Incidence and Fetomaternal Outcome of Eclampsia in a Tertiary Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh
Background: In day to day obstetric practice, the incidence of eclampsia and its complication is high. It is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Bangladesh accounting about 20%. This is also associated with poor perinatal outcome. Objectives: To determine the incidence of eclampsia and associated feto-maternal outcome. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the diagnosed patients of eclampsia admitted in Enam Medical College and hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of January 2015 to December 2016. During these years total 2295 patients were admitted in obstetrics unit among them 35 patient were admitted with eclampsia. Analysis done regarding age of women, parity, type of eclampsia, gestational age of delivery, mode of delivery, maternal and fetal outcome. Patients with convulsion and or coma due to other causes were excluded. Study was ethically approved by Ethical Review committee of Enam Medical College and Hospital. All data were entered in SPSS16 and also analyzed through it. Results: Total admitted patients in obstetrics unit during the given time period were 2295. Among them 35(1.52%) were eclampsia. Among eclampsia patients more than half that is 19(54.28%) were in between age of 21 to 30 years of age. Most 21(60%) were nulliparous and 14(40%) were multiparous.15 (42.85%) were antepartum eclampsia whereas 20(57.14%) were postpartum. Maximum 22(62.85%) delivered preterm. Mode of delivery by caesarean section 24(68.57%) is more than double of vaginal delivery. Maternal outcome was good after treatment in eclampsia ward in 18 (51.42%) cases, whereas 14 (40%) needed ICU support and 3 (8.57%) died in hospital. Most of the babies were born preterm low birth weight (37.14%) and perinatal deaths were 20%. Only 6 babies were term and healthy. Conclusion: Our observation states postpartum eclampsia is more common in nulliparous between 21-30 years of age with preterm delivery and poor fetomaternal outcome.
