Dr. Pugazhendhi Dandapani

Sanga Ilakkiyam (Tamil), Rig Veda, Mahabharata (Sanskrit), Old Testament (Hebrew) Egyptian hieroglyphs and Greek ἄρχον (Achilles, Osiris, Bhishma and Karikalan)

Tamil Silappathikaram and the Greek Argonautica and Medea – Comparative Literary Mythological Studies on Characterising and the Philosophy of Fate and Chastity

Epics Argonautica and Medea were written in the Greek language a nd the epic Silappathikaram was written in the Tamil language. Even though these epics were written in two different languages, both mention the Kingdom of Pandion. More than that, the epics in both these languages exhibit heroism, one in a pair, proficiency of music, extreme affection for husband and the theory of fate and chastity. Above all, they also mention about their foreign trade contacts. The Greek myth mentioned about the lack of clarity in the sorrow happenings and it authorised the house of the God which is not understandable. The Tamil philosophy mentions that according to the action of the individual he or she gets happiness or sorrow. So the reason for the sorrow is not in the hands of the God as in Greek, but with the human being oneself.

The Ancient Sea Trade of the Hebrews with Tamil Nadu, India with Reference to the Biblical Word ‘Thukkiyyim’ [Peacock]

A living thing called ‘thukkiyyim’ is mentioned in the Hebrew bible which was imported from the foreign land through sea. There are some difference of opinion in the translation of this word and some of them translated this word as parrot and others as peacock. The peacock is a bird named for its colourful long feathers that lives in India. Besides Sanskrit and Tamil are the two classical languages of India. The scholars have difference of opinion between these two languages in the origin of the word ‘thukkiyyim’. Some of them finalized that it is derived from the Tamil word Thogai means hanging tail. In recent times, in the European languages this bird is called as peacock. The etymologist has mentioned that the word peacock is derived from the middle English language, from the pe- that is from Old English pēa. But in Tamil the feathers of the peacock were called as pēle. This has resemblance with the Hebrew word יאלִ פֶ֛ ׃ pē-le means wonderful as the feathers of the peacock is also wonderful. It clearly shows the root of the English word peacock is nothing but the Hebrew word יאלִ פֶ֛ ׃ pē-le with reference to the Tamil language of Tamil Nadu from where the peacock was exported to Hebrew land. The reason for importing of peacock has no references in Hebrew text but has evidences in Tamil text.