Research
A Study of Prevalence and Household Socio-Economic Determinants of Malnutrition among School Children in Mumbai Metropolitan Region
School children’s health status is related to future physical growth, intellectual capacity and income. But malnutrition at early stage among children affects on physical growth and intellectual capacity. Mumbai Metropolitan Region is most developed region of India. But the incidence of malnutrition among school children is higher in slums of region. The incidence of severe malnutrition among male is higher in Ghatkopar and among female, it is higher in Kalwa. Highest severe incidence of malnutrition is found among male and female of 6-8 age groups. The children of illiterate mothers have higher incidence of severe malnutrition. But the incidence of severe malnutrition among children is higher with father’s secondary education. The per capita income of the severe malnourished children is low. The logistic regression for female shows that the malnutrition is positively co-related to sex, purify water and it is negatively co-related to age, per capita income, per capita liters of water, bike and number of sons.
The Effect of Household Income and Heath Care Access on Youths Nutritional Status in Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Youths should have access to education, nutrition and health care. Educated and healthy youths help nation to develop fast. Mumbai Metropolitan Region is most developed region of India. But the prevalence of malnutrition is widely viewed across slums in region. The incidence of malnutrition is increasing with increase in age among youths. The parent’s lower educational achievement is a cause of malnutrition among youths. At lower household income, the incidence of malnutrition is higher but as the income increases the incidence of malnutrition declines among youths. The various asset holding is lower with malnourished youths of slums in region. Most of nutritious food is eaten by the youths but still prevalence of malnutrition is higher among youths. The logit model for youths is positively correlated to sex, water requirement, read newspaper and magazines, prenatal care. It is negatively co-related to car owned, contraceptives used, child care at home. The logit regression for female is positively correlated to sex, weekly water requirement, IUD, prenatal care. It is negatively co-related to known of nutrition, condom use, child care at home. The logit regression for male is positively co-related to private source of drinking water, weekly water requirement; purify drinking water, known nutrition, curd and vegetable consumption. It is negatively correlated to sex, pulses and fruits consumption. In order to reduce the incidence of malnutrition among youths, the state government and municipal corporations must provide infrastructural facilities in slums. Most of the slums are not provided sewage line, electricity, water supply and solid waste collection system etc. The water supply in slums is very important to reduce the water washed and water borne diseases. State government must provide vocational training to poor people of slums. Such skills will improve income and asset holdings. Youth need counseling related to good behavior, nutritious diet, examinations and
Child Malnutrition and Low Access to Health Care Facilities in Mumbai Metropolitan Region
The child malnutrition is widely viewed in slums of Mumbai Metropolitan Region. The incidence of underweight and stunting is higher among female as compare to male. The undernourishment among children is related to parent’s education and health status. Media exposure and health care access is low among women. Most of the women are working as unskilled labors in suburbs. Child care does not exist across the slums. The women have to keep children at home, relatives or neighbors. Most of the undernourished children have cough, cold, fever and diarrhea. But few children are treated in public health care facilities. The logistic regression shows that underweight among children is negatively co-related with age, mothers normal BMI, ANC and anganwadi food. Stunting is negatively co-related to age, mother’s secondary school, per capita income, ANC, normal delivery and anganwadi food.
