Confirming Carneiro: Resource Scarcity and Pre-Modern Warfare

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Laura D. Young,
Laura D. Young,
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Laura D. Young
Laura D. Young

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In 1970, Robert Carneiro introduced a theory called circumscription. The theory suggests exposure to certain environmental conditions is the main determinant for conflict in the premodern era. Well-received in some circles, others scrutinized whether the theory was as capable as it claimed (See, for instance, the symposium published by American Behavioral Scientist 31:4 March/April). Though disagreement remains as to whether Carneiro’s theory retains any merit, the results of empirical tests of his theory, more often than not, fall in his favor (Carneiro 1988; See also Deflem 1999). This paper adds to those empirical results and confirms environmental conditions play a role in the presence or absence of war.

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No external funding was declared for this work.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Laura D. Young,. 2026. \u201cConfirming Carneiro: Resource Scarcity and Pre-Modern Warfare\u201d. Global Journal of Human-Social Science - F: Political Science GJHSS-F Volume 23 (GJHSS Volume 23 Issue F1): .

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Resource Scarcity and Warfare.
Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJHSS

Print ISSN 0975-587X

e-ISSN 2249-460X

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GJHSS-F Classification: FOR Code: 160699
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v1.2

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April 6, 2023

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English

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In 1970, Robert Carneiro introduced a theory called circumscription. The theory suggests exposure to certain environmental conditions is the main determinant for conflict in the premodern era. Well-received in some circles, others scrutinized whether the theory was as capable as it claimed (See, for instance, the symposium published by American Behavioral Scientist 31:4 March/April). Though disagreement remains as to whether Carneiro’s theory retains any merit, the results of empirical tests of his theory, more often than not, fall in his favor (Carneiro 1988; See also Deflem 1999). This paper adds to those empirical results and confirms environmental conditions play a role in the presence or absence of war.

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Confirming Carneiro: Resource Scarcity and Pre-Modern Warfare

Laura D. Young
Laura D. Young

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