Neural Networks and Rules-based Systems used to Find Rational and Scientific Correlations between being Here and Now with Afterlife Conditions
February 17, 2026
Neural Networks and Rules-based Systems used to Find Rational and
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CSTGV6754O
Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjcst
Print ISSN 0975-4350
e-ISSN 0975-4172
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This paper presents a data adaptive digital audio watermarking process with the use of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Transform (HT). The host audio signal is decomposed into several Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). A binary image or a set of -1 and 1, which is obtained by mapping from standard normal distributed pseudo random numbers, is embedded as secret information into the significant coefficients of the highest energetic IMF that are greater than a specified adaptive threshold. Thus watermarked IMF is less sensitive to common signal processing attack. As a result this method increases more robustness. The experimental results show that the proposed method has good imperceptibility and robustness under common signal processing attacks such as additive noise (in time domain and in frequency domain), low pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, MP3 compression, and sound processing effects such as, delay, a natural sounding reverberation (Schroeder’s Reverberator), flanging effect, equalization effect, etc. A Bit Error calculation equation is provided to measure the accuracy of the extracted watermark.
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