Research
Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate on Maritime Sector Performance in Enhancing Economic Growth in Kenya
Maritime transport remains backbone of globalized trade and manufacturing supply chain, as more than 80% of world merchandise trade by volume is carried by sea. Maritime transport in Kenya takes care of 90% of Kenya’s international trade by volume. The objective of this study was to establish effect of labor productivity on maritime sector performance in enhancing economic growth in Kenya. Target population was Kenya Ports Authority and Kenya Ferry Services while Kenya Maritime Authority coordinated implementation of policies relating to maritime affairs. The study was guided by the Solow growth model and the production theory. The study adopted explanatory research design employing panel data using data on annual basis over the period 2000-2019. Simple Linear Regression and GMM Models were utilized. Using STATA 13.0 and applying Simple Regression model, results indicated that coefficient of foreign exchange rate was 3.5694 which was positive and significant at 5% level, , implying every one percent increase in coefficient of foreign exchange rate, output increased by 3.5694%.
Feasibility of the Proposed Monetary Union in East African Community: Generalized Method of Moments Approach
This study examined the suitability of Theory of Optimum Currency as a basis for feasibility of proposed monetary union in East African Community (EAC) countries; Uganda, Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania. The study sought to determine symmetry of; monetary shocks; inflation rates; fiscal deficit, public debt, real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and degree of openness. Exploratory was used employing panel data covering 2000Q1-2016Q4. Generalized Method of Moments approach was utilized. Results showed convergence in the real exchange rate was statistically significant and negative implying formation of a monetary union reduced combined GDP. Policy makers in EAC countries could concentrate in adapting unfulfilled macroeconomic convergence criteria and strengthening cooperation in monetary policy co-ordinations.
