Review on Immune Tolerance Mechanism and Physiology

Melese Yilma

Review on Immune Tolerance Mechanism and Physiology

Melese Yilma * §

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§ Wolaita Sodo University

Review on Immune Tolerance Mechanism and Physiology

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Abstract

Immunological tolerance is classified into central tolerance or peripheral tolerance depending on where the state is originally induced in the thymus and bone marrow (central) or in other tissues and lymph nodes (peripheral).The mechanisms by which these forms of tolerance are established are distinct, but the resulting effect is similar. The recognition of antigens by the immature B cells in the bone marrow is critical to the development of immunological tolerance to self. This process produces a population of B cells that do not recognize self-antigens but may recognize antigens derived from pathogens or non self. T cells are selected for survival much more rigorously than B cells. They undergo both positive and negative selection to produce T cells that recognize self-MHC molecules but do not recognize selfpeptides. Since, central tolerance is not 100% efficient, mechanisms of peripheral T-cell tolerance are required to prevent autoimmunity. Active peripheral tolerance is maintained by numerous types of regulatory T cells, the best known of which are FoxP3+ Tregs that develop naturally in the thymus or can be induced in the periphery. Central tolerance is the main way the immune system learns to discriminate self from non-self which is clearly stated in the case of early embryo communication within placental barrier. In did so with the natural balance rule the immune tolerance is play an important role on normal physiology to occur.

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21 Cites in Article

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Melese Yilma. 2018. "Review on Immune Tolerance Mechanism and Physiology". Global Journal of Medical Research - G: Veterinary Science & Medicine GJMR-G Volume 18 (GJMR Volume 18 Issue G1).

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GJMR Volume 18 Issue G1

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjmr

Print ISSN 0975-5888

e-ISSN 2249-4618

Keywords

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Classification

GJMR-G Classification NLMC Code: WC 900

Submission ReceivedDecember 12, 2017
Peer Review Double Blind
Handling Editor
Accepted January 4, 2018
Published January 15, 2018

Version of record

v1.2

Issue date

June 6, 2018

Language

English

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Article Matrices

Total Score: 111

Country: Ethiopia

Subject: Global Journal of Medical Research

Authors: Melese Yilma (PhD/Dr. count: 0)

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Publish Date: 2018 01, Mon

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Total Views: 739

Total Downloads: 64

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