Research
Prediction of Impacts on Public Health: Analysis of Environmental Impact Reports Submitted to IBAMA (2012-2022)
This article, of an analytical and exploratory nature, aimed to evaluate the frequency of the "impacts on public health" component in the Environmental Impact Reports (EIR) submitted to the Brazilian Institute of the Environment (IBAMA) to obtain environmental licenses. To meet this objective, we made a random selection of RIMA submitted to IBAMA to obtain environmental licensing between the years 2012 and 2022, regardless of the type of project, totaling 10 RIMA analyzed. When reviewing the RIMA, the documents were read in full. We then sought to identify in the RIMA (1) the inclusion of "Impacts on Public Health" and associated risks, (2) the adoption of some type of methodological tool for health impact assessment (AIS) and (3) the incorporation of a health professional in the technical team that prepared the RIMA. The results point to (1) a pattern of absence of health impact assessment methodologies clearly identified in the RIMA, (2) the Terms of Reference themselves are vague regarding the criteria involving impacts on human health that guide the EIA-RIMA, (3) there is a systematic absence of professionals in the areas of Health Sciences in teams that produce EIA-RIMA.
Reflections on the Environment and the Way of Life of Brazilian Artisanal Fishermen
Extractive Reserves are territorial spaces in Brazil created by Law No. 9,985/2000 with the objective of protecting the livelihoods and culture of traditional Brazilian extractivist populations, as well as ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources in these areas. The recipients of this protection are artisanal fishermen, who inhabit the Brazilian coast and depend on fishing resources to survive. It so happens that this protection is questioned, given the problems that threaten these populations, such as disorderly fishing, pollution, tourism, in addition to the absence of public policies for them. In order to analyze the Jequiá Lagoon Marine Extractive Reserve as a form of protection for artisanal fishermen, a descriptive and exploratory study was developed, of a qualitative nature, with the artisanal fishermen of this conservation unit.
