Appraisal of Sediment Load in Rainfed Areas of Pothwar Region in Pakistan

Muhammad Afzal; Zakaullah; Muhammad Azmat

Appraisal of Sediment Load in Rainfed Areas of Pothwar Region in Pakistan

Muhammad Afzal * §

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Zakaullah

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Muhammad Azmat

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UET Lahore

Appraisal of Sediment Load in Rainfed Areas of Pothwar Region in Pakistan

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Abstract

Inadequate watershed management, natural, and man induced erosion of soils in the barani areas have threatened the sustainability of soil and water resources. In this study, sediment loads in the main streams passing through rainfed areas of the Pothwar region has been estimated for verifying the impacts of projects being implemented for agricultural development in the regions, especially the construction of small dams. The study has been carried out in three major basins namely Soan, Kanshi and Haro of Pothwar region. The daily discharge, sediment and rainfall data for the period 1982-2004 were analyzed and correlated accordingly. The sediment load has increased with the increase of river flow and vice versa. The unit rate of sediment yield decreased as the drainage area increased. Moreover, the observed sediment concentrations were low in low rainfall areas (Dhok Pathan) and high in areas fall under high rainfall zone (Chirah and Rawalpindi). Generally, the sediment concentration was low during January to June (low rainfall) and high during months of October to December (high rainfall). The study concluded that sediment load beyond sustainable limits can affect the land and water resources negatively which can be identified by exploring basin hydrology and predicting sediment load as well as mitigating potential threats through application of computer simulation model.

References

19 Cites in Article

Reference Format

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Muhammad Afzal, Zakaullah, Muhammad Azmat. 2015. "Appraisal of Sediment Load in Rainfed Areas of Pothwar Region in Pakistan". Global Journal of Research in Engineering, Global Journal of Research in Engineering - J: General Engineering GJRE-J Volume 14 (GJRE Volume 14 Issue J6).

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GJRE Volume 14 Issue J6

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjre

Print ISSN 0975-5861

e-ISSN 2249-4596

Keywords

pothwar sediment Watershed

Classification

GJRE-J Classification FOR Code: 091599

Submission ReceivedDecember 10, 2013
Peer Review Double Blind
Handling Editor
Accepted January 4, 2014
Published January 15, 2014

Version of record

v1.2

Issue date

January 6, 2015

Language

English

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Article Matrices

Total Score: 105

Country: Pakistan

Subject: Global Journal of Research in Engineering

Authors: Zakaullah, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Yaseen, Khalida Khan (PhD/Dr. count: 0)

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