Numerical Analysis of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Cu–Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid over a Porous Stretching Surface with Effects of Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, Heat Generation, and Chemical Reaction

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Numerical Analysis of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Cu–Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid over a Porous Stretching Surface with Effects of Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, Heat Generation, and Chemical Reaction

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Numerical Analysis of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Cu–Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid over a Porous Stretching Surface with Effects of Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, Heat Generation, and Chemical Reaction Banner

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Abstract

This work explores the impact of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a porous stretching surface. The proposed model incorporates key physical mechanisms, including viscous dissipation, internal heat generation, and resistance due to the porous medium. A nanofluid containing copper (Cu) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles dispersed in water is employed to improve heat transfer characteristics. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations through appropriate similarity transformations. The transformed boundary value problem is then solved numerically using the shooting method along with the fourth-order Runge Kutta scheme. The effects of various physical parameters such as magnetic field intensity, thermal radiation, heat generation, chemical reaction, and nanoparticle volume fraction on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are examined. The findings indicate that higher magnetic field strength decreases fluid velocity while increasing temperature and concentration fields. Additionally, hybrid nanoparticles significantly enhance thermal performance compared to conventional nanofluids. The results are consistent with existing studies, confirming the reliability of the present analysis.

References

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Funding

no funding

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

K. Veera Reddy. 2026. "Numerical Analysis of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Cu–Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid over a Porous Stretching Surface with Effects of Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, Heat Generation, and Chemical Reaction". Global Journal of Research in Engineering - E: Civil & Structural GJRE-E Volume 26 (GJRE Volume 26 Issue E1).

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjre

Print ISSN 0975-5861

e-ISSN 2249-4596

Keywords
Classification
MSC 76W05
Version of record

v1.2

Issue date
February 21, 2026

Language
English
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Numerical Analysis of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Cu–Al₂O₃/Water Nanofluid over a Porous Stretching Surface with Effects of Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation, Heat Generation, and Chemical Reaction

K. Veera Reddy
K. Veera Reddy