Research
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Schistosomiasis in and Around Bakko Town, West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Schistosome are a treamatode, snail-born parasitic of circulatory system in domestic animals and man. Ruminants are usually infected with cercariae by active penetration of the unbroken skin. Schistosoma bovis is the main cause of cattle schistosomiasis and is common in marshy area. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to March 2016 in and around Bakko town of Oromia, Ethiopia to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine schistosomiasis. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 384 study animals and householders, whereas peasant associations (PA) were selected purposively focusing on those residing around Gibe River. Coprological examination with faecal sedimentation technique was used to recover the eggs of schistosoma. This revealed an overall prevalence of 22.92% (88/384) (95%CI: 18.71, 27.12). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the strength of association between predictor variables and the occurrence of schistosoma infection. Even though risk factors like sex, age, body condition score, months and origins were considered, only origin (p=0.000) and animals’ body condition score (p=0.001) were significantly associated with the occurrence of bovine schistosomiasis. Animals with medium and good body condition score were less likely to harbor Schistosoma bovis eggs than those with poor body conditions. This finding indicated that bovine schistosomiasis is one of the major livestock health problems which might be big limiter to livestock productivity in the study area. Therefore, further research should be conducted to obtain detailed information on its epidemiology for further control and prevention strategic development.
Prevalence of Bovine Cysticercosis and Status of Human Taeniasis in and around Asella Town, Tiyo Woreda, South East Ethiopia
Background: Bovine cysticercosis and human taeniasis is an important parasitic disease and more common in developing countries including Ethiopia where meat is an important component of human diet and traditionally consumed raw on several occasions. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 at Asella municipal abattoir in Arsi zone of Oromia to determine prevalence of bovine cysticercosis and status of human taeniasis with its associated risk factors around Asella town. Routine meat inspection method and questionnaire survey were performed for this study. Result: From the total of 430 carcass inspected, 5(1.2%) were positive for bovine cysticercosis. The statistical analysis revealed that risk factors like sex, breed, body condition and ages are not associated with the prevalence of cysticercosis. The questionnaire survey showed that 44.3% of total respondents were infested with Taenia saginata at least once in their life time and out of these positive respondents 32% and 6.7% become positive only before and after 2000 E.C respectively, while 5.6 % wereinfested many times. A statistical analysis showed that human taeniasis prevalence is significantly different (p<0.05) among the categories of the considered risk factors like: residence area, age, sex, raw meat consumption, education and occupational status. Religiondifference was not a problem for Taeniasis prevalence distribution. Conclusion: In general, the current study revealed that the presence of bovine cysticercosis was small but it’s still a public health hazard in the study area which needs increased awareness about the health impact of taenisis.
