Field and Laboratory Studies on Four Species of Sea Squirts and their Larvae

Gaber Ahmed Saad
Gaber Ahmed Saad * §
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Abdullah Bedeer Hussein
Abdullah Bedeer Hussein ‡
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§ Dammam University, Saudi Arabia, KSA
‡ Dammam University

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Field and Laboratory Studies on Four Species of Sea Squirts and their Larvae

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize adult distribution with respect to light and analyze ovary contents in the four seasons of the year. The swimming behavior of Ciona intestinalis, Molgula manhattensis, Ascidella aspersa and Phallusia mammilata larvae against certain abiotic factors were commented. For the field data on adult distributions, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to test for differences in adult orientation, with surface orientation as a fixed factor. Two adult species (Ciona intestinalis and Molgula manhattensis) showed no orientation with respect to light while in the other two species (Ascidella aspersa and Phallusia mammilata) light exerted a significant effects on the orientation and density of individuals. To evaluate among the different species the level of gregariousness found in the field, the number of individuals per clump for each species has been compared using one-way ANOVA, with species as a fixed factor. Artificial heterologous inseminations were carried out.

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How to Cite This Article

Gaber Ahmed Saad, Abdullah Bedeer Hussein. 2016. "Field and Laboratory Studies on Four Species of Sea Squirts and their Larvae". Global Journal of Science Frontier Research - B: Chemistry GJSFR-B Volume 16 (GJSFR Volume 16 Issue B2).

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Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJSFR

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  • Submission ReceivedFebruary 21, 2016
  • Peer Review Double Blind
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  • Accepted March 19, 2016
  • Published April 14, 2016
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Field and Laboratory Studies on Four Species of Sea Squirts and their Larvae

Gaber Saad
Gaber Saad Dammam University, Saudi Arabia, KSA
Abdullah Hussein
Abdullah Hussein <p>Dammam University</p>
  • Submission ReceivedFebruary 21, 2016
  • Peer Review Double Blind
    Handling Editor
  • Accepted March 19, 2016
  • Published April 14, 2016