Research
Inadéquations Éducatives Et Transition Vers Le Marché Du Travail Au Cameroun
Along with labor market rigidity and barriers to occupational mobility, educational mismatch is one of the most costly factors in labor markets. The relationship between educational mismatch and the labor market is increasingly a major concern of education and labor economists. This phenomenon, which was once evident in developed countries, is now more evident in developing countries, particularly in Cameroon. It is in light of this disturbing reality that this study seeks to understand the effect of educational mismatches on the transition of graduates to the labor market in Cameroon. Thus, we apply the "Competing risk regression" method to data from the fourth Cameroonian Household Survey (ECAM IV). The general result of this analysis is that mismatch risks increase the duration of unemployment, i.e., they negatively impact the transition of graduates to the labor market. Taking into account the endogeneity of mismatches, the econometric results show that educational mismatch risks increase the duration of unemployment.
Educational Mismatches and Labor Market Impact in Cameroon
The objective of this study is to capture the effect of educational mismatches on earnings in Cameroon. Based on data from the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM IV), this study uses the IV-2SLS estimation method proposed by Wooldridge (2010) to correct for both sample selection and endogeneity issues. At the descriptive level, the results show that 63.3% and 27.6% of graduates are overeducated and horizontally maladjusted, respectively. Also, 45.95% and 19.77% of the workers are respectively in single mismatch (vertical or horizontal mismatch only) and double mismatch. Econometrically, the results reveal that vertical mismatch tends to reduce the wage by 0.39%; horizontal mismatch by 0.4% and double mismatch by 0.41%. We find that, although the difference is small, horizontal mismatch has a more negative impact on earnings in the Cameroon market than vertical mismatch. Moreover, workers with both types of mismatch suffer more from the wage penalty than those with only one form of educational mismatch.
