I. INTRODUCTION

The importance of this issue is heightened when the Afghan government has prepared long-term plans for the development of approximately one million affordable housing units with appropriate living standards. Due to the findings of the Ministry of Urban Development and Independent Bureau of Local Authorities, Kabul Municipality and UN Habitat Research, Afghanistan's urban population has been increasing from $20\mathrm{\%}$ to $24\mathrm{\%}$ due to urban migration in the past two years. In the absence of housing, about 1.5 million have been observed over the years. Kabulas the largest center of internal migration represents $10\mathrm{\%}$ annual growth over the past decade, also, sources indicate that $78\mathrm{\%}$ of citizens seeking housing are in critical condition, according to the above report, housing problems are one of the most serious social issues in Afghanistan, especially in Kabul. So it is imperative that you pay close attention to this issue and develop comprehensive plans for addressing and resolving this issue and manage it properly. In Afghanistan, risk management will be one of the steps that will help to make these programs a reality. Given the importance of this issue, it requires a comprehensive research to identify the sources of risk and how to manage it realistically, the questions of this research are divided into two types of open and closed questions. These two types of questions are considered as questionnaire and interview form. The questions addressed in the questionnaires are quantitative and closed-ended questions that were scored by the participants. Points are given, that is, by choosing 1 of 5 options, From 1 to 5, respectively, from 5 to 1 enormous.

a) Research Goals in Brief

Identifying the sources of risk

Get comprehensive solutions

Prevent similar occurrences in future projects

Accelerate the design phase of future construction projects

b) When is Risk Analysis needed?

Risk assessment is useful in many situations.

For example:

1. When planning a project, to help predict and neutralize potential problems.

2. When you are deciding to go with a project.

3. When you plan to increase the level of safety and potential risk management in your workplace.

4. Be prepared for events such as equipment and technology failure, theft, employee illness, or natural disasters.

c) How to use Risk Analysis?

To apply the risk analysis, follow these steps:

1. Identify threats

• 1:1 the first stage of risk analysis is to identify existing and occurring risks. Risks that may be encountered.
• 1:2 Prepare a list briefly to check that there is a threat or not?
• 1:3 what are some issues that may harm you?
• 1:4 Ask people who have different views

2. Risk Assessment

• 2:1 once you have identified the threats, it is necessary to calculate the probability of the two cases: Threats and their impact. One solution is this: Find the accurate estimate of the probability of occurrence of event, and then multiply this value to the expense of occurrence of the event and doing it right, this will give you a risk value.
• 2.2 Value of risk = probability of occurrence x cost of occurrence.

As a simple example: Imagine you have identified the risk that rent accommodation to substantially increase: You think that there is $80\mathrm{\%}$ chance of this happening next year, because your landlord has recently increased rentals for other businesses. If this happens, next year your business will cost extra $ 500,000.

So the value of the risk of increased rent equals: 0.8 (probability of occurrence) $\times$ 500000 (fee happen) $=400000$ (Risk value).

3. How to manage risk

3:1 once you have identified the value of the risk you are facing; you can look for a way to manage it. (Mehta Arjmand, 1396).

4. Divide the risk

4:1 You can also divide the risk with people, Groups, Organizations or other third parties as a result of the possible risks.

For example: When you cover your office building or company property list with insurance of the third party, or when you partner with another organization at the beginning of product development, you have shared the risk with them (Mehta arjmand, 1396).

5. Accept risk

5:1 Your last choice is risk acceptance. This is usually the best option for situations where risk cannot be avoided or mitigated, When the potential risk loss is less than the cost of insurance to prevent risk, or when the potential benefit is at the risk of accepting the risk.

6. Risk control

6:1 if you have chosen a risk-taking solution, there are ways to reduce the impact. Past experiences are

effective ways to reduce risk. Experienced managers do risky things in smaller and more manageable dimensions. You can use the results of previous tests to identify the location of the risk and take preventive action before performing large-scale work.

Research Methods: We are trying to clarify the facts and find ways to bring us closer to the goal. The research method of this article is divided into two sections.

1. Questionnaire

2. Interview

The two sections are divided into 5 departments and projects with 60 expert participants. Participants in the two sections of the questionnaire and interview presented their opinions separately. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Choosing this app to get right and accurate statistics and numbers is intended to make the results work and useful.

1. Questionnaire: The questions raised in the questionnaires are as follows. a. Which of the following is the main cause of the crisis (risk) in the design phase of construction projects?

Table 1

1. Which of the following is the most critical factor in the risk-taking phase of project design?

Table 2

1. Interview: The questions in the interview section are as follows: a. What causes the design process in construction projects to be compromised? b. What suggestions do you propose to prevent or minimize the crisis during the design phase of construction projects? c. How can the crisis in the design phase of construction projects be managed?

Table 3

The main research issues are as follows:

What causes the design process in construction projects to be compromised? These two divisions are made up of a total of 60 special partners.

This analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. Variable statistics using SPSS software are distributed in the following table and chart.

1. Lack of Unit Management in Projects
2. The lack of coordination of the project team

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

It is also considered for each factor of the table, which totals 24 tables, then check the validity of the questionnaire was using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

In this formula (k) the number of questions, and $({\sigma }^2)$ is the variance of each question. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient is used to measure the one-dimensionality of attitudes, judgments, and other items that are not easy to measure.

II. CONCLUSION

Considering the statistics of the risk among the 24 risk identified by the researcher in the design phase of construction projects and distributed to questionnaires specialists in related fields, there are 6 types of high risk that are listed below:

• Lack of unit management in the project
• Lack of transformation management (inability to lead new talents in the project)
• Appointing non-technical people at the helm
• Management weaknesses in not recognizing project strengths and weaknesses
• Office of thick organization
• Organizing team's lack of coordination

Important Factors from the Interview:

• Lack of unified management and planning
• Lack of assessment of possible risks
• Lack of detailed study of lands and topography of the area
• Failure to examine religious, cultural and climatic conditions of the country
• Lack of economic planning in projects