ design factorial. The first-order kinetics was also employed in studying the kinetics of degradation with the observed correlation of determination (ð‘ð‘ðŸðŸ) between (0.726 - 0.969).</p>
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