Research
Predictive value of fetal nuchal translucency in the screening of chromosomal aberrations
In search for specific early ultrasound signs that could indicate an increased risk of hereditary or acquired disorders of the fetus, scientific research confirms the value of exceptional ultrasound findings nuchal translucency (NT). The aim of the study was to determine the predictive value of the diameter of fetal NT in the detection chromosomopathy. The investigation included 317 pregnant women with monofetal pregnancies gestational age of 11 to 14 weeks. The control group consisted of pregnant women in whom amniocentesis was recognized after a neat result of fetal karyotype. We determined the limit of physiological and pathological findings of the value of NT, but we used the diameter of NT that we get in pregnant women with pathological score of amniocentesis as a potentially pathological values. Mean value of NT in the control group was 1.92 ± 0.39 mm, and the group with pathological findings karyotype fetus was 2.49 ± 0.37 mm, which is a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Mean value of distance issues coccyx in the control group was 64.83 ± 8.23 mm, and the group with pathological karyotype 60.12 ± 8.48 mm, gestational age in the control group was 7.10 ± 87.40 days, and pathologic 85.69 ± 3.98 days, which speaks of homogeneity of the investigated sample (p> 0.05).The probability that a patient with negative findings to be healthy is NT 1.0. NT sensitivity as a marker for chromosomopathy was 1.0. The rate of false positive findings of the 0.026. Specificity of NT as a marker for chromosomopathy is 0.97. The probability that a patient with positive findings NT really be sick is 0.5. Valid findings NT can be considered safe ultrasonographic markers in the assessment of absence chromosomopathy. Pathological finding, given the low positive predictive value of NT must be amended and other prenatal tests before pregnant invasive give advice on prenatal diagnosis.
Analysis of the Bacterial Vaginosis Predictive Significance In The Diagnosis of Inflammatory Processes in Female Pelvic Minor
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) occurs with the incidence of 100 - 200/ 100 000. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between serum proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ and the presence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) or Chlamydia infections (Chl) in women with symptoms of inflammatory processes in the pelvic minor. The study included fifty patients diagnosed with PID with the average age of 32 years. The results of this study reveal that women with bacterial vaginoses and PID level of IL- 1β in serum is increased, whereas in women with Chlamydial infection and PID serum level of IFN-γ is increased. The study showed that in patients with PID, in whom there was no diagnosis of BV and infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, the levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ are increased. The conclusion of this research points out to the importance of monitoring levels of cytokines in patients with homeostasis of vaginal flora disorders in the prevention of PID.
The diagnosis of gastroschisis in the first trimester of pregnancy in Serbia – a case report
Gastroschisis (gastroshisis) represents evisceration of the abdominal organs, most commonly small bowels, stomach and gonads through the front abdominal wall defect, almost always to the right of the umbilicus (90%) from which it is separated by thin skin bridge. The incidence of this anomaly is 0.5 to 4 in 10.000 liveborn babies. We presented a patient, age 27, who had the gastroschisis of the fetus in the 13th week of gestation diagnosed by ultrasound. Ultrasound examination is the method of choice for prenatal detection of fetal anomalies. By differential diagnosis, the possible existence of omphalocele should be eliminated using (2D, 3D) and power Doppler technology which significantly makes the assessment of gynecologist easier during establishment of the final diagnosis.
