Chromosomes and Cytogenetics of Trematodes

Tanveer A. Sofi
Tanveer A. Sofi * §
Contact
§ Kashmir University

Send Message

To: Author

Chromosomes and Cytogenetics of Trematodes

Article Fingerprint

ReserarchID

MRXWI78

Chromosomes and Cytogenetics of Trematodes Banner

AI TAKEAWAY

Connecting with the Eternal Ground
Access Review Comments
  • English
  • Afrikaans
  • Albanian
  • Amharic
  • Arabic
  • Armenian
  • Azerbaijani
  • Basque
  • Belarusian
  • Bengali
  • Bosnian
  • Bulgarian
  • Catalan
  • Cebuano
  • Chichewa
  • Chinese (Simplified)
  • Chinese (Traditional)
  • Corsican
  • Croatian
  • Czech
  • Danish
  • Dutch
  • Esperanto
  • Estonian
  • Filipino
  • Finnish
  • French
  • Frisian
  • Galician
  • Georgian
  • German
  • Greek
  • Gujarati
  • Haitian Creole
  • Hausa
  • Hawaiian
  • Hebrew
  • Hindi
  • Hmong
  • Hungarian
  • Icelandic
  • Igbo
  • Indonesian
  • Irish
  • Italian
  • Japanese
  • Javanese
  • Kannada
  • Kazakh
  • Khmer
  • Korean
  • Kurdish (Kurmanji)
  • Kyrgyz
  • Lao
  • Latin
  • Latvian
  • Lithuanian
  • Luxembourgish
  • Macedonian
  • Malagasy
  • Malay
  • Malayalam
  • Maltese
  • Maori
  • Marathi
  • Mongolian
  • Myanmar (Burmese)
  • Nepali
  • Norwegian
  • Pashto
  • Persian
  • Polish
  • Portuguese
  • Punjabi
  • Romanian
  • Russian
  • Samoan
  • Scots Gaelic
  • Serbian
  • Sesotho
  • Shona
  • Sindhi
  • Sinhala
  • Slovak
  • Slovenian
  • Somali
  • Spanish
  • Sundanese
  • Swahili
  • Swedish
  • Tajik
  • Tamil
  • Telugu
  • Thai
  • Turkish
  • Ukrainian
  • Urdu
  • Uzbek
  • Vietnamese
  • Welsh
  • Xhosa
  • Yiddish
  • Yoruba
  • Zulu
Font Type
Font Size
Font Size
Bedground

Abstract

Here we review the literature from 1902 to 2015 and the current status of knowledge of the chromosomes and cytogenetics within the family species of trematodes. Karyological data are discussed and tabulated for 278 species of trematodes. Numerous species of trematodes points towards the continued efforts in this field of research. The present study also revealed new data on chromosome complements of diplozoid parasites, namely Diplozoon Kashmirensis Kaw, 1950 from Schizothorax esocinus; Diplozoon aegyptensis Fischthal et Kuntz, 1963 from Schizothorax plagiostomum; Diplozoon guptai Fayaz and Chishti, 1999 from Schizothorax curvifrons and one digenean i.e., Clinostomum schizothoraxi Kaw, 1950 from S. curvifrons which included one metacentric (no. 1); two submetacentric (no.s 2 and 3); three subtelocentric (no.s 4; 5 and 6) and four acrocentric (no.s 7, 8; 9 and 10) chromosome pairs. All the three species of Diplozoon species are characterized by the same number of chromosomes i.e., 2n=14 in which D. kashmirensis is characterized by seven pairs of long (up to 14.13 Ξm) chromosomes and all chromosome pairs are acrocentric.

References

192 Cites in Article
  1. Takeshi Agatsuma,Shigehisa Habe (1985). Electrophoretic studies on enzymes of diploid and triploid <i>paragonimus westermani</i>.
  2. O Aleksandrova,G Podgornova (1978). Taxonomic analysis of Pegosomum asperum and Pegosomum saginatum (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  3. М Anderson (1933). Gametogenesis in the Primary Generation of a Digenetic Trematode, Proterometra macrostoma Horsfall, 1933.
  4. K Atkinson (1980). Chromosome analysis of Schistosoma rodhaini (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae).
  5. A Avenant-Oldewage,L Le Roux,S Mashego,B Jansen Van Vuuren (2014). Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) from Labeobarbus aeneus (Cyprinidae) in the Vaal River, South Africa.
  6. J Baer,L Euzet (1961). Classe des Monogenes, Monogenoidea Bychowsky.
  7. J Barsiene,G Stanyavichyute (1993). Karyotypes of Trichobilharzia szidati and Bilharzieha polvnicu (Schistosomatidae, Trematoda).
  8. J Barsiene (1899). Chromosome sets of trematodes Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Ejsmont, 1932) and Cathemasia hians (Rudolphi, 1809) Looss.
  9. J Barsiene (1991). Karyological studies of trematodes within genus Echinoparyphium (Echinostomatidae).
  10. J Barsiene (1932). Karyotypes of Paramphistomum sp., Cathaemasia hians (Rudolphi, 1809) Looss, 1899, Sphaeridiotrema globulus (Rudolphi, 1819) and Azygia lucii (Szidat.
  11. J Barsiene (1991). Chromosome sets of Tylodelphys clavata, Tylodelphys excavata and Posthodiplostomum cuticola (Diplostomatidae, Trematoda) from freshwater snails Angew.
  12. J Barsiene (1992). The chromosome set of Apatemon minor and Apatemon sp. (Trematoda) with description of tetraploid embryos.
  13. J Barsiene (1993). KARYOTYPES AND MEIOSIS OF PHASDLODINAE, ZAPROCHILINAE AND AUSTROSAGINAE.
  14. J Barsiene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1988). A comparative study on chromosomes in plagiorchiid trematodes. I. Karyotypes of Opisthioglyphe ranae (Frolich, 1791), Haplometra cylindracea (Zeder, 1800) and Leptophallus nigrovenosus (Belingham, 1844).
  15. J Barsiene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1899). A comparative study on chromosomes in plagiorchiid trematodes. II. Karyotypes of Plagriorchis sp., Haematoloechus similis Looss, 1899, and Haematoloechus asper Looss.
  16. J Barsiene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1991). a. A comparative study on chromosomes in plagiorchiid trematodes. III. Karyotypes of Paralepoderma progeneticum (Buttner, 1951) and Omphalometra flexuosum (Rudolphi, 1809).
  17. J Barsiene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1991). Chromosome sets of Diplodiscus subclavatus (Pallas, 1760) and Notocotylus noyeri Joyeux, 1922 (Trematoda).
  18. J Barsiene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1991). Karyotypes of Pleurogenes claviger (Rudolphi, 1819) and Pleurogenoides medians (Olsson, 1876) (Trematoda, Pleurogenidae).
  19. J Barsiene,V Kise1iene (1782). Karyological studies of Echinoparyphium aconiatum.
  20. Dietz (1909). Neoacanthoparyphium echinatoides (Filippi, 1854) Odening, 1962 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  21. J Barsiene,V Kiseliene (1990). Karyological studies of trematodes within the families Psilostomidae and Echinochasmidae.
  22. J Barsiene,V Kiseliene (1991). Karyological studies of trematodes within the genus Echinostoma.
  23. J Barsiene,G Staneviciute (1991). A comparative karyological study of trematodes within the genus Diplostomum.
  24. J Barsiene,G Stanyavichyute,O Oriovskaya (1989). Karyological investigations on trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae in North-West Chukotka.
  25. J Barsiene,V Kiseliene,B Grabda-Kazubska (1990). Karyotypes of Isthmiophora melis (Schrank, 1788) and Moliniella anceps (Molin, 1858) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  26. J Barsiene,V Roca,G Tapia,J Martin (1995). Chromosome Analysis of Two Digenean Species of the Families Heterophyidae and Monorchiidae (Trematoda).
  27. J Barsiene,G Staneviciute,K Niewiadomska,V Kiseliene (1937). Chromosome sets of Diplostomum paracaudum (Lies, 1959) Shigin 1977 and Diplostomum baeri (Dubois.
  28. P Barton (1960). Gametogenesis and fertilization in the frog lung fluke, Haematoloechus medioplexus Stafford (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae).
  29. Andrew Bell,C Sommerville,D Gibson (1809). Karyological studies on three strigeid digeneans: Ichthyocotylurus erraticus (Rudolphi, 1809), I. variegatus (Creplin, 1825) and Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819).
  30. Variegatus Creplin, 1825) and Apatemon gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819).
  31. M Benazzi,G Benazzi-Lentati (1976). Platyhelminthes.
  32. V Birstein (1990). First contribution to karyology of two acoels (Turbellaria) and a dinophilid (Annelida).
  33. V Birstein,N Mikhailova (1990). Prosobranchia).
  34. D Blair (2000). Genomes of Paragonimus westermani and related species: current state of knowledge.
  35. Jacques Bovet (1832). Contribution à la morphologie et à la biologie de diplozoon paradoxum V.Nordmann, 1832.
  36. H Britt (1947). Chromosomes of Digenetic Trematodes.
  37. Paul Burton (1960). Gametogenesis and fertilization in the frog lung fluke, Haematoloechus medioplexus Stafford (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae).
  38. J Cable,P Harris (2002). Gyrodactylid developmental biology: historical review, current status and future trends.
  39. R Cable (1931). Studies on the germ-cell cycle of Cryptocotyle linqua Creplin. I. Gametogenesis in the adult.
  40. R Cable (1974). Phylogeny and taxonomy of the trematodes with reference to marine species.
  41. L Cannon (1971). The life cycles of Bunodera sacculata and Bunodera luciopercae (Trematoda: Allocreadidae) in Algonquin Park, Ontario.
  42. I Chattopadhyay,Buddhadeb Manna (1987). Chromosome study of <i>Isoparorchis hypselobagri</i> Billet, 1898 (Digenea: Hemiuridae).
  43. P Chen (1937). The germ cell cycle in the trematode, Paragonimus kellicotti Ward.
  44. H Churchill (1950). Germ cell cycle of Echinostoma revolutum (Froelich, 1802).
  45. Honorico Ciordia (1949). Cytological Study of Rhopalias macracanthus Chandler, 1932, a Trematode from the Opossum, Didelphis virginiana.
  46. Honorico Ciordia (1950). The Chromosomes of Notocotylus filamentis Barker, 1915, a Monostome from the Muskrat (Fiber zibethicus).
  47. H Ciordia (1956). Cytological studies on the germ cell cycle of the trematode family Bucephalidae.
  48. K Civanova,M Koyun,B Koubkova (2013). The molecular and morphometrical description of a new diplozoid species from the gills of the Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) (Cyprinidae) from Turkeyincluding a commentary on taxonomic division of Diplozoidae.
  49. X Dai (1990). Karyotype analysis of Fasciolopsis buski.
  50. V DhaÐģ,G Sharma (1984). Behaviour of chromosomes during gametogenesis and fertilization in Paradistomoides orientalis (Digenea: Trematoda).
  51. O Dhingra (1954). Taxonomic values of chromosomes and cytoplasmic inclusions in a digenetic trematode-Phyllodistomum spatula.
  52. O Dhingra (1954). Gametogenesis and fertilization in Isoparorchis eurytremum.
  53. O Dhingra (1955). Spermatogenesis of a digenetic trematode Gastrothylax cruminifer.
  54. O Dhingra (1955). Spermatogenesis of a digenetic trematode Cotylophoron elongatum.
  55. M Dingler (1910). Uber die Spermatogeneso des Dicrocoelium lanceolatum.
  56. E Fi ; IppÐūne,B Fried (1974). The chromosome number of Leucochloridiomorpha constantiae (Trematoda).
  57. Bernard Fried,Lawrence Penner (1975). Exposure of Chicks to the Metacercaria of Philophthalmus hegeneri Penner and Fried, 1963.
  58. L Gao (1985). Observation of meiosis of Fasciolopsis buski.
  59. Q Gao,M Chen,W Yao,Y Gao,Y Song,G Wang,M Wang,P Nie (2007). Phylogeny of diplozoids in five genera of the subfamily Diplozoinae Palombi, 1949 as inferred from ITS-2 rDNA sequences.
  60. Gaolongsheng,Youshaoyang,Chenshanlong,Yuhaisin,Wumengjin Xiaojianhua (1985). Studies on the karyotype of Schistosoma japonicum.
  61. R Goldschmidt (1905). Eireifung und Befruchtung und Embryonalentwicklung des Zoogonus minis Lss.
  62. R Goldschmidt (1908). Uber das Verhalten des Chromatins bei der Eireifung und Befruchtung des Dicrocoelium lanceolatum.
  63. V Gregoire (1909). La reduction dans le Zoogonus mirus Lss.
  64. R Gresson (1964). Oogenesis in the hermaphroditic digenea (Trematoda).
  65. R GressÐūn (1958). The gametogenesis of the digenetic trematode <i>Sphaerostoma bramae</i> (MÞller) LÞhe.
  66. A Grossman,G Cain (1981). Karyotypes and chromosome morphologies of Megalodiscus temperatus and Philophthalmus gralli.
  67. A Grossman,R Mckenzie,G Cain (1980). Sex chromatin in Schistosoma mansoni.
  68. Abraham Grossman,Robert Short,George Cain (1981). Karyotype evolution and sex chromosome differentiation in schistosomes (Trematoda, Schistosomatidae).
  69. A Grossman,R Short,R Kuntz (1981). Somatic chromosomes of Schistosoma rodhaini, Schistosoma matthei and Schistosoma intercalatum.
  70. H Guilford (1955). Gametogenesis in Heronimus chelydrae.
  71. Harry Guilford (1961). Gametogenesis, Egg-Capsule Formation, and Early Miracidial Development in the Digenetic Trematode Halipegus eccentricus Thomas.
  72. A Gustinelli,M Caffara,D Florio,E Otachi,E Wathuta,M Fioravanti (2010). First description of the adult stage of Clinostomum cutaneum Paperna, 1964 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) from grey herons Ardea cinerea L. and a redescription of the metacercaria from the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (L.) in Kenya.
  73. P Harris (1985). Observations on the development of the male reproductive system in <i>Gyrodactylus gasterostei</i> GlÃĪser, 1974 (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae).
  74. Helian-Yin,Zhong Hui-Lan,Gao Pei-Zhi,Haohong Lli,Xu Zhi-Biao (1982). Preliminary studies on chromosomes of 9 species and subspecies of lung fluke in China.
  75. L Henneguy (1902). Sur la Formation de l'CEuf, la Maturation et la Fecondation de l'Oocyte chez lo Distomum hepaticum.
  76. H Hirai,Y Sakaguchi,S Habe,H Imai (1985). C-banding analysis of six species of lung flukes,Paragonimus spp. (Trematoda: Platyhelminthes), from Japan and Korea.
  77. H Ieyma,F Оzаki (1987). Chromosomes of two species in Cercaria parasitized on the clam, Ruditapes philippinarum.
  78. A Iha (1975). Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Trematoda (Digenea): Adults.
  79. A Jones (1956). The chromosomes of a species of Halipegus Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Hemiuridae).
  80. A Jones,ÐĒ Mayer (1953). The chromosomes of Spirorchis magnitestis Byrd, 1939 (Trematoda, Digenea).
  81. Arthur Jones,Billy Mounts,Gordon Wolcott (1945). Macravestibulum kepneri N. SP.; A morphological and cytological study of a pronocephalid trematode.
  82. W Kaewkong,K Imtawil,W Maleewong,P Intapan,P Sri-Aroon,S Wongkham (2012). Genome size estimation of liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini by real-time polymerase chain reaction based method.
  83. Galilam. Khalil,R Cable (1968). Germinal development in Philophthalmus megalurus (Cort, 1914) (Trematoda: Digenea).
  84. I Khotenovsky (1985). Fauna of the USSR.
  85. C Komalamisra (2005). Chromosomes and Chromosome Breakage in the Lung Fluke, Paragonimus heterotremus.
  86. Y Koroleva (1968). Karyological study on several species of Monogenea of the genus Diplozoon.
  87. Y Koroleva (1968). New data on karyology of some species of the genus Diplozoon.
  88. Y Koroleva (1969). Karyology of some species of Diplozoon.
  89. E Koskova,M Spakulova,B Koubkova,M Reblanova,M Orosova (2011). Comparative karyological analysis of four diplozoid species (Monogenea, Diplozoidae), gill parasites of cyprinid fishes.
  90. E Koskova,M Spakulova,B Koubkova,M Reblanova,M Orosova (2011). Comparative karyological analysis of four diplozoid species (Monogenea, Diplozoidae), gill parasites of cyprinid fishes.
  91. Lei Changqiu,Wang Pengpeng,Song Changeun (1962). Preliminary studies on the karyotype of Euparagonimus cenocopiosus Chen.
  92. Albert Levan,Karl Fredga,Avery Sandberg (1964). NOMENCLATURE FOR CENTROMERIC POSITION ON CHROMOSOMES.
  93. G Li,J Jin,P Wang (1988). A study on the chromosomes of Fasciola hepatica.
  94. T Lin (1954). The chromosomal cycle in Parascaris equorum: oogenesis and diminution.
  95. P Loverde (1978). Genetics of parasitic helminths: recent progress and future directions.
  96. Philip Loverde (1979). Chromosomes of Two Species of Paragonimus.
  97. P Loverde,D Frederickse (1978). The Chromosomes of Cotylogaster occidentalis and Cotylaspis insignis (Trematoda: Aspidogastrea) with Evolutionary Considerations.
  98. P Loverde,R Kuntz (1981). Chromosome numbers of some Schistosomes.
  99. R Madhavi,J Ramanjaneulu (1986). Observation on chromosomes and gametogenesis of Transversotrema patialense (Trematoda).
  100. R Madhavi,J Ramanjaneyulu (1988). Chromosomes of<i>Atrophecaecum Burminis</i>(Bhalerao, 1926) (Trematoda: Acanthostomidae).
  101. E Markell (1943). Gametogenesis and egg-shell formation in Probolitrema californiense Stunkard, 1935 (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae).
  102. I Matejusova,B Koubkova,C Cunningham,Matthieson (1904). Identification of European diplozoids (Monogenea, Diplozoinae) by restriction digestion of ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer.
  103. I Miyazaki,; Moriyama,Moriyama (1978). Two types of the lung fluke which has been called Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878).
  104. N Moriyama,M Tsuji,T Seto (1979). Three karyotypes and their phenotypes of Japanese liver flukes (Fasciola sp).
  105. T Mutafova,I Kanev (1983). Studies on the karyotype of the echinostome Echinostoma barbosai Lie et Basch, 1966 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from Bulgaria.
  106. T Mutafova,I Kanev (1984). Studies on the karyotype of Echinoparyphium aconiatum Diez, 1909 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  107. T Mutafova,I Kanev,Mutafova (1901). Studies on the karyotype of Echinostoma revolutum (Frolich, 1802) and Echinostoma echinatum (Zeder, 1803) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  108. T Mutafova,I Kanev (1996). Cytological study of Rubenstrema exasperatum (Trematoda: Omphalometridae).
  109. T Mutafova,S Komandarev (1976). On the karyotpe of a laboratory Trichinella strain from Bulgaria.
  110. T Mutafova,K Niewiadomska (1988). The morphology of chromosomes of Diplostomum pseudospathaceum Niewiadomska, 1984 (Diplostomidae) karyotype.
  111. T Mutafova,I Kanev,I Vassilev (1873). Echinoparyphium aconiatum.
  112. Dietz (1909). Trematoda: Echinosomatidae).
  113. T Mutafova,N Tsocheva,O Polyakova-Krsteva,L Krstev (1986). Effect of diethylnitrosamin on the chromosome structure of rats infected with Fasciola hepatica and on that of the liver fluke.
  114. Song Niyamasena (1940). Chromosomen und Geschlecht bei Bilharzia Mansoni.
  115. Gab-Man Park,Kyung-Il Im,Sun Huh,Tai-Soon Yong (1998). Chromosomes of the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis.
  116. M Park,S Yong (2003). Effects of gammairradiation on the infectivity and chromosome aberration of Clonorchis sinensis.
  117. W Pengpeng,L Changqui,S Changeun (1986). Karyotype studies on Paragonimus westermani from Shaoxing County, Zhejiang.
  118. M Pennypacker (1936). The chromosomes in the maturation of the germ cells of the frog lung fluke, Pneumonoeces medioplexus.
  119. M Pennypacker (1940). The chromosomes and extranuclear material in the maturing germ cells of a frog lung-fluke, Pneumonoeces similiplexus Stafford.
  120. Kenneth Perkins (1956). Studies on the Morphology and Biology of Acetodextra amiuri (Stafford) (Trematoda: Heterophyidae).
  121. R Petkeviciute (2003). Comparative karyological analysis of three species of Bothriocephalus Rudolphi 1808 (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea).
  122. R Petkeviciute,J Barsiene (1988). The comparative karyological analysis of three species of trematodes of genus Notocotylus.
  123. R Petkeviciute,E Leshko (1991). The karyotypes of Triaenophorus nodulosus and T. crassus (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea).
  124. R Petkeviciute,G Staneviciute (1999). Karyotypic characterization of Apatemon gracilis.
  125. R Petkeviciute,G Staneviciute (2008). Comparative karyological analysis of three members of Allocreadiidae (Digenea): taxonomic and phylogenetic implications.
  126. R Petkeviciute,G Stanevieiute,R Stenko (1990). Structure of the karyotypes of Opisthioglyphe ranae, Paralepoderma brumpti and Skrjabinoeces sp. (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae).
  127. R Petkeviciute,V Stunzenas,G Staneviciute (1989). Clarification of the systematic position of Cercariaeum crassum Wesenberg-Lund, 1934 (Digenea), based on karyological analysis and DNA sequences.
  128. R Petkeviciute,V Kiseliene,R Stenko (1989). Cytogenetic analysis of two populations of Diplodiscus subclavatus (Trematoda, Diplodiscidae).
  129. R Petkeviciute,G Staneviciute,D Molloy (2003). Chromosome analysis of Phyllodistomum folium (Trematoda, Gorgoderidae) infecting three European populations of zebra mussels.
  130. Virginia Pickel,Arthur Jones (1942). Chromosomes of a Monogenetic Trematode, Diclybothrium hamulatum (Simer, 1929) Price, 1942.
  131. Henry Puente,Robert Short (1985). Redescription of Chromosomes of Schistosomatium douthitti (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae).
  132. J Ramanjaneyulu,R Madhavi (1969). Cytological investigations on two species of allocreadiid trematodes with special reference to the occurrence of triploidy and parthenogenesis in Allocreadium fasciatusi.
  133. K Rao,Venkat Reddy,P (1982). A comparative study of karyotypes and chromosomal location of rDNA genes in important liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fascioloides magna (Trematoda: Fasciolidae).
  134. P Reddy,S Subramanyam (1973). Chromosome studies in the liver fluke, Fasciola gigantica Cobbold, 1856, from Andhra Pradesh.
  135. P Reddy,S Subramanyam (1975). Chromosome Studies in<i>Paramphistomum Cervi</i>Zeder 1970 (Trematoda: Digenea—Paramphistomidae).
  136. Gwendolen Rees (1937). Studies on the germ cell cycle of the digenetic trematode<i>Parorchis acanthus</i>Nicoll.
  137. G Reese (1939). Studies on the germ cell cycle of the digenetic trematode<i>Parorchis acanthus</i>Nicoll.
  138. J Rhee,G Eun,S Lee (1987). Karyotype of Fasciola sp. obtained from Korean cattle.
  139. J Rhee,R Youn,H Lee (1988). The karyotype of Fischoederius cobboldi (Poirier, 1883) from Korean cattle.
  140. J Richard,A Voltz (1987). Preliminary data on the chromosomes of Echinostoma caproni Richard, 1964 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
  141. Klaus Rohde (1994). Kuhnia sprostonae Price, 1961 and K. scombercolias Nasir & Fuentes Zambrano, 1983 (Monogenea: Mazocraeidae) and their microhabitats on the gills of Scomber australasicus (Teleostei: Scombridae), and the geographical distribution of seven species of gill Monogenea of Scomber spp..
  142. L Romanenko,N Pleshanova (1975). Chromosome sets of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica.
  143. L Romanenko,A Shigin (1977). Chromosomal apparatus of trematodes of the general Diplostomum and Tylodelphys (Strigeidida, Diplostomatidae) and its taxonomic significance.
  144. Y Sakaguchi (1980). Karyotype and gametogenesis of the common liver fluke, Fasciola sp.
  145. Y Sakaguchi,C Nakagawa (1975). Isolated protein from Fasciola sp.; Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica recombinant cathepsin production for cattle or sheep liver fluke recombinant vaccine construction.
  146. Y Sakaguchi,I Tada (1975). Figure 1: A circular map of the mitochondrial genome of the lung fluke <i>Paragonimus ohirai</i> (KX765277)..
  147. Y Sakaguchi,I Tada (1976). Chromosomes of a lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani.
  148. Y Sakaguchi,I Tada (1976). A comparative karyotype study of lung flukes, Paragonimus ohiria and Paragonimus miyazakii.
  149. Y Sakaguchi,Y Wakako (1976). Isolated protein from Fasciola sp.; Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica recombinant cathepsin production for cattle or sheep liver fluke recombinant vaccine construction.
  150. Y Sakaguchi,I Tada (1980). Karyotypic studies of lung flukes, Paragonimus iloktsuenensis, Paragonimus sadoensis and Paragonimus westermani.
  151. Y Sakaguchi,W Yoneda (1976). Isolated protein from Fasciola sp.; Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica recombinant cathepsin production for cattle or sheep liver fluke recombinant vaccine construction.
  152. J Saksena (1962). Chromosome studies in the digenetic trematodes of the family Paramphistomatidae.
  153. J Saksena (1969). Chromosome studies of fifteen species of Indian digenetic trematodes.
  154. A Sanderson (1959). Maturation and fertilization in two digenetic trematodes, Haplometra cylindracea (Zeder, 1800) and Fasciola hepatica (L.).
  155. G Scharma,V Nakahasi (1974). Studies on the chromosomes of three species of the Indian digenetic trematodes of three species of the Indian digenetic trematodes.
  156. A Schellenberg (1911). Oogenese, Eireifung und Befruchtung von Fasciola hepatica L.
  157. R Schockaert (1905). La fecondation chez les animaux et chez les vegetaux.
  158. A Schreiner (1908). 608. [L <sup>1</sup> . 14. a.] [no title].
  159. O Sey (1901). Gametogenesis in Paramphistomum microbothrium Faschoeder.
  160. A Sharma,S Lal (1984). Oogenesis and the chromosomes of Paramphistomum explanatum (Digenea: Trematoda).
  161. G Sharma,V Nаkhasi (1957). Chromosomes of Schistosoma mansoni and Ornithobilharzia canaliculata (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae).
  162. Robert Short (1983). Presidential Address: Sex and the Single Schistosome.
  163. Robert Short,Abraham Grossman (1981). Conventional Giemsa and C-Banded Karyotypes of Schistosoma mansoni and S. rodhaini.
  164. Robert Short,Abraham Grossman (1986). Chromosomes of Heterobilharzia americana (Digenea: Schistosomatidae) from Texas.
  165. Robert Short,Margaret Menzel (1960). Chromosomes of Nine Species of Schistosomes.
  166. R Short,M Menzel,S Pathak (1979). Chromosomes of Heterobilharzia americana (Digenea: Schgaria), with ZWA sex determination, from Louisiana.
  167. Robert Short,Margaret Menzel (1959). Chromosomes in parthenogenetic miracidia and embryonic cercariae of Schistosomatium douthitti.
  168. R ShÐūrt (1957). CHROMOSOMES AND SEX IN SCHISTOSOMATIUM DOUTHITTI.
  169. M Spakulova,P Horak,I Kralova (1996). Comparative morphometry, morphology of egg and adult surface topography under light and scanning electron microscopies, and metaphase karyotype among three size-races of Fasciola gigantica in Thailand.
  170. M Srivastava,A Iha (1964). Structure and behaviour of the chromosomes of Paramphistomum crassum Stiles and Goldberger (Trematoda, Digenea).
  171. M Srivastava,A Iha (1964). Structure and behaviour of the chromosomes of Isoparorchis hypselobargi Billet, (Trematoda, Digenea, Hemiuridae).
  172. J Pearson (1977). Studies on the life cycles and taxonomy of digenetic trematodes.
  173. Hiromu Sugiyama,Minoru Okuda,Masahiro Matsumoto,Takatoshi Kikuchi,Yoshiharu Odagiri,Tamotsu Tomimura (1985). Karyotypic findings of the lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878), in the Uda area of Nara prefecture, Japan..
  174. S Taft,Le Grande,W (1979). Chromosomes of Cyclocoelum oculeum Trematoda Cyclocoelidae.
  175. W Teehan,R Short (1989). Mitotic chromosomes of a species of Spirorchis (Trematoda: Spirorchiidae).
  176. K Terasaki (1977). Studies on chromosomes of the lung fluke in Japan.
  177. K Terasaki (1978). Chromosome analysis on a South American lung fluke, Paragonimus peruvianus.
  178. K Terasaki (1980). Paragonimus westermani westermani.
  179. K Terasaki (1983). Karyotype of lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani filipinus Miyazaki.
  180. K Terasaki,N MÐūriŅƒama,S Tani,K Ishida (1982). Comparative studies on the karyotypes of Echinostoma cinetorchis and hortense (Echinostomatidae: Trematoda).
  181. A Vander Woude (1932). Germ cell cycle of Megalodiscus temperatus (Stafford, 1905) Harwood.
  182. P Venkat Reddy,S Subramanyam (1971). Some observation in the digenetic trematode Philophthalmus sp. from eagle.
  183. P Venkat Reddy,S Subramanyam (1973). Draft Genome of the Liver Fluke Fasciola gigantica.
  184. P Venkat Reddy,S Subramanyam (1975). Chromosomes studies in Paramphistomum cervi Zeder 1970 (Trematoda: Digenea -Paramphistomatidae).
  185. Venkat Reddy,P Subramanyam,S (1937). Chromosome number of the paramphistome Gigantocotyle explanatum Nasmark.
  186. Von Kemnitz,G Wassermann (1913). Eibildung, Eireifung, Samenreifung und Befruchtung von Brachyocoelium salamandrae (Brachyocoelium crassicolle Rud).
  187. M White (1973). The chromosomes.
  188. Charles Willey,Gabriel Godman (1951). Gametogenesis, Fertilization and Cleavage in the Trematode, Zygocotyle lunata (Paramphistomidae).
  189. S Willmott (1937). Gametogenesis, and Early Development in <i>Gigantocotyle bathycotyle</i> (Fischoeder, 1901) NÃĪsmark, 1937.
  190. A Woodhead (1931). The germ cell cycle in the trematode family Bucephalidae.
  191. Arthur Woodhead (1931). Germ-Cell Development in the First and Second Generations of Schistosomatium douthitti (Cort, 1914) Price, 1931 (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae).
  192. H Yin,B Ye (1990). Comparative cytogenetics of Opisthorchid species (Trematoda, Opisthorchiidae).
Show All References
Download References

Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Tanveer Sofi. 2016. "Chromosomes and Cytogenetics of Trematodes". Global Journal of Medical Research, Global Journal of Medical Research - G: Veterinary Science & Medicine GJMR-G Volume 16 (GJMR Volume 16 Issue G1).

More Citation Formats

Download Citation

  • Open Access
  • CC-BY-ND-NC 4.0
Download Article
Access OJS
Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjmr

Print ISSN 0975-5888

e-ISSN 2249-4618

Keywords
Not Found
Classification
GJMR-G Classification NLMC Code: WC 805
  • Submission ReceivedDecember 14, 2015
  • Peer Review Double Blind
    Handling Editor
  • Accepted January 1, 2016
  • Published January 15, 2016
Version of record

v1.2

Issue date
May 20, 2016

Language
English
Order Article Reprint
Experiance in AR

Explore published articles in an immersive Augmented Reality environment. Our platform converts research papers into interactive 3D books, allowing readers to view and interact with content using AR and VR compatible devices.

View in VR
Read in 3D

Your published article is automatically converted into a realistic 3D book. Flip through pages and read research papers in a more engaging and interactive format.

View in 3D
Article Matrices
Total Views: 883
Total Downloads: 58
All Trends

Request Access

Please fill out the form below to request access to this research paper. Your request will be reviewed by the editorial or author team.
X

This is the heading

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.

High-quality academic research articles on global topics and journals.

Chromosomes and Cytogenetics of Trematodes

Tanveer Sofi
Tanveer Sofi Kashmir University
  • Submission ReceivedDecember 14, 2015
  • Peer Review Double Blind
    Handling Editor
  • Accepted January 1, 2016
  • Published January 15, 2016