Evaluacion De La Diversidad Agricola En Agroecosistemas Del Municipio Esmeralda
The work took place between September 2019 and June 2020, with the aim of evaluating agricultural biodiversity on farms in the Esmeralda municipality, quantifying the comprehensive status of agroecosystems, since there is no estimate of the existing situation in this problem. in the locality. The sampled area was 0.24 hectares per farm, subdividing the fields into six transects, 80 x 5 m each. A taxonomic record was made with plant agrobiodiversity, where greater diversity of families and species was observed in the herbaceous category, with 60.71% of tree species cultivated for human consumption and only 27.08% in herbaceous. Alpha and Beta indices were determined for the comparative studies, where diversity values located between low and medium were generally obtained, mean dominance and equity indices of one species over another. The farms were dissimilar or different floristically in herbaceous and moderately different floristically in tree species, while the Agricultural Diversity Index evidenced the application of unsustainable management practices in the agroecosystem, due to insufficient application of agroecological principles and management aimed at profit making rather than caring for the environment. It was concluded that the productive systems are little diverse and moderately similar floristically so they are unsustainable due to the application of inadequate productive practices, the applied management models show a trend towards market ends and capital accumulation.
