BACKGROUND: To gain understanding of maternal and fetal risk factors for still birth by evaluating number of risk factors responsible, prevalance of maternal and fetal risk factors, study the modifiable and unmodifiable antenatal risk factors associated and study percentage of MSB and FSB in tertiary care centre.
METHODS: The study population included patients with presentation and diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death or patient with fresh stillbirth during delivery admitted in hospital. History and examination of patients are done and mode of delivery was decided accordingly.
RESULTS: Based on this study, both maternal and fetal factors contribute to the risk of stillbirth. Maternal factors include age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities (such as anemia, hypertension, diabetes, liver disease), gestational age, and antenatal care(ANC) registration, while fetal factors include birthweight, congenital anomalies, and abnormal ultrasound findings. Among these, BMI, ANC registration, and maternal comorbidities are considered modifiable risk factors. In contrast, factors such as maternal age, gestational age, fetal weight, and congenital anomalies are non-modifiable. These remain important in risk assessment, monitoring, and counselling during pregnancy.
CONCLUSION: In order to avoid untoward pregnancy outcomes- It is necessary to manage any associated comorbidities pre-conceptionally. Preconceptional folic acid supplements can help reduce complications such as neural tube defects. For diabetic patients, achieving normal HbA1c levels, controlling sugar levels before pregnancy, thyroid disorders be addressed by correcting TSH levels, anemia correction and weight reduction is recommended.