Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) and Poverty Alleviation in Rivers State: A Sociological Perspective

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Dr. Eze Wosu
Dr. Eze Wosu
α University of Port Harcourt University of Port Harcourt

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Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) and Poverty Alleviation in Rivers State: A Sociological Perspective

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Abstract

The paper examined the eradication and/or reduction of poverty in Rivers State through the targets and indicators of MDGs objectives. The paper posited that through the institutional agencies in the state, MDGs one (1) and two (2) achieved up to 70% deliverables. The scenario analysis method was deployed in line with MDG assessment indicator framework which provided information and reference items to measure specific goals and progress in terms of poverty alleviation -(A 3 days training workshop held in Port Harcourt). The workshop dovetailed into syndicate groups were critical analysis and inputs were made by participants. The finding is that goal 1 and 2 achieved up to 70% success in alleviating poverty in the state through Rivers State Sustainable Development Agency (RSSDA), Rivers Microfinance Agency (RIMA) etc. The government has projected a more comprehensive reduction package come 2015.

References

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Dhaliwal,Najmedden Attabib,Jennifer Urquhart,Nicolas Dea,Chris Bailey,Husain Shakil,Armaan Malhotra,Christopher Lozano,Jefferson Wilson,Michael Fehlings,Jetan Badhiwala,Greg Mcintosh,Nicolas Dea,Nathan Evaniew,Raphaële Charest-Morin,Philippe Phan,Christopher Sun,Abdul Al-Shawwa,Bradley Jacobs,Nathan Evaniew,Jacques Bouchard,Steven Casha,Stephan Duplessis,Peter Lewkonia,Fred Nicholls,Alex Soroceanu,Ganesh Swamy,Kenneth Thomas,Michael Yang,Julien Cohen-Adad,David Cadotte,Landon Hansen,Stephen Yip,Nicolas Dea,Rory Goodwin,Charles Fisher,Chetan Bettegowda,Arjun Sahgal,Ilya Laufer,Laurence Rhines,Daniel Sciubba,James Schuster,Michael Weber,Aron Lazary,Stefano Boriani,Chetan Bettegowda,Michael Fehlings,Michelle Clarke,Paul Arnold,Ziya Gokaslan,Charles Fisher,Michael Weber,Rafael De La Garza Ramos,John Shin,Mark Pahuta,Alessandro Luzatti,Alexander Disch,Alessandro Gasbarrini,Jorrit-Jan Verlaan,William Teixeira,Arjun Sahgal,Ilya Laufer,Aron Lazary,Dean Chou,Charles Fisher,Ziya Gokaslan,Michael 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Martinyuk,Daipayan Guha,Armaan Malholtra,Raphaële Charest-Morin,Alex Soroceanu,W Jacobs,David Cadotte,Nicolas Dea,Jiawen Deng,Mohammed Alvi,Karlo Pedro,Michael Fehlings,Abdul Al-Shawwa,Bradley Jacobs,Nathan Evaniew,Peter Lewkonia,Fred Nicholls,Alex Soroceanu,Ganesh Swamy,Kenneth Thomas,Michael Yang,David Cadotte,Jennifer Urquhart,Renan Fernandes,Isaac Wangai,Taryn Walker,Turki Alanezi,Ruheksh Raj,Chris Bailey,Newton Pimenta,Yan Silva,John Martin,Mark Kouame,Gabriella Rivas,Charles Reitman,John Glaser,James Lawrence,Robert Ravinsky,Tinghua Zhang,Nicolas Dea,Nathan Evaniew,Philippe Phan,Canadian Outcomes,Research Network,Husain Shakil,Armaan Malhotra,Christopher Lozano,Jefferson Wilson,Ramon Barbosa,Erenaldo De Souza Rodrigues Júnior,Carlos Filho,Rodrigo Gomes,Luis De Oliveira,Sean Christie,Sean Barry,Lynn Lethbridge,William Oxner,Emily Johnston,Andrew Glennie,Eugene Wai,Khaled Skaik,Michelle Rowicki,Justina Gillis,Karen Jones,Jason Freeman,Matt Mitchell,Emily Maclean,Renee Hollahan,Leslie Hardy,Christina Macdonald,Alissa Decker,Sean Barry,Andrew Glennie,William Oxner,Lutz Weise,Sean Christie,Andrew Glennie,Sean Christie,Cynthia Zwicker,Bill Oxner,Armaan Malhotra,Husain Shakil,Christopher Witiw,John Martin,Gabriella Rivas,Sydney Seeger,John Glaser,Charles Reitman,James Lawrence,Robert Ravinsky,Vanessa Vashishth,Eliana Seider,Aazad Abbas,Mauricio Daziano,Anna Rienmüller,Christopher Ames,Stephen Lewis,Farbod Moghaddam,May Choi,Fred Nicholls,Anna Rienmüller,Kenny Kwan,Yong Qiu,Ferran Pellise,Ahmet Alanay,Justin Smith,Nasir Quraishi,Randolph Gray,Saumyajii Basu,Go Yoshida,Lawrence Lenke,Stephen Lewis,Fatemeh Alavi,Francois Dantas,Y Rampersaud,Stephen Lewis,Yasmin Silva,Ayesha Ayesha,Enzo Von Quednow,Rabbia Jabbar,Mariana Zottele,Gabriela Nascimento,Fabio Rocha,Oguz Sahin,Eshita Sharma,Ramon Barbosa,Walter Fagundes,Yan Silva,Farbod Moghaddam,May Choi,Fred Nicholls,Brian Hsu,Stone Sima,Bhisham Singh,Ashish Diwan,Nathan Evaniew,Alex Soroceanu,Steve Lewis,Fred Nicholls,Ganesh Swamy,Tanya Cierson,Rohail Mumtaz,Tinghua Zhang,Mamdoh Alhowsawi,Ganesh Swamy,Kenneth Thomas,Alex Soroceanu,Zhi Wang,Alexandra Stratton,Stephen Kingwell,Eugene Wai,Eve Tsai,Philippe Phan,So Kato,Eric Klineberg,Caglar Yilgor,Michael Kelly,Lawrence Lenke,Christopher Shaffrey,Kenneth Cheung,Sigurd Berven,Yukihiro Matsuyama,Ferran Pellise,Benny Dahl,Maarten Spruit,Ahmet Alanay,Stephen Lewis,So Kato,Lawrence Lenke,Kristen Jones,Christopher Nielsen,Saumyajit Basu,Michael Kelly,Samuel Strantzas,Yong Qiu,Ferran Pellise,Ahmet Alanay,Nasir Quraishi,Randolph Gray,Go Yoshida,Amer Aziz,Stephen Lewis,Suhas Etigunta,Armaan Malhotra,Geoffrey Shumilak,David Lebel,Kenneth Illingworth,David Skaggs,Janneke Loomans,Ferran Pellise,So Kato,Zeeshan Sardar,Lawrence Lenke,Stephen Lewis,Karim Aboelmagd,Alison Anthony,Emma Nadler,Jennifer Dermott,Mark Camp,David Lebel,Anne Versteeg,Mark Camp,Reinhard Zeller,David Lebel,Taylor Liu,Jessica Romeo,Andrew Tice,James Jarvis,Kevin Smit,Jesse Shen,Stefan Parent,Abdulmajeed Alzakri,Olivier Turcot,Marie Beauséjour,Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry,Soraya Barchi,Isabelle Turgeon,Erich Rutz,Mia Percival,Michael Johnson,Kris Lundine,Geoffrey Shumilak,Armaan Malhotra,David Lebel,Kenneth Illingworth,David Skaggs,Fatemeh Alavi,Francois Dantas,Y Rampersaud,Stephen Lewis,Andrew Kong,Adeesya Gausper,Suhas Etigunta,Andy Liu,Kenneth Illingworth,David Skaggs,Eshita Sharma,Iago Petry,Rabbia Jabbar,Yasmin Silva,Fabio Rocha,Oguz Sahin,Kaike Da Silva Lobo,Ayesha Ayesha,Aisha Ahmed,Walter Fagundes,Yan Silva,Karlo Pedro,Christopher Bailey,Philippe Phan,Jennifer Uruqhurt,Greg Mcintosh,Y Rampersaud,Tiffany Lung,Jin Du,Celina Nahanni,Christopher Nielsen,Stephen Lewis,Raja Rampersaud,Carlos Aleman,Alexandre Dhenin,Matthieu Vassal,Guillaume Lonjon,Hidetomi Terai,Koji Tamai,Masato Uematsu,Hiroshi Katsuda,Ayesha Ayesha,Kaike Lobo,Beatriz Pomianoski,Jose Kotochinsky,Yan Silva,Newton Pimenta,Yan Silva,Richard Roberts,Frank Kortbeek,Y Rampersaud,Chris Bailey,Charles Fisher,R 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Bakal,Michael Fehlings,Mohammed Alvi,Michael Fehlings,Mohammed Alvi,Armaan Malhotra,Husain Shakil,Avery Nathens,Eva Yuan,Yingshi He,Andrew Jack,Francois Mathieu,Jefferson Wilson,Christopher Witiw,Karlo Pedro,Mohammed Alvi,Andréane Richard-Denis,Émile Brouillard,Ismail Lassassy,Etienne Bourassa-Moreau,Paul Khoueir,Zhi Wang,Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong,Aidan Beresford,Vanessa Noonan,Naama Rotem-Kohavi,Marcel Dvorak,Brian Kwon,Guiping Liu,Jason Sutherland,Armaan Malhotra,Husain Shakil,Avery Nathens,Eva Yuan,Yingshi He,Francois Mathieu,Michael Sklar,Jefferson Wilson,Christopher Witiw,Jetan Badhiwala,Jordan Levett,Michael Weber,Gustavo Lages,Johmeson Alencar,Aline Hakbijl-Van Der Wind,Sylvia Egberts,Janneke Stolwijk,Rutger Osterthun,Tijn Van Diemen,F Oner,Marcel Post,Jessica Parsons,Jijie Xu,Kristen Walden,Nader Fallah,Christiana Cheng,Najmedden Attabib,Sean Christie,Cathy Craven,Michael Fehlings,Daryl Fourney,Hardeep Kainth,Brian Kwon,Gary Linassi,Saranjan Moganathas,Jerome Paquet,Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong,Andrea Townson,Jennifer Urquhart,Eve Tsai,Alex Whelan,Vanessa Noonan,Armaan Malhotra,Husain Shakil,Ahmad Essa,Christopher Witiw,Aidan Beresford,Vanessa Noonan,Naama Rotem-Kohavi,Marcel Dvorak,Brian Kwon,Guiping Liu,Jason Sutherland,Christopher Lozano,Armaan Malhotra,Husain Shakil,Jefferson Wilson,Christopher Witiw,Jetan Badhiwala,Charlotte Lanoue,Jérôme Couture,Sonia Bédard,Jason Silvestre,Gabrielle Rivas,James Lawrence,Robert Ravinsky,Liisa Jaakkimainen,Teresa To,Maryse Bouchard,Andrew Howard,David Lebel,Tara Whittaker,Fred Nicholls,Mark Driscoll,Oussama Sahraoui,Alain Danino,Zhi Wang,Jin Du,Aazad Abbas,Sager Hanna,Neil Berrington,Alysa Almojuela,Michael Johnson,Stephen Lewis,Michael Goytan,Jay Toor,Tiffany Lung,Celina Nahanni,Chloe Cadieux,Gavin Dandal,Nicola Anderson,Stephen Lewis,Christopher Nielsen,Eric Massicote,Raja Rampersaud,Philippe Phan,Genevieve Belanger,Stephen Kingwell,Alexandra Stratton,Matthew Coyle,Eugene Wai,Paul Kaiser,Tristan Brunette-Clément,Daniel Shedid,Sung-Joo Yuh,Gustavo Lages,Newton Pimenta,Mark Driscoll,Chloe Cadieux,Jin Du,Jed Lazarus,Celina Nahanni,Christopher Nielsen,Raja Rampersaud,Pranjan Gandhi,Nathasha Rajapaksege,Shannon Hart,Victoria Shi,Markian Pahuta,Daipayan Guha,Zhi Wang,M Al-Shakfa,Jesse Shen,Chien Kow,Anand Masson,Catherine Veilleux,Stephan Du Plessis,Steve Casha,Ken Thomas,Michael Yang,Maxime Bouthillier,Julien Cohen-Adad,Mark Driscoll,Mina Mina,Stephanie Gibbon,Oluwakanyinsola Bello,Sarah Anderson,Lian Willetts,Peter Lewkonia,Kieran Chalmers,Andrew Tice,Jessica Romeo,Sasha Carsen,Kevin Smit,Dorothy Kim,Andrea Doria,Farzad Khalvati,Chaojun Chen,Jennifer Dermott,David Lebel,Benjamin Aubert,Rachelle Imbeault,Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry,Thierry Cresson,Stefan Parent,Andrew Tice,Jessica Romeo,Kevin Smit (2013). Canadian Spine SocietyAbstract ID 19. Program Code CPSS01. Pediatric Spine Frailty Index predicts morbidity and mortality in spinal deformity surgeryAbstract ID 99. Program Code CPSS02. Evaluation of biplane radiographic systems for scoliotic patientsAbstract ID 180. Program Code CPSS03. Rate of spinal osteochondromas diagnosed via advanced imaging in pediatric patients with hereditary multiple osteochondromas: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 137. Program Code CPSS04. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on fibromyalgia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studiesAbstract ID 61. Program Code CPSS05. Enhanced recovery pathway for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion surgery: a matched controlled analysisAbstract ID 193. Program Code CPSS06. Integrated approach to back pain in the adolescent populationAbstract ID 38. Program Code CPSS07. Traumatic spinal cord injury in children and adolescents: a 20-year review from the Hospital for Sick ChildrenAbstract ID 93. Program Code CPSS08. Prevalence and prognosis of scapular pain following surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study to guide preoperative counsellingAbstract ID 150. Program Code CPSS09. Preoperative zoledronate is safe for children with medical complexity undergoing posterior spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosisAbstract ID 15. Program Code CPSS10. Allogeneic transfusion is associated with adverse events in idiopathic scoliosis surgeryAbstract ID 56. Program Code A11. Defining the gaps in transitional care to adulthood for patients in pediatric surgical specialties: a scoping reviewAbstract ID 81. Program Code A12. Effect of mixing dissimilar metals on serum metal ion levels following spinal deformity surgeryAbstract ID 184. Program Code A13. Intraoperative neuromonitoring has poor correlation with postoperative neurological deficits in non-cord level adult deformity surgeryAbstract ID 94. Program Code A14. Role of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in enhancing intraoperative neuromonitoring for spinal deformity surgery — results from a prospective multicentre studyAbstract ID 9. Program Code A15. Does fat matter? The association between extension of fusion and paraspinal muscle fat infiltrationAbstract ID 47. Program Code A16. Pelvic incidence to lumbar lordosis association varies by Roussouly morphotypeAbstract ID 102. Program Code A17. Association between rod and fusion mass fractures in adult spinal deformity: a retrospective cohort studyAbstract ID 8. Program Code A18. Design and implementation of a novel morselized bone interbody cage in posterior lumbar spinal fusion: a biomechanical studyAbstract ID 86. Program Code A19. Decompression versus decompression plus fusion for stable degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: comparing outcomes using propensity score–matched dataAbstract ID 176. Program Code A20. Reoperation rates for decompression and fusion versus decompression alone for degenerative spondylolisthesis: a comparative analysisAbstract ID 186. Program Code B21. Modic change is not associated with occult discitis or poor clinical outcome among patients treated surgically for lumbar disc herniation: prospective cohort studyAbstract ID 145. Program Code B22. Machine learning–driven clinical and imaging clustering of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: implications for stratified surgical careAbstract ID 68. Program Code B23. Which psychosocial measures are most strongly related to surgical outcomes in patients with degenerative pathology of the spine?Abstract ID 111. Program Code B24. Acceptance and commitment therapy for patients with degenerative spinal disorders and maladaptive psychological processes: an observational studyAbstract ID 128. Program Code B25. Assessing construct validity of the Spine Adverse Events Severity System: impact of adverse event severity grade on longitudinal patient-reported outcomes)Abstract ID 72. Program Code B26. A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing traditional midline versus paramedian approaches to the lumbar spine for elective posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion proceduresAbstract ID 96. Program Code B27. Uniportal versus biportal endoscopic decompression for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and updated meta-analysisAbstract ID 152. Program Code B28. Why business tools are essential for managing a spine programAbstract ID 172. Program Code B29. Relationship between fatty infiltration, frailty, and outcomes after spinal surgeryAbstract ID 143. Program Code C30. Clinical trajectory and outcomes with surgical intervention for traumatic central cord syndrome: impact of mechanism of injuryAbstract ID 13. Program Code C31. Optimal tracheostomy timing following traumatic complete spinal cord injury: a comparative analysis of ultra-early, early and delayed practiceAbstract ID 123. Program Code C32. Early stabilization improves outcomes in unstable thoracolumbar fractures without neurological injuryAbstract ID 160. Program Code C33. Functional outcomes between surgical and nonsurgical treatment for neurologically intact patients with thoracolumbar burst fracturesAbstract ID 95. Program Code C34. Development of a classification-based algorithm for prognosticating community ambulation following acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a populational cohort study on 1209 patientsAbstract ID 100. Program Code C35. Using oral midodrine to accelerate weaning of intravenous vasopressors in traumatic spinal cord–injured patients admitted to the intensive care unitAbstract ID 42. Program Code C36. Imaging-confirmed traumatic conus medullaris injury: factors associated with recovery in motor strength, ambulation capacity, bowel and bladder functionAbstract ID 43. Program Code C37. Development and validation of a computed tomography–based artificial intelligence screening tool for acute cervical spine traumaAbstract ID 103. Program Code C38. The ElectroSacroGram: a point-of-care electrophysiological method for transforming neuro-sacral assessment following spinal cord injury/lesionAbstract ID 62. Program Code D39. Rate of surgical site infection following spinal surgery and effectiveness of preoperative intranasal photodynamic disinfection therapy and chlorhexidine gluconate body wipes prophylaxis: a quality-of-care studyAbstract ID 153. Program Code D40. Enhancing patient experience: utilization of a cross-sectional patient experience and education survey to identify and implement changes with patient educational videos in ambulatory orthopaedic spine clinicAbstract ID 127. Program Code D41. Aquatic exercise versus standard care on paraspinal muscle morphology and function in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trialAbstract ID 3. Program Code D42. Duration of subfascial drainage and the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leak and infection following durotomyAbstract ID 110. Program Code D43. Implementation of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery perioperative consensus protocol in lumbar fusion surgery at a single Canadian institution in Calgary, Alberta: early results of a 200-patient cohortAbstract ID 5. Program Code D44. Increased risk of surgical site infection after spine surgery with vancomycin surgical antibiotic prophylaxis when compared with cefazolinAbstract ID 53. Program Code D45. Understanding the influence of cage and instrumentation strategies with oblique lumbar interbody fusion for grade I spondylolisthesis — a comprehensive biomechanical modelling studyAbstract ID 24. Program Code D46. An aging world, an aging spine: the impact of preoperative frailty and sarcopenia on surgical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 105. Program Code D47. Effect of symptom duration on postoperative outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network studyAbstract ID 181. Program Code D48. Laminoplasty for patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy: an observational and comparative study of posterior cervical approaches from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkAbstract ID 33. Program Code D49. Cervical laminectomy without fusion versus cervical laminoplasty: comparing rate of conversion to fusionAbstract ID 63. Program Code E50. Treatment modality and outcomes in patients with mild degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 120. Program Code E51. Comparative analysis of lumbar disc herniation treatment outcomes: conventional versus endoscopic techniques in a prospective multicentre studyAbstract ID 40. Program Code E52. Anterior versus posterior surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy: a cost-utility analysisAbstract ID 66. Program Code E53. Advanced imaging markers of spinal cord demyelination enhance the prediction of neurological outcomes in mild degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 138. Program Code E54. Anterior versus posterior surgery for 2- or 3-level compression in degenerative cervical myelopathy: findings from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkAbstract ID 82. Program Code E55. A comprehensive assessment of the influence of frailty in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 37. Program Code E56. Patient characteristics and outcomes associated with severe neck pain presentation in degenerative cervical myelopathy: an observational study from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkAbstract ID 185. Program Code E57. Physician prediction of ambulation outcomes from degenerative cervical myelopathy surgery improves with machine learning clinical toolAbstract ID 112. Program Code E58. Assessment of spinal cord tract injury in degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 65. Program Code E59. Personalized blood biomarkers in surgically treated chordoma: a pilot studyAbstract ID 67. Program Code E60. Minimal clinically important differences in the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire in patients with symptomatic spinal metastasesAbstract ID 70. Program Code E61. Toward defining frailty in the metastatic spine population: an observational study from the Metastatic Tumor Research and Outcome NetworkAbstract ID 44. Program Code E62. Days alive and at home after treatment of spinal metastases: measurement and validation of a novel patient-centred outcomeAbstract ID 69. Program Code E63. Recurrence and survival outcomes after surgery for spinal and sacral chordoma and chondrosarcoma: a single-centre 14-year retrospective reviewAbstract ID 90. Program Code E64. Postoperative infections in immunocompromised, metastatic spine tumour patientsAbstract ID 25. Program Code E65. Automated psoas muscle segmentation: imaging features and surgical fitness in spinal metastatic lung cancerAbstract ID 73. Program Code P66. Cervical laminectomy for cervical myelopathy: Is there a role in the modern day? A systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 104. Program Code P67. P-15 peptide enhanced bone graft in cervical spine fusion: radiologic and clinical outcomes from a prospective, multicenter clinical studyAbstract ID 148. Program Code P68. Dual fluroscopy can reveal detailed kinematics following cervical total disc arthroplasty. Can it predict failure?Abstract ID 31. Program Code P69. Novel anterior approach to the cervical spine: an operative techniqueAbstract ID 126. Program Code P70. Implementation of the minimal clinically important difference for the Neck Disability Index is often problematic: a methodological reviewAbstract ID 139. Program Code P71. State of the machine: a critical analysis of machine learning for diagnosis and prognostication of degenerative cervical myelopathy — what have we learned, and where are we going?Abstract ID 113. Program Code P72. Spinal cord tract–based prediction of clinical deterioration in mild degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 131. Program Code P73. Cage subsidence in anterior discectomy and fusion, a comparison between autograft, allograft, and synthetic devicesAbstract ID 30. Program Code P74. Posterior versus anterior approach for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: Which is the best choice?Abstract ID 177. Program Code P76. Hyoid bone level and dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusionsAbstract ID 147. Program Code P77. Impact of age and preoperative myelopathy severity on surgical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathyAbstract ID 83. Program Code P78. Laminoplasty versus laminectomy and fusion in the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cost and patient-centered outcomesAbstract ID 159. Program Code P79. Isolated decompression for bilateral C1–C2 accessory facet joint with compressive myelopathy: case report and narrative reviewAbstract ID 71. Program Code P80. Variation in analgesia prescribing by surgeon: Which factors affect prolonged opioid use and unexpected follow-up for pain?Abstract ID 32. Program Code P81. Adverse childhood experiences and chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 163. Program Code P83. Innovative spine assessment clinic significantly lowers postoperative emergency department visitsAbstract ID 64. Program Code P84. Evaluating the socioeconomic burden for patients with spinal cord injury in Nova ScotiaAbstract ID 36. Program Code P85. Surgery for degenerative conditions of the spine: a pan-Canadian study of income and employmentAbstract ID 179. Program Code P86. Review of new patient visits to orthopedic spine surgery: Which referrals are resulting in surgical intervention?Abstract ID 92. Program Code P87. Surgical intervention enhances social function in older adults with spinal deformity: a Prospective Evaluation Deformity Surgery database studyAbstract ID 192. Program Code P88. L1 pelvic angle and its relationship with pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and sacral slope: a cross-sectional studyAbstract ID 133. Program Code P89. Risk factors for intraoperative neuromonitoring alertsAbstract ID 154. Program Code P90. How is reciprocal change in the unfused thoracic spine related to the preoperative thoracic compensation in patients with adult spinal deformity undergoing low thoracic to pelvis fusion?Abstract ID 151. Program Code P91. 3-D-printed versus freehand technique for pedicle screw placement in congenital scoliosis surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 115. Program Code P92. Thoracic kyphosis morphology: a cross-sectional, descriptive study of 440 asymptomatic adultsAbstract ID 4. Program Code P93. The Hsu-lace: a novel technique to prevent proximal junction failureAbstract ID 132. Program Code P95. Research priorities for patients with adult spinal deformity — a modified Delphi approach from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkAbstract ID 169. Program Code P96. Do surgeon characteristics influence variability in decision-making in management of patients with adult spinal deformity?Abstract ID 136. Program Code P97. Underreporting of proximal junctional kyphosis and failure in adult spine deformity surgery: a multicentre radiologic review using multiple diagnostic criteriaAbstract ID 98. Program Code P98. Is a 50% loss in intraoperative neuromonitoring signal the appropriate threshold in spinal deformity surgery?Abstract ID 18. Program Code P99. Are preoperative hematological screening tests associated with allogeneic transfusion in idiopathic scoliosis surgery?Abstract ID 108. Program Code P100. Methodology for the Spinal Deformity Intraoperative Monitoring study: standardizing intraoperative neuromonitoring in complex spinal deformity surgeryAbstract ID 87. Program Code P102. Staging growing rod insertion does not lower complication rate compared with nonstaged procedures in early-onset scoliosisAbstract ID 161. Program Code P103. High-grade pediatric spondylolisthesis: pelvic retroversion corrects spontaneously after posterior spinal fusionAbstract ID 59. Program Code P104. Clinical outcomes and complications of halo-gravity traction in the management of severe neuromuscular and syndromic scoliosis: a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary pediatric centreAbstract ID 89. Program Code P105. Vertebral body tethering for immature idiopathic scoliosis: prospective evaluation of radiologic results and surgical complicationsAbstract ID 26. Program Code P106. Bipolar fusion in neuromuscular scoliosis: Improved operative time and recovery, but at what cost?Abstract ID 14. Program Code P107. Intraoperative cell salvage reduces the rate of allogeneic transfusion in spinal deformity surgeryAbstract ID 155. Program Code P108. Predicting change in pelvic tilt following low thoracic to pelvis fusion in adult spinal deformity using a machine-learning approachAbstract ID 17. Program Code P109. Longer operative time is associated with higher risk of adverse outcomes in pediatric idiopathic scoliosis surgeryAbstract ID 182. Program Code P110. Comparison of safety and effectiveness of freehand to intraoperative navigation, and robotically performed posterior spinal instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 157. Program Code P111. Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic factors associated with reaching minimal clinically important differences across degenerative lumbar conditions: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network studyAbstract ID 107. Program Code P112. Influence of pelvic parameters on disc degenerative patterns and pathology: Is there a difference between patients with lumbar disc herniations compared with spinal stenosis?Abstract ID 121. Program Code P113. Tubular versus unilateral biportal endoscopy: magnetic resonance imaging analysis after a unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression in lumbar spinal stenosisAbstract ID 6. Program Code P114. Comparison of fusion rate, improvement of radiologic parameters in patients who underwent L5/S1 posterior fusion surgery using polyetheretherketone versus titanium cagesAbstract ID 97. Program Code P115. Comparative efficacy of endoscopic discectomy versus microdiscectomy for L5–S1 lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract ID 27. Program Code P116. Comparative efficacy of uniportal and biportal endoscopic techniques in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysisAbstract ID 10. Program Code P117. Subfascial drain after incidental durotomy and postoperative courses: a retrospective observational studyAbstract ID 187. Program Code P118. The degenerative spondylolisthesis instability classification system and the challenges of creating a surgical decision aidAbstract ID 124. Program Code P119. Comparison of functional results following lumbar discal herniation surgery by conventional technique or unilateral biportal endoscopy: a propensity score matched analysisAbstract ID 74. Program Code P120. The effects of preoperative psychological health on the outcomes of lumbar discectomy for radiculopathy owing to disc herniationAbstract ID 23. Program Code P121. Recurrent disc herniation: Does endoscopic surgery offer advantages over open microdiscectomy?Abstract ID 134. Program Code P122. P-15 Peptide Enhanced Bone Graft in posterolateral fusion: a prospective, multicentre clinical studyAbstract ID 21. Program Code P123. Examining the impact of successive revision spine surgeries on pain, disability, mental health, satisfaction, and length of stay: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network studyAbstract ID 75. Program Code P124. The impact of overall lumbar disc degeneration burden on Oswestry Disability Index outcomes following surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis owing to osteoarthritisAbstract ID 101. Program Code P126. Minimally invasive decompression versus open laminectomy in multilevel lumbar stenosis: a meta-analysisAbstract ID 122. Program Code P127. P-15 Peptide Enhanced Bone Graft in lumbar spine surgery for degenerative disc disease: radiologic and clinical outcomes from a Canadian prospective multicentre studyAbstract ID 174. Program Code P128. The association between improvements in hip strength, low back strength, and low back pain following a 10-week exercise interventionAbstract ID 129. Program Code P129. The effect of a multimodal physical training program versus no exercise on paraspinal muscle morphology and patient outcomes in chronic low back painAbstract ID 125. Program Code P130. Effect of a 10-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation intervention with the StimaWELL 120MTRS system on multifidus morphology and function in patients with chronic low back painAbstract ID 80. Program Code P131. 3-D topographic acquisitions to estimate curve magnitude in adolescent idiopathic scoliosisAbstract ID 88. Program Code P132. The effect of a mindfulness-based intervention and peer support on quality of life and brace compliance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a qualitative studyAbstract ID 146. Program Code P133. M-iBrace smart orthosis to improve adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patient empowerment and adherence to treatmentAbstract ID 16. Program Code P134. Extension stretching exercises improves thoracic hyperkyphosisAbstract ID 165. Program Code P136. All-posterior corpectomy with cage reconstruction and fusion for metastatic spinal cord compression : a retrospective study of 52 casesAbstract ID 116. Program Code P137. Experience of a centre for spine surgery in metastatic breast cancer: development of a large database and preliminary analysis of prognostic variablesAbstract ID 191. Program Code P138. The correlation between Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score score and overall survival in 103 consecutive patients operated for spine metastasis of breast cancerAbstract ID 119. Program Code P139. Impact of the number of spinal metastases on the survival of lung cancer patientsAbstract ID 173. Program Code P140. Primary bone tumours of the spine in the pediatric population: a single-centre experienceAbstract ID 11. Program Code P141. Early versus delayed surgery for central cord syndrome: an observational cohort analysis exploring real-world clinical practices, trends, and safety profileAbstract ID 51. Program Code P142. Risk factors for complications in traumatic spinal cord injury: a retrospective analysisAbstract ID 183. Program Code P145. Outcomes following surgical management of spinopelvic dissociationAbstract ID 60. Program Code P146. Traumatic spinal cord injury in Manitoba: an epidemiologic studyAbstract ID 141. Program Code P147. Incidence of nontraumatic spinal cord injury in CanadaAbstract ID 144. Program Code P148. The influence of fracture status in determining the effectiveness of surgical intervention in central cord syndromeAbstract ID 140. Program Code P149. Early surgery improves neurologic, functional, and quality of life outcomes in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a global end-point analysis of 470 patients from the Spine Trauma Study Group prospective cohortAbstract ID 12. Program Code P150. Disparities in surgical timing following traumatic complete spinal cord injury: the role of insurance coverage and raceAbstract ID 142. Program Code P151. The sodium-glutamate antagonist riluzole improves outcome after acute spinal cord injury: results from RISCIS randomized controlled trial using a global statistical analytic techniqueAbstract ID 156. Program Code P152. Do patients with nontraumatic versus traumatic spinal cord injury have similar complication profiles during acute care? A comparative studyAbstract ID 49. Program Code P153. Epidemiology of spinal cord injury in British Columbia, Canada: 20 years of population-based administrative dataAbstract ID 188. Program Code P154. Timing of gastrostomy relative to tracheostomy following complete cervical spinal cord injury: impact on hospitalization outcomes and complications ratesAbstract ID 190. Program Code P155. Impact of surgical timing on patients undergoing emergency spine surgery without neurologic symptoms: a systematic reviewAbstract ID 22. Program Code P156. Endoscopy beyond disc herniation and spinal stenosis: Is there a place for spine endoscopy in the treatment of burst fracture?Abstract ID 167. Program Code P157. Validation of the AO Spine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) version 1.1 in patients with longstanding spinal cord injuryAbstract ID 168. Program Code P158. The International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) examination: an evaluation of performance in persons with traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injury in acute and rehabilitation facilities across CanadaAbstract ID 29. Program Code P159. Rates of nonoperative management and secondary overtriage of spine fracture patients transferred to level I or II trauma centresAbstract ID 50. Program Code P160. Long-term survival for traumatic spinal cord injury in British Columbia, Canada: a retrospective evaluation of 20 years of linked health care dataAbstract ID 84. Program Code P161. Evaluating trends in cervical spinal cord injury without instabilityAbstract ID 170. Program Code P162. Postoperative spinal epidural hematomas: Are we excessively aggressive with thromboprophylaxis?Abstract ID 171. Program Code P163. Sex disparities in Medicare reimbursement, case volume, and practice characteristics among cervical spine surgeons in the United StatesAbstract ID 52. Program Code P164. Epidemiologic trends in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Ontario: validating a population-based health administrative data algorithm for patient identificationAbstract ID 109. Program Code P165. Microbial colonization of orthopedic and spinal implantsAbstract ID 78. Program Code P166. Validation of a fast-solving rigid-flexible body dynamic model of the spine for use in muscle recruitment optimization problemsAbstract ID 58. Program Code P167. A novel 2-staged technique for large soft tissue defect reconstruction following multiple dorsolumbar surgeriesAbstract ID 149. Program Code P169. The Spinal Invasiveness Score can better quantify surgical wait-lists across CanadaAbstract ID 162. Program Code P170. Hospital utilization profile of surgical management of degenerative spine diseases: a comparative analysis of planned and unplanned proceduresAbstract ID 135. Program Code P171. Comparison of primary versus revision lumbar spine surgery patients’ preoperative expectationsAbstract ID 118. Program Code P172. Closing dura with nonpenetrating metal clips: experience of a centre, technique description, and brief operative videoAbstract ID 28. Program Code P173. Endoscopic spinal cord stimulator paddle electrode implantation: a review of techniques and feasibilityAbstract ID 166. Program Code P174. Role of thoracolumbar fascia structure in lumbar spine stability: a finite element investigationAbstract ID 164. Program Code P175. Elevated preoperative glycated hemoglobin is associated with perioperative glucose dysregulation in spine surgery patientsAbstract ID 178. Program Code P176. Evaluating the validity of simulation-based education models for spine surgery training: a scoping reviewAbstract ID 57. Program Code P177. Transitioning from pediatric to adult scoliosis care: defining the perspectives of these patients during this critical periodAbstract ID 130. Program Code P178. Endoscopic spine surgery: a scoping review of the literatureAbstract ID 76. Program Code P179. Automatic spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging analysis using Spinal Cord ToolboxAbstract ID 35. Program Code P180. Bibliometric analysis of the literature on spine surgery based on data miningAbstract ID 77. Program Code P181. Development of a novel rigid-flexible body dynamic model as a high-fidelity parametric biomechanical digital twin of the human torsoAbstract ID 45. Program Code P182. SimuSpine: design of a realistic simulator for minimally invasive pedicle instrumentationAbstract ID 114. Program Code P184. Bilingual accessibility with artificial intelligence: assessing the ability of ChatGPT to answer patient queries on scoliosis in English and FrenchAbstract ID 41. Program Code P185. Enhancing accuracy of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis diagnosis in community radiology: machine learning versus manual measurement of Cobb anglesAbstract ID 191. Program Code P187. Three-dimensional reconstructions based on a new artificial intelligence algorithm provides rapid access to accurate and personalized representation of the spine: Toward a new paradigm in 3-D analysis of scoliotic deformitiesAbstract ID 85. Program Code P188. Detecting and monitoring scoliosis without radiography: validating the use of Momentum Spine artificial intelligence against gold standard radiographic imaging.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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How to Cite This Article

Dr. Eze Wosu. 2014. \u201cMillennium Development Goals (MDGS) and Poverty Alleviation in Rivers State: A Sociological Perspective\u201d. Global Journal of Human-Social Science - C: Sociology & Culture GJHSS-C Volume 14 (GJHSS Volume 14 Issue C1): .

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GJHSS Volume 14 Issue C1
Pg. 39- 43
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Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJHSS

Print ISSN 0975-587X

e-ISSN 2249-460X

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April 19, 2014

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en
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The paper examined the eradication and/or reduction of poverty in Rivers State through the targets and indicators of MDGs objectives. The paper posited that through the institutional agencies in the state, MDGs one (1) and two (2) achieved up to 70% deliverables. The scenario analysis method was deployed in line with MDG assessment indicator framework which provided information and reference items to measure specific goals and progress in terms of poverty alleviation -(A 3 days training workshop held in Port Harcourt). The workshop dovetailed into syndicate groups were critical analysis and inputs were made by participants. The finding is that goal 1 and 2 achieved up to 70% success in alleviating poverty in the state through Rivers State Sustainable Development Agency (RSSDA), Rivers Microfinance Agency (RIMA) etc. The government has projected a more comprehensive reduction package come 2015.

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Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) and Poverty Alleviation in Rivers State: A Sociological Perspective

Dr. Eze Wosu
Dr. Eze Wosu University of Port Harcourt

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