A Study of Single and Combined Cytotoxic Effects of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin a on Human Mononuclear Blood Cells using Different Cytotoxic Methods

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Mwanza Mulunda
Mwanza Mulunda
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§ North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa

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A Study of Single and Combined Cytotoxic Effects of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin a on Human Mononuclear Blood Cells using Different Cytotoxic Methods

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Abstract

Several studies on cereals destined for animal or human consumption in South Africa and Africa have shown co-contaminations of mycotoxins. There is evidence to suggest that the simultaneous action of different mycotoxins at various concentrations might have synergistic, inhibitive or additive effects on human and animal cells. The aims of this study were to identify combined cytotoxic effects of three of the more commonly occurring mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA)) found in South African and other feeds using the methyl thiazoltetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity assay, the Comet assay and Flow Cytometry to detect apoptotic and necrotic cells after exposure to the three toxins. Human mononuclear blood cells (mononucleocytes) were exposed to the three mycotoxins both singularly and in combinations at two concentrations (5 and 40ng/ml for OTA and AFB1 and 5 and 40μg/ml for FB1) and at different exposure time of 12, 24 and 48Hours. Results obtained showed cell viability variations dependent on mycotoxin concentrations and time of exposure. In addition, synergistic effects were also observed at the higher doses of 40ng for OTA and AFB1) and 40μg/ml for FB1 of the three mycotoxins compared to combinations of lower doses.

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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How to Cite This Article

Mwanza Mulunda. 2014. "A Study of Single and Combined Cytotoxic Effects of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin a on Human Mononuclear Blood Cells using Different Cytotoxic Methods". Global Journal of Medical Research, Global Journal of Medical Research - B: Pharma, Drug Discovery, Toxicology & Medicine GJMR-B Volume 14 (GJMR Volume 14 Issue B2).

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjmr

Print ISSN 0975-5888

e-ISSN 2249-4618

Keywords
additiveaflatoxin b1carcinogeniccytotoxicityfumonisin b1mononucleocytesmycototoxinsochratoxin asynergism
Classification
GJMR-B Classification NLMC Code: QV 701
QV 600
  • Submission ReceivedDecember 16, 2013
  • Peer Review Double Blind
    Handling Editor
  • Accepted January 4, 2014
  • Published January 15, 2014
Version of record

v1.2

Issue date
June 3, 2014

Language
English
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A Study of Single and Combined Cytotoxic Effects of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin a on Human Mononuclear Blood Cells using Different Cytotoxic Methods

North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa
Mwanza Mulunda
Mwanza Mulunda
  • Submission ReceivedDecember 16, 2013
  • Peer Review Double Blind
    Handling Editor
  • Accepted January 4, 2014
  • Published January 15, 2014