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<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">global-journal-of-medical-research-g-veterinary-science-medicine</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Global Journal of Medical Research - G: Veterinary Science &amp; Medicine</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="print">0975-5888</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2249-4618</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Global Journals Publishing Group Incorporated</publisher-name></publisher>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://globaljournals.org/journal-seo-export/jats/60822.xml" />
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<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">60822</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Enhanced Immune Responses of Trivalent Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccine Using Montanide Oil and Clinoptilolite Adjuvants in Cattle</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Fakhry</surname><given-names>Hiam M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" />
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="aff1">EGYPT, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute,</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-01-15">
<day>15</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<issue>G2</issue>
<fpage>21</fpage>
<lpage>27</lpage>
<abstract><p>Adjuvant play an important role in the efficacy produced by vaccines can vary according to the kinds of adjuvant. The immunological study was conducted to response of trivalent Foot and mouth disease (FMD) cattle groups; The first group was vaccinated intramuscularly (I/M) (1 μg/dose) vaccine, The second group was vaccinated wit group was vaccinated with FMD oil vaccine while the fourth group were non vaccinated used as control and fifth group were used for safety test. cattle immunity. The humeral and cellular immune responses were</p></abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated">
<kwd>FMD virus</kwd>
<kwd>vaccine</kwd>
<kwd>clinoptilolite</kwd>
<kwd>XTT</kwd>
<kwd>SNT</kwd>
<kwd>and ELISA.</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://globaljournals.org/GJMR_Volume18/4-Enhanced-Immune-Responses.pdf" />
<self-uri content-type="html" xlink:href="https://globaljournals.org/scholarly-articles/enhanced-immune-responses-of-trivalent-foot-and-mouth-disease-vaccine-using-montanide-oil-and-clinoptilolite-adjuvants-in-cattle/" />
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<p>Adjuvant play an important role in the efficacy of vaccines, the protective immune response produced by vaccines can vary according to the kinds of adjuvant. The comprehensive sero-immunological study was conducted to reveal the adjutantâ€™s effect of Clinoptilolite and oil on the immune response of trivalent Foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccine in cattle. This study was conducted in five cattle groups; The first group was vaccinated intramuscularly (I/M) with trivalent FMD Clinoptilolite (1 Î¼g/dose) vaccine, The second group was vaccinated with FMD (Oil + Clinoptilolite) vaccine and Third group was vaccinated with FMD oil vaccine while the fourth group were non vaccinated used as negative control and fifth group were used for safety test. Then conducted tests to compare the enhancement in cattle immunity. The humeral and cellular immune responses were monitored in different tested groups. The obtained results indicated that the incorporation of Clinoptilolite into inactivated FMD vaccine induces an increase of the specific protective immune response. Higher and longer period of immune responses were found in cattle vaccinated with both Montanide oil and Clinoptilolite adjuvanted vaccine up to 40 weeks, while those vaccinated with Clinoptilolite or oil vaccine showed protected immunity up to 32 weeks respectively. Finally, we recommended that using of Clinoptilolite with oil as a potential adjuvant in FMD vaccine.</p>
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