Environmental Pollution Induced By an Aluminium Smelting Plant in Nigeria

Ayodele Ipeaiyeda; G. E. Okojevoh

Environmental Pollution Induced By an Aluminium Smelting Plant in Nigeria

Ayodele Ipeaiyeda * §

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G. E. Okojevoh

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eensu

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nsilason

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University of Ibadan

Environmental Pollution Induced By an Aluminium Smelting Plant in Nigeria

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Abstract

The extent of pollution of Imo, Utaewa Rivers and Essene Creek being sources of drinking water were assessed due to the smelting activities of the Aluminium Smelter at Ikot Abasi City, Nigeria. Soil and plants samples in the field near the water bodies were equally assessed. The physicochemical parameters investigated on all sampled water bodies were within the WHO and USEPA limits for drinking water with the exception of salinity, turbidity, TDS and few heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Al, Pb). The overall average levels of these parameters were 7.6±2.8 % (salinity), 16±12 FTU (Turbidity), 793±250 mg/L (TDS), 2.59±0.48 mg/L (Mn), 0.49±0.27 mg/L (Al) and 0.85±0.43 mg/L (Pb). Principal component biplot revealed strong and positive metal loadings whose ranges were (1.284-1.687), (0.499-0.515) and (0.959-1.630) for Essene Creek, Imo River and Utaewa River respectively. Similarly, clauster analysis showed that elemental compositions of soil and plants in the vicinity of aluminium smelter were traceable to the smelting activities. Also, accumulation of airborne particle by vegetation and surface soil was resulted from the activities in the smelting site. Al (1830 -2170 μg/g) and Zn (141-147 μg/g) were more abundant at 0-5 cm soil depth than other metals (Cd, Mn, Ni, Fe, Pb, Co). Bioccumulation results revealed increased metal uptake by Vernonia amygdalia (Bitter leaves), Manihot esculenta (Cassava) and Carica papaya (Paw-paw) at the sites closest to the industry, hence can be used as good biomarkers for soil pollution.

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

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Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Ayodele Ipeaiyeda, G. E. Okojevoh, eensu, nsilason. 1969. "Environmental Pollution Induced By an Aluminium Smelting Plant in Nigeria". Global Journal of Science Frontier Research - B: Chemistry GJSFR-B Volume 12 (GJSFR Volume 12 Issue B1).

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GJSFR Volume 12 Issue B1

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJSFR

Print ISSN 0975-5896

e-ISSN 2249-4626

Keywords

Bioaccumulation Heavy metal Multivariate analysis Pollution

Classification

GJSFR-B Classification FOR Code: 070105

030201

Submission ReceivedNovember 27, 2011
Peer Review Double Blind
Handling Editor
Accepted December 22, 2011
Published January 5, 2012

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Language

English

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Total Score: 152

Country: Nigeria

Subject: Global Journal of Science Frontier Research

Authors: Dr. A.R. Ipeaiyeda, N. S. Umo, G. E. Okojevoh (PhD/Dr. count: 1)

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