Research
Prevalence and Public Health Importance of Cystcercus.bovis from Cattle Slaughtered in Mekelle Municipal Abattoir, Tigray, Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to March 2016 to estimate the prevalence of Cysticercosis, to investigate prevalence and rate C.bovis infection with in different risk factors and to determine the distribution and viability of cysts in organs of animals slaughtered in Mekelle municipal abattoir. Ante-mortem and postmortem examination based on the standard and routine procedure were performed on randomly selected apparently healthy cattle brought for slaughter during period of the study. Of the total 312 inspected animals, 21 animals were found infected with C. bovis distributed in different anatomical structures with an overall prevalence of 6.7% (21/312). Even though there is no statistical significant difference among different ages groups, sex, breed and body condition score of the animals, the prevalence was roughly varied. Relatively higher prevalence of infection was found in adult 15(71.4%) than that of old 6 (28.6%). Generally prevalence of Cysticercos is bovis was prominent in males 20(95.2) unlike female animals 1(4.8). About 269(86.2 %) examined animals were local breed with considerably higher prevalence 20(95.2%). Based on body condition score, reasonably greater prevalence was found in good body condition animals 10(47.6) followed by 8(38.1) and 3(14.3) in medium and poor conditioned animals, respectively. Noticeably higher number 234(75%) of cattle slaughtered in Mekelle abattoir came from highland area with fairly increased prevalence 15(71.4%). Moderately higher rate of infection was recorded within old cattle 8.8% (6/68) compare to adult animals 6.15 %( 15/244). Regarding cyst locations, out of the total 21 cattle positive for C. bovis, carcasses of 12 cattle were having the cysts at one site only and 9 at more than one site. More cysts were encountered in tongue. From a total of 21 identified cyst positive carcasess 6 were containeda viable cyst. The overall findings of this study indicated the importance of C
Bacteriological Quality Assessment of Raw Milk and Cheese in Selected Woreda of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was carried out at Wolaita Sodo district from May 2013 to November 2014 with the aim to evaluate the bacteriological quality and to isolate and identify common milk borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella species) from raw cow milk and cheese collected in market, restaurant and cafeteria.Milk quality related practice was also assessed by direct observation and questionnaire survey. A total of 56 raw milk and 40 cheese samples were collected in cafeterias / restaurants and from market. The result revealed that 43(76.7%) were poor quality milk with a total aerobic bacterial count more than 5x105CFU/ml and only 13(23.3%) moderate or acceptable milk which have an estimated total aerobic bacterial count of below 5x105CFU/ml. The mean total bacterial count and mean of coliforms count was significantly higher (P<0.05) in raw milk collected from market point than from cafeteria / restaurant. The maximum and minimum total aerobic bacterial counts from study area were 8.00log10CFU/ml and 5.00 log10CFU/ml, and coliform counts were 7.10 log10CFU/ml and 4.23 log10CFU/ml respectively. The mean coliforms and total aerobic bacterial count were significant (P<0.05) from different sampling point. The overall mean of total aerobic bacterial count and coliform count in cheese sample was 5.38log10CFU/ml and 5.58 log10CFU respectively. The bacteriological analysis revealed that 73.5% and 70% Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in raw milk and cheese respectively. A total 55.2% and 42.5% Escherichia coli and 42.9% and 30% Salmonella species were found in raw milk and cheese sample respectively.
