Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Tumors and Vascular Malformations in Senegal: About 52 Cases
Objectives: Vascular tumors and malformations (VTMs) are characterized by their diversity, making their study complex. Our objective was to describe the different aspects of these vascular anomalies in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical and descriptive studyfrom 2004 to 2022. It included all patients admitted for tumors or vascular malformations at our center. Results: Fifty-two patients were included with a male-to-female ratio of 1:2 (sex ratio = 0.5). The mean age was 24 years. Consanguinity was found in 8% and polymalformative syndrome in 2%. The meantime to the consultation was 8 years, and the main reason was a mass in 94% of the cases. The neck (23%) was the predominant location followed by the cheek (17%)and then the head (13%). A vascular character of the mass was found in 25%, and trophic disorders in 8%. Vascular imaging revealed an arteriovenous malformation (48%), a venous malformation (17%), an angioma (11%), a hemangioma (10%), a lymphangioma (8%), a glomus tumor (4%), and an angiosarcoma (2%). Treatment consistedof excision (75%), single or primary ligation of the feeding artery (29%), and primary embolization (6%). Morbidity rate was 12%, consisting of hemorrhage (4%), surgical site infection (6%), and limb ischemia (2%). Secondary amputation was performed in 2%. Recurrence was noted in 8%. No deaths were observed.
