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<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">global-journal-of-human-social-science-d-history-archaeology-anthropology</journal-id>
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<journal-title>Global Journal of Human-Social Science - D: History, Archaeology &amp; Anthropology</journal-title>
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<issn publication-format="print">0975-587X</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2249-460X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Global Journals Publishing Group Incorporated</publisher-name></publisher>
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<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">62299</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Pace Carabelli Aand Dow, There is No Common Discourse Language Logic in Keynesâ€™s A Treatise on Probability</article-title>
<subtitle>Keynes and Boole: Formal Logic in the Treatise</subtitle>
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<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brady</surname><given-names>Michael Emmett</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" />
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<aff id="aff1">UNITED STATES</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-01-19">
<day>19</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<issue>D6</issue>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>7</lpage>
<abstract><p>Abstract not found</p></abstract>
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<title>Full Text</title>
<p>For 45 years, both A. Carabelli and S. Dow have been arguing that Keynesâ€™s non demonstrative logic in the A Treatise on Probability is a common discourse logic (rhetoric). They provide no textual evidence anywhere in Keynesâ€™s A Treatise on Probability to support this claim. They have never supported, through the citation of specific pages or paragraphs in Keynesâ€™s book, their claims that Keynesâ€™s logic is NOT a formal logic. What is in the A Treatise on Probability is a version of Booleâ€™s relational, propositional logic that Keynes combined with a first order (predicate) logic. These are mathematical, formal, symbolic logics. They have nothing to do with common discourse logics using the English language. A simultaneous reading of chapters I and II of Keynesâ€™s book and chapters I, XI, and XII of Booleâ€™s The Laws of Thought lead to one, and only one, conclusion- Keynesâ€™s logic is a formal logic derived from G. Boole. The only conclusion that follows from Keynesâ€™s application of Boolean logics is that Carabelli and Dow have been severely confused for 45 years in what a formal logic is and what a common discourse logic is. Given that Keynesâ€™s non-demonstrative logic is a formal, mathematical, symbolic logic, the only conclusion possible is that Keynes is a formalist and a logicist, who was, and is, vastly superior to any economist, either orthodox or heterodox, in the 20th and 21st centuries.</p>
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