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<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">global-journal-of-science-frontier-research-a-physics-space-science</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Global Journal of Science Frontier Research - A: Physics &amp; Space Science</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn publication-format="print">0975-5896</issn>
<issn publication-format="electronic">2249-4626</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Global Journals Publishing Group Incorporated</publisher-name></publisher>
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<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34257/GJSFR83954</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">83954</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>The Nature of the Electron</article-title>
<subtitle>The Electron as the Fundamental Basis of Matter</subtitle>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Changming</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" />
</contrib>
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<aff id="aff1">CANADA</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-06">
<day>06</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<issue>A2</issue>
<fpage>23</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<abstract><p>Unity is defined as matter or a system with its maximum energy limit. In an atom unity, electrons are attracting while energy sharing. Out of the unity, electrons are kinetically repelling while excess-energy releasing gradually. The concept of a specific “electric charge” is a misconception, also is the concept of “oppositely charged” electrons and protons. Matter’s energy is scalar, not vector, any “antimatter” is a misconception, including the concept of a “positively charged electron”, and the idea of “annihilation”. The Big Bang created four base particles: proton (p), electron (e), neutrino (ν), and photon (γ). The electron usually shares energy with a photon as an electron unity (eγ). Electrons move to be dynamic unity, expressed as two distinct types of oscillations: 1) Electrons of an atom unity oscillate around their nucleus, attracting while energy sharing. Each electron’s orbit is the equilibrium of its unity force; 2) Outside electric forces can break free those outermost electrons from the atom unities of a conductor, oscillate them away, align and energize them, forming stronger electron waves with magnetic effects, and simultaneously cause them to flow along the potential difference as electric currents.</p></abstract>
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<kwd>mass</kwd>
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<kwd>energy sharing</kwd>
<kwd>excess-energy releasing.</kwd>
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<title>Full Text</title>
<p>Unity is defined as matter or a system with its maximum energy limit. In an atom unity, electrons are attracting while energy sharing. Out of the unity, electrons are kinetically repelling while excess-energy releasing gradually. The concept of a specific â€œelectric chargeâ€ is a misconception, also is the concept of â€œoppositely chargedâ€ electrons and protons. Matterâ€™s energy is scalar, not vector, any â€œantimatterâ€ is a misconception, including the concept of a â€œpositively charged electronâ€, and the idea of â€œannihilationâ€. The Big Bang created four base particles: proton (p), electron (e), neutrino (Î½), and photon (Î³). The electron usually shares energy with a photon as an electron unity (eÎ³). Electrons move to be dynamic unity, expressed as two distinct types of oscillations: 1) Electrons of an atom unity oscillate around their nucleus, attracting while energy sharing. Each electronâ€™s orbit is the equilibrium of its unity force; 2) Outside electric forces can break free those outermost electrons from the atom unities of a conductor, oscillate them away, align and energize them, forming stronger electron waves with magnetic effects, and simultaneously cause them to flow along the potential difference as electric currents.</p>
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