I. INTRODUCTION

Wheat is a very staple food crop of people in the world. However its production is limited by nonavailability of suitable varieties and infestation of diseases and pests. Therefore, plant breeders' duty is to provide suitable varieties to farmers so that food production and food security can be insured. With these facts in mind, we evaluated 20-wheat accessions on 11 parameters including a test for Karnal bunt infestation. The present paper reports the findings of this experiment.

II. MATERIALS AND METHODS

The experiment was conducted in Rabi season 2019-20 at Center for Research and Development located at Gaunar-Usaraha, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. The experimental site is located at ${26}^{\circ }{42}^{\prime }{45.5}^{″}$ N latitude, ${83}^{\circ }{36}^{\prime }{36.6}^{″}$ E longitude and $86\mathrm{m}$ above mean sea level. The climate is semi-arid with hot summer and cold winter. Nearly $80\mathrm{\%}$ of the rainfall is received during monsoon and a few winter showers.

Twenty wheat germplasm, included in this experiment, were taken from the germplasm stock available at CRD and BRD PG College, Deoria. HD2967 was used as a standard check variety. These accessions were raised in a randomized block design in a timely sown condition with standard package of practices for wheat cultivation. Thus, 20 genotypes were evaluated on 11 parameters in three replications. The parameters evaluated are 1. 1000 seed weight or test weight, 2. 10 spikes' weight, 3. yield per plot, 4. spikes per square meter, 5. effective tillers, 6. Plant height, 7. yield per hectare, 8. biological yield per plant, 9. days to $50\mathrm{\%}$ flowering, 10. flag leaf area and 11. Karnal bunt infestation.

Data collected on five randomly selected plants of all 20 genotypes were compiled to calculate means in three replications. These were further used to calculate replication mean. These values were subjected to normalized cumulative rank (NCR) analysis as discussed by Singh and co-workers in many papers (Sanoj Kumar 2021; Singh 2017; Singh et al. 2018; Yadav et al. 2020). The idea of this analysis came from the concept of crop ideotype as given by Donald 1968. That is why, in this analysis, we are looking for ideal plant types (=crop ideotypes) that would rank relatively well or first in all parameters.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1 shows the average values of the replications.

Top few accessions of table 3 could be recommended for cultivation as they might be close to ideal plant type we are looking for. From table 3, it is clear that top 5 or 6 genotypes viz., BHU-25, HPST-16-17-16, HPAN-101, HPAN-57, PBW-677 and CRD Gehun-1 could be recommended to farmers for cultivation in this region. Standard check variety HD2967 is lagging far behind on 17th position in table 3. Therefore, top varieties are highly likely to replace the current standard check variety HD-2967gradually. However, it is also clear from table 1, 2 and 3 that none of these varieties are completely resistant to Karnal bunt. The extent of Karnal bunt infestation is ranging from $3.67\mathrm{\%}$ to $70.3\mathrm{\%}$. In worst case scenario, the less infested varieties with high relative performance could be recommended for cultivation. However, in a similar study at the same research station, another researcher

(Sanoj Kumar 2021, personal communication) has found four accessions completely resistant to Karnal bunt out of 20 screened accessions. These are HPYT-409, HPAN-153, HPYT-489 and HPYT 490. These varieties, totally resistant to Karnal bunt, should be recommended for cultivation in this region. Karnal bunt has shown its presence in this region and it should be controlled in its initial stages.

This analysis is shown step by step for the comprehension of students, but to be precise, table 1 and table 2 could be merged into a single table and again the data could be sorted in increasing order based on CR or NCR. Thus, the whole paper could be summarized in a single table as given in table 4. This is being referred to as precise varietal recommender system.