Paracetamol May Increase Cardiac Congenital Malformations Risk in Prediabetic Pregnancy Women
Hepatic fat and abdominal adiposity in early pregnancy promotes impaired glucose homeostasis in mid-pregnancy (De Souza, 2016) and paracetamol overuse predisposes to liver fat. Hyperglycemia induces apoptosis in myocardium, and an amount evidence have demonstrated an increased risk of congenital abnormalities with gestational diabetes. Acetaminophen overdose is the most often cause of acute liver injury and obese women are in particular risk, because is able to induce mitochondrial oxidative stress (Rousar, 2012). Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) usual high doses decreased embryonic hepatic antioxidant systems as glutathione, that play a vital role in the detoxification of exogenous and endogenous chemicals (Mitchell, 1973, Ishibashi, 1997, Beck, 2001, Rousar, 2012, rev). The apparent safety of Paracetamol drug, a useful analgesic only (with no anti-inflammatory properties) (Neto, 2004; Hamlyn, 1978, Ucheya, 2006, Bessems, 2001) is compromized by its widespread and extensive chronic use, particularly in Peruvian population. Paracetamol though considered safe at a considerable low dose, especially in women, could cause kidney derangement and cardiac malformations during pregnant state (Ucheya, 2006), if the drug is ingested in the first trimester. Major congenital malformations, including those affecting the cardiovascular system, remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in infants of diabetic mothers (Pinter, 2001). Thus, there is an overcome potential maternal acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity (Horowitz, 1997).
