Controversial Issues of Clinical Immunology. Modern Concepts about the Pathogenesis of Infections

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Controversial Issues of Clinical Immunology. Modern Concepts about the Pathogenesis of Infections

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Abstract

It is postulated that a suppressed or stimulated state of immune reactivity plays an important role in the induction of an infection process, which triggers the activation of microbiota pathogens. Infection-driven destruction of cells of a macroorganism promotes the release of endogenous low molecular weight nucleic acids, mostly RNA, which, within the first hours/days, are responsible for the stimulation of replication and toxin formation by microflora with subsequent disease exacerbation, and as a result, in a few days, cause an increase in antigenicity, immunogenicity, antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens, and activation of nonspecific and specific resistance of the body, with the resulting immune activation. Concurrently with these processes, the intensification of free-radical lipid and protein oxidation is observed, with the formation of immunosuppressive compounds which are neutralized by enzymatic and nonenzymatic factors of the antioxidant system. Thus, in infection processes homeostasis is achieved by means of a sequential cascade of microbial, immune, and metabolic mechanisms which induce, stimulate, and inhibit the responsiveness of the body.

References

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

zemskov_v.m.. 2019. \u201cControversial Issues of Clinical Immunology. Modern Concepts about the Pathogenesis of Infections\u201d. Global Journal of Medical Research - C: Microbiology & Pathology GJMR-C Volume 19 (GJMR Volume 19 Issue C2): .

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjmra

Print ISSN 0975-5888

e-ISSN 2249-4618

Keywords
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GJMR-C Classification: NLMC Code: QW 180
Version of record

v1.2

Issue date

December 14, 2019

Language
en
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It is postulated that a suppressed or stimulated state of immune reactivity plays an important role in the induction of an infection process, which triggers the activation of microbiota pathogens. Infection-driven destruction of cells of a macroorganism promotes the release of endogenous low molecular weight nucleic acids, mostly RNA, which, within the first hours/days, are responsible for the stimulation of replication and toxin formation by microflora with subsequent disease exacerbation, and as a result, in a few days, cause an increase in antigenicity, immunogenicity, antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens, and activation of nonspecific and specific resistance of the body, with the resulting immune activation. Concurrently with these processes, the intensification of free-radical lipid and protein oxidation is observed, with the formation of immunosuppressive compounds which are neutralized by enzymatic and nonenzymatic factors of the antioxidant system. Thus, in infection processes homeostasis is achieved by means of a sequential cascade of microbial, immune, and metabolic mechanisms which induce, stimulate, and inhibit the responsiveness of the body.

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Controversial Issues of Clinical Immunology. Modern Concepts about the Pathogenesis of Infections

Zemskov
Zemskov
Zemskov
Zemskov
Pronko
Pronko
Afanasiev
Afanasiev

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