Hematological and Serum Biochemical Alteration in Cattle and Buffaloes Suffering From Natural Infection of Black Quarter

Abstract

Hematological and serum biochemical changes in cattle suffering from natural outbreak of Black quarter (BQ) in different areas of Punjab, Pakistan were studied. Blood samples from infected cattle were subjected to TLC, TEC, DLC, hemoglobin and PCV while serum samples for estimation of Cpk, ALT and AST (n=50). It was found that mean erythrocyte count decreased significantly (P < 0.05) while mean leukocyte count increased significantly (P 0.05) as compared to healthy animals.Average DLC values were found varying to great extent. It was found that mean neutrophils and lymphocytes (%) increased significantly (P 0.05) in diseased animals.

A Study of Conflict Issues Affecting Ugandan Housemaids who Migrate to Saudi Arabia and How to Mitigate them

March 10, 2026

This study aims to comprehensively analyse the complex interplay between