## I. INTRODUCTION Shear wall is a structural element used to resist lateral/horizontal/shear forces parallel to the plane of the wall by: - Cantilever action for slender walls where the bending deformation is dominant. - Truss action for squat/short walls where the shear deformation is dominant. Shear walls resist two types of forces: shear forces and uplift forces. Connections to the Structure above transfer horizontal forces to the shear wall. This transfer creates shear forces throughout the height of the wall between the top and bottom shear wall connections. The strength of the lumber, sheathing and fasteners must resist these shear forces or the wall will tear or "shear" apart uplift forces exist on shear walls because the horizontal forces are applied to the top of the wall. These uplift forces try to lift up one end of the wall and push the other end down. In some cases, the uplift force is large enough to tip the wall over. Uplift forces are greater on tall short walls and less on low long walls. Bearing walls have less uplift than non-bearing walls because gravity loads on shear walls help them resist uplift. Shear walls need holddown devices at each End when the gravity loads cannot resist all of the uplift. The holddown device then provides the necessary uplift resistance. ### a) Site Selection The seismic motion that reaches a structure on the surface of the earth is influenced by local soil conditions. The subsurface soil layers underlying the building foundation may amplify the response of the building to earthquake motions originating in the bedrock. For soft soils the earthquake vibrations can be significantly amplified and hence the shaking of structures sited on soft soils can be much greater than for structures sited on hard soils. Hence the appropriate soil investigation should be carried out to establish the allowable bearing capacity and nature of soil. The choice of a site for a building from the failure prevention point of view is mainly concerned with the stability of the ground. The very loose sands or sensitive clays are liable to be destroyed by the earthquake, so much as to lose their original structure and thereby undergo compaction. This would result in large unequal settlements and damage the building. If the loose cohesion less soils are saturated with water they are likely to lose their shear resistance altogether during ground shaking. This leads to liquefaction. Although such soils can be compacted, for small buildings the operation may be too costly and the sites having these soils are better avoided. For large building complexes, such as housing developments, new colonies, etc. this factor should be thoroughly investigated and the site has to be selected appropriately. Therefore a site with sufficient bearing capacity and free from the above defects should be chosen and its drainage condition improved so that no water accumulates and saturates the ground especially close to the footing level. ### b) Bearing Capacity of Foundation Soil I. Hard - Those soils, which have an allowable bearing capacity of more than $10\mathrm{t} / \mathrm{m}2$ II. Medium - Those soils, which have an allowable bearing capacity less than or equal to $10\mathrm{t} / \mathrm{m}2$ III. Soft - Those soils, which are liable to large differential settlement or liquefaction during an earthquake. ## II. METHODOLOGY ### a) Dynamic Analysis Dynamic analysis shall be performed to obtain the design seismic force, and its distribution in different levels along the height of the building, and in the various lateral load resisting element, for the following buildings: Regular buildings: Those greater than $40\mathrm{m}$ in height in zones IV and V, those greater than $90\mathrm{m}$ in height in zone II and III. Irregular Buildings: All framed buildings higher than 12m in zones IV and V, and those greater than 40m in height in zones II and III. The analysis of model for dynamic analysis of buildings with unusual configuration should be such that it adequately models the types of irregularities present in the building configuration. Buildings with plan irregularities, as defined in IS code: 1893-2002 cannot be modeled for dynamic analysis. Dynamic analysis may be performed either by the TIME HISTORY METHOD or by the RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD. ### b) Response Spectrum Method The word spectrum in engineering conveys the idea that the response of buildings having a broad range of periods is summarized in a single graph. This method shall be performed using the design spectrum specified in code or by a site-specific design spectrum for a structure prepared at a project site. The values of damping for building may be taken as 2 and 5 percent of the critical, for the purposes of dynamic of steel and reinforce concrete buildings, respectively. For most buildings, inelastic response can be expected to occur during a major earthquake, implying that an inelastic analysis is more proper for design. However, in spite of the availability of nonlinear inelastic programs, they are not used in typical design practice because: 1. Their proper use requires knowledge of their inner workings and theories. design criteria, and 2. Result produced are difficult to interpret and apply to traditional design criteria, and 3. The necessary computations are expensive. Therefore, analysis in practice typically use linear elastic procedures based on the response spectrum method. The response spectrum analysis is the preferred method because it is easier to use. ### c) Response Spectrum Analysis This method is also known as modal method or mode superposition method. It is based on the idea that the response of a building is the superposition of the responses of individual modes of vibration, each mode responding with its own particular deformed shape, its own frequency, and with its own modal damping. According to IS-1893(Part-I):2002, high rise and irregular buildings must be analyzed by response spectrum method using design spectra. There are significant computational advantages using response spectra method of seismic analysis for prediction of displacements and member forces in structural systems. The method involves only the calculation of the maximum values of the displacements and member forces in each mode using smooth spectra that are the average of several earthquake motions. Sufficient modes to capture such that at least $90\%$ of the participating mass of the building (in each of two orthogonal principle horizontal directions) have to be considered for the analysis. The analysis is performed to determine the base shear for each mode using given building characteristics and ground motion spectra. And then the storey forces, accelerations, and displacements are calculated for each mode, and are combined statistically using the SRSS combination. However, in this method, the design base shear $(V_{\mathrm{B}})$ shall be compared with a base shear $(V_{\mathrm{b}})$ calculated using a fundamental period T. If is less than response quantities are (for example member forces, displacements, storey forces, storey shears and base reactions) multiplied by $V_{\mathrm{B}}$ / Response spectrum method of analysis shall be performed using design spectrum. In case design spectrum is specifically prepared for a structure at a particular project site, the same may be used for design at the discretion of the project authorities. ## III. MODELING OF BUILDING ### a) Details of the Building A symmetrical building of plan $38.5\mathrm{m} \times 35.5\mathrm{m}$ located with location in zone V, India is considered. Four bays of length $7.5\mathrm{m}$ & one bays of length $8.5\mathrm{m}$ along X - direction and Four bays of length $7.5\mathrm{m}$ & one bays of length $5.5\mathrm{m}$ along Y - direction are provided. Shear Wall is provided at the center core of building model. Structure 1: G+29 storey building with plus shape shear wall at the center of structure. Structure 2: G+29 storey building with box shape shear wall at the center of structure. Structure 3: G+29 storey building with C-shape shear wall at the center of structure. Structure 4: G+29 storey building with E-shape shear wall at the center of structure. Structure 5: G+29 storey building with l-shape shear wall at the center of structure. ### b) Load Combinations As per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 Clause no. 6.3.1.2, the following load cases have to be considered for analysis: - 1.5 (DL + IL) - 1.2 $(\mathsf{DL} + \mathsf{IL}\pm \mathsf{EL})$ - 1.5 (DL ± EL) - 0.9 DL ± 1.5 EL Earthquake load must be considered for $+X$, $-X$, $+Y$ and $-Y$ directions. Table 1: Details of the Building <table><tr><td>Building Parameters</td><td>Details</td></tr><tr><td>Type of frame</td><td>Special RC moment resisting frame fixed at the base</td></tr><tr><td>Building plan</td><td>38.5m X 35.5m</td></tr><tr><td>Number of storeys</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Floor height</td><td>3.5 m</td></tr><tr><td>Depth of Slab</td><td>225 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Size of beam</td><td>(300 × 600) mm</td></tr><tr><td>Size of column (exterior)</td><td>(1250×1250) mm up to story five</td></tr><tr><td>Size of column (exterior)</td><td>(900×900) mm Above story five</td></tr><tr><td>Size of column (interior)</td><td>(1250×1250) mm up to story ten</td></tr><tr><td>Size of column (interior)</td><td>(900×900) mm Above story ten</td></tr><tr><td>Spacing between frames</td><td>7.5-8.5 m along x - direction 7.5-5.5 m along y - direction</td></tr><tr><td>Live load on floor</td><td>4 KN/m2</td></tr><tr><td>Floor finish</td><td>2.5 KN/m2</td></tr><tr><td>Wall load</td><td>25 KN/m</td></tr><tr><td>Grade of Concrete</td><td>M 50 concrete</td></tr><tr><td>Grade of Steel</td><td>Fe 500</td></tr><tr><td>Thickness of shear wall</td><td>450 mm</td></tr><tr><td>Seismic zone</td><td>V</td></tr><tr><td>Important Factor</td><td>1.5</td></tr><tr><td>Density of concrete</td><td>25 KN/m3</td></tr><tr><td>Type of soil</td><td>Soft, Medium, Hard Soil Type I=Soft Soil Soil Type II=Medium Soil Soil Type III=Hard Soil</td></tr><tr><td>Response spectra</td><td>As per IS 1893(Part-1):2002</td></tr><tr><td>Damping of structure</td><td>5 percent</td></tr></table>   Figure 1: Plan of the Structure 1  Figure 2: 3D view showing shear wall location for Structure 1  Figure 3: Plan of the Structure 2  Figure 4: 3D view showing shear wall location for Structure 2  Figure 5: Plan of the Structure 3  Figure 6: 3D view showing shear wall location for Structure 3  Figure 7: Plan of the Structure 4  Figure 8: 3D view showing shear wall location for Structure 4  Figure 9: Plan of the Structure 5  Figure 10: 3D view showing shear wall location for Structure 5 ## IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 2: Lateral loads of structures in soft soil in X - direction with load cases EQXP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>725.0746</td><td>788.0822</td><td>779.3094</td><td>734.6607</td><td>787.3047</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>735.3706</td><td>802.651</td><td>786.6752</td><td>748.8055</td><td>794.5243</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>688.2655</td><td>751.2361</td><td>736.2837</td><td>700.8398</td><td>743.6301</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>642.7194</td><td>701.523</td><td>687.5601</td><td>654.4617</td><td>694.4203</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>598.7324</td><td>653.5115</td><td>640.5042</td><td>609.671</td><td>646.8949</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>556.3045</td><td>607.2018</td><td>595.1161</td><td>566.4679</td><td>601.054</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>515.4355</td><td>562.5936</td><td>551.3959</td><td>524.8523</td><td>556.8975</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>476.1256</td><td>519.6872</td><td>509.3435</td><td>484.8242</td><td>514.4255</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>438.3747</td><td>478.4824</td><td>468.9588</td><td>446.3836</td><td>473.6379</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>402.1829</td><td>438.9793</td><td>430.242</td><td>409.5306</td><td>434.5348</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>367.5501</td><td>401.1779</td><td>393.1929</td><td>374.265</td><td>397.1161</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>334.4763</td><td>365.0781</td><td>357.8117</td><td>340.587</td><td>361.3818</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>302.9615</td><td>330.68</td><td>324.0983</td><td>308.4965</td><td>327.332</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>273.0058</td><td>297.9836</td><td>292.0526</td><td>277.9935</td><td>294.9666</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>244.6091</td><td>266.9889</td><td>261.6748</td><td>249.0781</td><td>264.2857</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>217.7715</td><td>237.6958</td><td>232.9648</td><td>221.7501</td><td>235.2892</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>192.4929</td><td>210.1044</td><td>205.9225</td><td>196.0097</td><td>207.9772</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>168.7733</td><td>184.2147</td><td>180.5481</td><td>171.8567</td><td>182.3496</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>146.6128</td><td>160.0266</td><td>156.8415</td><td>149.2913</td><td>158.4064</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>126.0113</td><td>137.5403</td><td>134.8027</td><td>128.3134</td><td>136.1477</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>108.2038</td><td>117.9886</td><td>115.6639</td><td>110.1585</td><td>116.8056</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>91.6609</td><td>99.8447</td><td>97.8991</td><td>93.2966</td><td>98.8543</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>75.3493</td><td>82.0768</td><td>80.4774</td><td>76.6939</td><td>81.2626</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>60.6347</td><td>66.0484</td><td>64.7614</td><td>61.7167</td><td>65.3932</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>47.517</td><td>51.7595</td><td>50.7509</td><td>48.3649</td><td>51.2461</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>37.0427</td><td>40.255</td><td>39.4902</td><td>37.6855</td><td>39.8653</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>27.6428</td><td>29.9683</td><td>29.4137</td><td>28.1087</td><td>29.6854</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>18.8144</td><td>20.3971</td><td>20.0197</td><td>19.1315</td><td>20.2046</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>11.6791</td><td>12.6616</td><td>12.4273</td><td>11.8759</td><td>12.5421</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>6.2369</td><td>6.7616</td><td>6.6365</td><td>6.342</td><td>6.6978</td></tr><tr><td>PLINT H</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>1.3465</td><td>1.4296</td><td>1.3634</td><td>1.3978</td><td>1.3887</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>   Graph 1: Lateral loads of structures in soft soil in X - direction with load cases EQXP Table 3: Lateral loads of Structures in Medium Soil in X - Direction with load cases EQXP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>986.1014</td><td>1071.7918</td><td>1059.8608</td><td>1065.8278</td><td>1070.7344</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1000.104</td><td>1091.6053</td><td>1069.8782</td><td>1080.7416</td><td>1080.5531</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>936.0411</td><td>1021.6812</td><td>1001.3458</td><td>1011.5134</td><td>1011.3369</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>874.0984</td><td>954.0713</td><td>935.0817</td><td>944.5763</td><td>944.4116</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>814.2761</td><td>888.7757</td><td>871.0857</td><td>879.9306</td><td>879.7771</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>756.5741</td><td>825.7944</td><td>809.358</td><td>817.5761</td><td>817.4335</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>700.9923</td><td>765.1273</td><td>749.8984</td><td>757.5128</td><td>757.3806</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>647.5308</td><td>706.7746</td><td>692.7071</td><td>699.7407</td><td>699.6187</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>596.1896</td><td>650.7361</td><td>637.784</td><td>644.2599</td><td>644.1476</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>546.9687</td><td>597.0119</td><td>585.1291</td><td>591.0704</td><td>590.9673</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>499.8681</td><td>545.6019</td><td>534.7424</td><td>540.1721</td><td>540.0779</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>454.8877</td><td>496.5062</td><td>486.6239</td><td>491.565</td><td>491.4793</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>412.0277</td><td>449.7248</td><td>440.7736</td><td>445.2492</td><td>445.1715</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>371.2879</td><td>405.2577</td><td>397.1916</td><td>401.2246</td><td>401.1546</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>332.6684</td><td>363.1049</td><td>355.8777</td><td>359.4912</td><td>359.4285</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>296.1692</td><td>323.2663</td><td>316.8321</td><td>320.0491</td><td>319.9933</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>261.7903</td><td>285.742</td><td>280.0547</td><td>282.8983</td><td>282.8489</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>229.5317</td><td>250.532</td><td>245.5454</td><td>248.0387</td><td>247.9954</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>199.3934</td><td>217.6362</td><td>213.3044</td><td>215.4703</td><td>215.4327</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>171.3753</td><td>187.0547</td><td>183.3316</td><td>185.1932</td><td>185.1609</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>147.1571</td><td>160.4645</td><td>157.3029</td><td>158.8837</td><td>158.8557</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>124.6588</td><td>135.7888</td><td>133.1428</td><td>134.4658</td><td>134.4418</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>102.4751</td><td>111.6245</td><td>109.4493</td><td>110.5369</td><td>110.5172</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>82.4632</td><td>89.8258</td><td>88.0755</td><td>88.9506</td><td>88.9348</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>64.6231</td><td>70.3929</td><td>69.0212</td><td>69.7071</td><td>69.6946</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>50.3781</td><td>54.7468</td><td>53.7067</td><td>54.2268</td><td>54.2168</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>37.5942</td><td>40.7568</td><td>40.0027</td><td>40.3798</td><td>40.3722</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>25.5876</td><td>27.7401</td><td>27.2268</td><td>27.4835</td><td>27.4783</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>15.8836</td><td>17.2198</td><td>16.9011</td><td>17.0604</td><td>17.0572</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>8.4822</td><td>9.1958</td><td>9.0256</td><td>9.1107</td><td>9.109</td></tr><tr><td>PLINTH</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>1.8312</td><td>1.9442</td><td>1.8543</td><td>1.8992</td><td>1.8886</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>  Graph 2: Lateral loads of structures in medium soil in X - direction with load cases EQXP Table 4: Lateral loads of structures in hard soil in X- direction with load cases EQXP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>1210.8746</td><td>1316.0973</td><td>1301.4467</td><td>1308.7739</td><td>1314.7989</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1228.0688</td><td>1340.4271</td><td>1313.7475</td><td>1327.0871</td><td>1326.8556</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>1149.4034</td><td>1254.5644</td><td>1229.5938</td><td>1242.0789</td><td>1241.8623</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1073.3415</td><td>1171.5434</td><td>1148.2253</td><td>1159.8842</td><td>1159.6819</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>999.8832</td><td>1091.3643</td><td>1069.642</td><td>1080.503</td><td>1080.3145</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>929.0284</td><td>1014.0269</td><td>993.844</td><td>1003.9353</td><td>1003.7602</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>860.7773</td><td>939.5314</td><td>920.8311</td><td>930.1811</td><td>930.0189</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>795.1297</td><td>867.8776</td><td>850.6036</td><td>859.2405</td><td>859.0906</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>732.0858</td><td>799.0656</td><td>783.1612</td><td>791.1133</td><td>790.9753</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>671.6454</td><td>733.0955</td><td>718.5041</td><td>725.7997</td><td>725.6731</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>613.8086</td><td>669.9671</td><td>656.6322</td><td>663.2995</td><td>663.1838</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>558.5754</td><td>609.6805</td><td>597.5455</td><td>603.6129</td><td>603.5076</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>505.9458</td><td>552.2357</td><td>541.2441</td><td>546.7398</td><td>546.6444</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>455.9197</td><td>497.6326</td><td>487.7279</td><td>492.6802</td><td>492.5943</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>408.4973</td><td>445.8714</td><td>436.9969</td><td>441.4341</td><td>441.3571</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>363.6784</td><td>396.952</td><td>389.0512</td><td>393.0015</td><td>392.933</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>321.4631</td><td>350.8744</td><td>343.8906</td><td>347.3825</td><td>347.3219</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>281.8514</td><td>307.6385</td><td>301.5154</td><td>304.5769</td><td>304.5238</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>244.8433</td><td>267.2445</td><td>261.9253</td><td>264.5849</td><td>264.5387</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>210.4388</td><td>229.6922</td><td>225.1205</td><td>227.4063</td><td>227.3667</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>180.7003</td><td>197.041</td><td>193.1587</td><td>195.0998</td><td>195.0654</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>153.0737</td><td>166.7407</td><td>163.4916</td><td>165.1161</td><td>165.0867</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>125.8334</td><td>137.0683</td><td>134.3973</td><td>135.7328</td><td>135.7086</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>101.26</td><td>110.3008</td><td>108.1515</td><td>109.2262</td><td>109.2067</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>79.3534</td><td>86.4384</td><td>84.754</td><td>85.5962</td><td>85.5809</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>61.8614</td><td>67.2259</td><td>65.9487</td><td>66.5873</td><td>66.5751</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>46.1635</td><td>50.047</td><td>49.1209</td><td>49.584</td><td>49.5746</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>31.42</td><td>34.0632</td><td>33.4329</td><td>33.7481</td><td>33.7417</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>19.5041</td><td>21.1449</td><td>20.7536</td><td>20.9492</td><td>20.9453</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>10.4156</td><td>11.2919</td><td>11.0829</td><td>11.1874</td><td>11.1853</td></tr><tr><td>PLINT H</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>2.2486</td><td>2.3874</td><td>2.2769</td><td>2.3321</td><td>2.3191</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>   Graph 3: Lateral loads of structures in hard soil in X - direction with load cases EQXP Table 5: Lateral loads of structures in soft soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>725.0746</td><td>788.0822</td><td>779.3094</td><td>734.6607</td><td>787.3047</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>735.3706</td><td>802.651</td><td>786.6752</td><td>748.8055</td><td>794.5243</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>688.2655</td><td>751.2361</td><td>736.2837</td><td>700.8398</td><td>743.6301</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>642.7194</td><td>701.523</td><td>687.5601</td><td>654.4617</td><td>694.4203</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>598.7324</td><td>653.5115</td><td>640.5042</td><td>609.671</td><td>646.8949</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>556.3045</td><td>607.2018</td><td>595.1161</td><td>566.4679</td><td>601.054</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>515.4355</td><td>562.5936</td><td>551.3959</td><td>524.8523</td><td>556.8975</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>476.1256</td><td>519.6872</td><td>509.3435</td><td>484.8242</td><td>514.4255</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>438.3747</td><td>478.4824</td><td>468.9588</td><td>446.3836</td><td>473.6379</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>402.1829</td><td>438.9793</td><td>430.242</td><td>409.5306</td><td>434.5348</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>367.5501</td><td>401.1779</td><td>393.1929</td><td>374.265</td><td>397.1161</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>334.4763</td><td>365.0781</td><td>357.8117</td><td>340.587</td><td>361.3818</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>302.9615</td><td>330.68</td><td>324.0983</td><td>308.4965</td><td>327.332</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>273.0058</td><td>297.9836</td><td>292.0526</td><td>277.9935</td><td>294.9666</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>244.6091</td><td>266.9889</td><td>261.6748</td><td>249.0781</td><td>264.2857</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>217.7715</td><td>237.6958</td><td>232.9648</td><td>221.7501</td><td>235.2892</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>192.4929</td><td>210.1044</td><td>205.9225</td><td>196.0097</td><td>207.9772</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>168.7733</td><td>184.2147</td><td>180.5481</td><td>171.8567</td><td>182.3496</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>146.6128</td><td>160.0266</td><td>156.8415</td><td>149.2913</td><td>158.4064</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>126.0113</td><td>137.5403</td><td>134.8027</td><td>128.3134</td><td>136.1477</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>108.2038</td><td>117.9886</td><td>115.6639</td><td>110.1585</td><td>116.8056</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>91.6609</td><td>99.8447</td><td>97.8991</td><td>93.2966</td><td>98.8543</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>75.3493</td><td>82.0768</td><td>80.4774</td><td>76.6939</td><td>81.2626</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>60.6347</td><td>66.0484</td><td>64.7614</td><td>61.7167</td><td>65.3932</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>47.517</td><td>51.7595</td><td>50.7509</td><td>48.3649</td><td>51.2461</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>37.0427</td><td>40.255</td><td>39.4902</td><td>37.6855</td><td>39.8653</td></tr></table>  Graph 4: Lateral loads of structures in soft soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP Table 6: Lateral loads of structures in medium soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>986.1014</td><td>1071.7918</td><td>1059.8608</td><td>1065.8278</td><td>1070.7344</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1000.104</td><td>1091.6053</td><td>1069.8782</td><td>1080.7416</td><td>1080.5531</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>936.0411</td><td>1021.6812</td><td>1001.3458</td><td>1011.5134</td><td>1011.3369</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>874.0984</td><td>954.0713</td><td>935.0817</td><td>944.5763</td><td>944.4116</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>814.2761</td><td>888.7757</td><td>871.0857</td><td>879.9306</td><td>879.7771</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>756.5741</td><td>825.7944</td><td>809.358</td><td>817.5761</td><td>817.4335</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>700.9923</td><td>765.1273</td><td>749.8984</td><td>757.5128</td><td>757.3806</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>647.5308</td><td>706.7746</td><td>692.7071</td><td>699.7407</td><td>699.6187</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>596.1896</td><td>650.7361</td><td>637.784</td><td>644.2599</td><td>644.1476</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>546.9687</td><td>597.0119</td><td>585.1291</td><td>591.0704</td><td>590.9673</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>499.8681</td><td>545.6019</td><td>534.7424</td><td>540.1721</td><td>540.0779</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>454.8877</td><td>496.5062</td><td>486.6239</td><td>491.565</td><td>491.4793</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>412.0277</td><td>449.7248</td><td>440.7736</td><td>445.2492</td><td>445.1715</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>371.2879</td><td>405.2577</td><td>397.1916</td><td>401.2246</td><td>401.1546</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>332.6684</td><td>363.1049</td><td>355.8777</td><td>359.4912</td><td>359.4285</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>296.1692</td><td>323.2663</td><td>316.8321</td><td>320.0491</td><td>319.9933</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>261.7903</td><td>285.742</td><td>280.0547</td><td>282.8983</td><td>282.8489</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>229.5317</td><td>250.532</td><td>245.5454</td><td>248.0387</td><td>247.9954</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>199.3934</td><td>217.6362</td><td>213.3044</td><td>215.4703</td><td>215.4327</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>171.3753</td><td>187.0547</td><td>183.3316</td><td>185.1932</td><td>185.1609</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>147.1571</td><td>160.4645</td><td>157.3029</td><td>158.8837</td><td>158.8557</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>124.6588</td><td>135.7888</td><td>133.1428</td><td>134.4658</td><td>134.4418</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>102.4751</td><td>111.6245</td><td>109.4493</td><td>110.5369</td><td>110.5172</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>82.4632</td><td>89.8258</td><td>88.0755</td><td>88.9506</td><td>88.9348</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>64.6231</td><td>70.3929</td><td>69.0212</td><td>69.7071</td><td>69.6946</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>50.3781</td><td>54.7468</td><td>53.7067</td><td>54.2268</td><td>54.2168</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>37.5942</td><td>40.7568</td><td>40.0027</td><td>40.3798</td><td>40.3722</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>25.5876</td><td>27.7401</td><td>27.2268</td><td>27.4835</td><td>27.4783</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>15.8836</td><td>17.2198</td><td>16.9011</td><td>17.0604</td><td>17.0572</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>8.4822</td><td>9.1958</td><td>9.0256</td><td>9.1107</td><td>9.109</td></tr><tr><td>PLINTH</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>1.8312</td><td>1.9442</td><td>1.8543</td><td>1.8992</td><td>1.8886</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>   Graph 5: Lateral loads of structures in medium soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP Table 7: Lateral loads of structures in hard soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP"kN" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>1210.8746</td><td>1316.0973</td><td>1301.4467</td><td>1308.7739</td><td>1314.7989</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1228.0688</td><td>1340.4271</td><td>1313.7475</td><td>1327.0871</td><td>1326.8556</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>1149.4034</td><td>1254.5644</td><td>1229.5938</td><td>1242.0789</td><td>1241.8623</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1073.3415</td><td>1171.5434</td><td>1148.2253</td><td>1159.8842</td><td>1159.6819</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>999.8832</td><td>1091.3643</td><td>1069.642</td><td>1080.503</td><td>1080.3145</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>929.0284</td><td>1014.0269</td><td>993.844</td><td>1003.9353</td><td>1003.7602</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>860.7773</td><td>939.5314</td><td>920.8311</td><td>930.1811</td><td>930.0189</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>795.1297</td><td>867.8776</td><td>850.6036</td><td>859.2405</td><td>859.0906</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>732.0858</td><td>799.0656</td><td>783.1612</td><td>791.1133</td><td>790.9753</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>671.6454</td><td>733.0955</td><td>718.5041</td><td>725.7997</td><td>725.6731</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>613.8086</td><td>669.9671</td><td>656.6322</td><td>663.2995</td><td>663.1838</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>558.5754</td><td>609.6805</td><td>597.5455</td><td>603.6129</td><td>603.5076</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>505.9458</td><td>552.2357</td><td>541.2441</td><td>546.7398</td><td>546.6444</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>455.9197</td><td>497.6326</td><td>487.7279</td><td>492.6802</td><td>492.5943</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>408.4973</td><td>445.8714</td><td>436.9969</td><td>441.4341</td><td>441.3571</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>363.6784</td><td>396.952</td><td>389.0512</td><td>393.0015</td><td>392.933</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>321.4631</td><td>350.8744</td><td>343.8906</td><td>347.3825</td><td>347.3219</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>281.8514</td><td>307.6385</td><td>301.5154</td><td>304.5769</td><td>304.5238</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>244.8433</td><td>267.2445</td><td>261.9253</td><td>264.5849</td><td>264.5387</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>210.4388</td><td>229.6922</td><td>225.1205</td><td>227.4063</td><td>227.3667</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>180.7003</td><td>197.041</td><td>193.1587</td><td>195.0998</td><td>195.0654</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>153.0737</td><td>166.7407</td><td>163.4916</td><td>165.1161</td><td>165.0867</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>125.8334</td><td>137.0683</td><td>134.3973</td><td>135.7328</td><td>135.7086</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>101.26</td><td>110.3008</td><td>108.1515</td><td>109.2262</td><td>109.2067</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>79.3534</td><td>86.4384</td><td>84.754</td><td>85.5962</td><td>85.5809</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>61.8614</td><td>67.2259</td><td>65.9487</td><td>66.5873</td><td>66.5751</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>46.1635</td><td>50.047</td><td>49.1209</td><td>49.584</td><td>49.5746</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>31.42</td><td>34.0632</td><td>33.4329</td><td>33.7481</td><td>33.7417</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>19.5041</td><td>21.1449</td><td>20.7536</td><td>20.9492</td><td>20.9453</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>10.4156</td><td>11.2919</td><td>11.0829</td><td>11.1874</td><td>11.1853</td></tr><tr><td>PLINT H</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>2.2486</td><td>2.3874</td><td>2.2769</td><td>2.3321</td><td>2.3191</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>  Graph 6: Lateral loads of structures in hard soil in Y - direction with load cases EQYP Table 8: Storey stiffness of structures in X - direction with load cases EQXP "kN/m" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>143022.831</td><td>158381.126</td><td>181178.624</td><td>172953.339</td><td>127169.993</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>270359.127</td><td>304820.61</td><td>337174.461</td><td>327254.392</td><td>248172.464</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>381794.982</td><td>426099.529</td><td>452428.891</td><td>444924.118</td><td>354071.082</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>472732.209</td><td>521829.67</td><td>532910.668</td><td>530105.692</td><td>443372.828</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>545503.246</td><td>596139.507</td><td>588332.598</td><td>590667.978</td><td>517614.83</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>603792.812</td><td>653296.417</td><td>626524.22</td><td>633562.623</td><td>578646.371</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>650454.136</td><td>697244.731</td><td>653166.633</td><td>664160.849</td><td>628581.824</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>688057.119</td><td>731243.736</td><td>672113.127</td><td>686302.445</td><td>669461.512</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>718725.486</td><td>757866.004</td><td>685929.768</td><td>702657.154</td><td>703133.112</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>744162.046</td><td>779096.613</td><td>696324.49</td><td>715067.826</td><td>731206.128</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>765727.986</td><td>796459.142</td><td>704448.847</td><td>724816.109</td><td>755057.429</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>784518.418</td><td>811132.376</td><td>711098.396</td><td>732811.079</td><td>775860.721</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>801430.979</td><td>824047.802</td><td>716844.342</td><td>739719.634</td><td>794626.165</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>817225.311</td><td>835968.22</td><td>722121.338</td><td>746057.058</td><td>812242.984</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>832574.637</td><td>847551.522</td><td>727288.787</td><td>752252.191</td><td>829522.4</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>848111.52</td><td>859404.644</td><td>732677.128</td><td>758697.633</td><td>847240.753</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>864462.491</td><td>872134.49</td><td>738629.876</td><td>765794.668</td><td>866186.754</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>882365.473</td><td>886388.491</td><td>745533.46</td><td>773989.455</td><td>887202.279</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>902632.028</td><td>903005.62</td><td>753948.505</td><td>783882.482</td><td>911331.37</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>925075.51</td><td>922254.804</td><td>764089.67</td><td>795870.555</td><td>939235.164</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>956816.406</td><td>948997.572</td><td>779932.279</td><td>813399.858</td><td>975316.477</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>988643.743</td><td>977803.611</td><td>796504.379</td><td>832552.458</td><td>1015663.136</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>1030418.09</td><td>1015463.943</td><td>818704.224</td><td>857870.998</td><td>1067325.405</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1083371.397</td><td>1064358.095</td><td>848785.417</td><td>891839.923</td><td>1133147.012</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>1154692.733</td><td>1130715.464</td><td>891201.329</td><td>939154.717</td><td>1220632.072</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1258596.787</td><td>1226013.876</td><td>953467.383</td><td>1007354.759</td><td>1343308.893</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>1375721.385</td><td>1339481.13</td><td>1025949.531</td><td>1089305.176</td><td>1494603.693</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1560244.267</td><td>1516467.16</td><td>1140460.746</td><td>1217443.451</td><td>1727466.79</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>1857338.108</td><td>1806840.251</td><td>1334049.241</td><td>1432837.445</td><td>2105070.037</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>2395459.119</td><td>2358089.455</td><td>1721543.629</td><td>1866169.209</td><td>2813604.443</td></tr><tr><td>PLINT H</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>3052958.805</td><td>3044220.373</td><td>2202808.66</td><td>2409798.589</td><td>3716538.982</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>  Graph 7: Storey stiffness of structures in X - direction with load cases EQXP Table 9: Storey stiffness of structures in Y - direction with load cases EQYP "kN/m" <table><tr><td>Story</td><td>Elevation (m)</td><td>Location</td><td>Structure -1</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>30TH</td><td>111</td><td>Top</td><td>164522.123</td><td>114244.812</td><td>117056.012</td><td>116081.044</td><td>119164.119</td></tr><tr><td>29TH</td><td>107.5</td><td>Top</td><td>302993.412</td><td>225651.248</td><td>227824.991</td><td>227134.567</td><td>229810.931</td></tr><tr><td>28TH</td><td>104</td><td>Top</td><td>408677.202</td><td>325183.311</td><td>325767.682</td><td>325289.284</td><td>328402.199</td></tr><tr><td>27TH</td><td>100.5</td><td>Top</td><td>483340.501</td><td>411537.184</td><td>409355.2</td><td>409057.523</td><td>413473.499</td></tr><tr><td>26TH</td><td>97</td><td>Top</td><td>535680.552</td><td>485686.066</td><td>479807.335</td><td>479661.571</td><td>486134.555</td></tr><tr><td>25TH</td><td>93.5</td><td>Top</td><td>572640.814</td><td>548807.058</td><td>538651.644</td><td>538628.011</td><td>547831.972</td></tr><tr><td>24TH</td><td>90</td><td>Top</td><td>599109.141</td><td>602365.639</td><td>587629.396</td><td>587701.998</td><td>600146.012</td></tr><tr><td>23RD</td><td>86.5</td><td>Top</td><td>618482.871</td><td>647862.407</td><td>628449.358</td><td>628596.387</td><td>644624.109</td></tr><tr><td>22ND</td><td>83</td><td>Top</td><td>633043.22</td><td>686736.82</td><td>662687.248</td><td>662891.088</td><td>682702.979</td></tr><tr><td>21ST</td><td>79.5</td><td>Top</td><td>644330.251</td><td>720312.671</td><td>691743.325</td><td>691990.14</td><td>715677.877</td></tr><tr><td>20TH</td><td>76</td><td>Top</td><td>653399.721</td><td>749782.672</td><td>716840.128</td><td>717119.319</td><td>744700.513</td></tr><tr><td>19TH</td><td>72.5</td><td>Top</td><td>660994.311</td><td>776214.996</td><td>739041.147</td><td>739344.806</td><td>770793.357</td></tr><tr><td>18TH</td><td>69</td><td>Top</td><td>667657.281</td><td>800572.833</td><td>759279.767</td><td>759602.203</td><td>794872.745</td></tr><tr><td>17TH</td><td>65.5</td><td>Top</td><td>673808.885</td><td>823741.302</td><td>778392.658</td><td>778730.008</td><td>817776.659</td></tr><tr><td>16TH</td><td>62</td><td>Top</td><td>679800.36</td><td>846559.21</td><td>797155.23</td><td>797505.172</td><td>840295.4</td></tr><tr><td>15TH</td><td>58.5</td><td>Top</td><td>685957.017</td><td>869854.874</td><td>816318.844</td><td>816680.403</td><td>863205.201</td></tr><tr><td>14TH</td><td>55</td><td>Top</td><td>692607.423</td><td>894490.095</td><td>836652.716</td><td>837026.241</td><td>887306.209</td></tr><tr><td>13TH</td><td>51.5</td><td>Top</td><td>700142.534</td><td>921398.569</td><td>858984.397</td><td>859371.155</td><td>913466.212</td></tr><tr><td>12TH</td><td>48</td><td>Top</td><td>709147.826</td><td>951743.906</td><td>884315.986</td><td>884720.614</td><td>942691.624</td></tr><tr><td>11TH</td><td>44.5</td><td>Top</td><td>719304.159</td><td>986339.518</td><td>913212.154</td><td>913640.643</td><td>975623.28</td></tr><tr><td>10TH</td><td>41</td><td>Top</td><td>736444.19</td><td>1029690.263</td><td>951180.036</td><td>951607.325</td><td>1019626.35</td></tr><tr><td>9TH</td><td>37.5</td><td>Top</td><td>752520.322</td><td>1078251.194</td><td>991814.364</td><td>992308.273</td><td>1064004.896</td></tr><tr><td>8TH</td><td>34</td><td>Top</td><td>774346.165</td><td>1139475.911</td><td>1043844.75</td><td>1044407.058</td><td>1120733.923</td></tr><tr><td>7TH</td><td>30.5</td><td>Top</td><td>803524.748</td><td>1216576.372</td><td>1109749.81</td><td>1110394.829</td><td>1192207.735</td></tr><tr><td>6TH</td><td>27</td><td>Top</td><td>844489.543</td><td>1317689.178</td><td>1197560.369</td><td>1198282.023</td><td>1287976.983</td></tr><tr><td>5TH</td><td>23.5</td><td>Top</td><td>906254.456</td><td>1457780.887</td><td>1321130.921</td><td>1321932.941</td><td>1422330.025</td></tr><tr><td>4TH</td><td>20</td><td>Top</td><td>973343.501</td><td>1633059.784</td><td>1466950.928</td><td>1468099.344</td><td>1570334.519</td></tr><tr><td>3RD</td><td>16.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1080765.084</td><td>1900437.015</td><td>1690646.807</td><td>1692303.93</td><td>1794350.918</td></tr><tr><td>2ND</td><td>13</td><td>Top</td><td>1262128.804</td><td>2332077.853</td><td>2046043.726</td><td>2048530.453</td><td>2138462.884</td></tr><tr><td>1ST</td><td>9.5</td><td>Top</td><td>1611231.402</td><td>3148215.488</td><td>2694593.565</td><td>2698550.737</td><td>2728249.129</td></tr><tr><td>PLINT H</td><td>6</td><td>Top</td><td>2029896.11</td><td>4184894.988</td><td>3491010.809</td><td>3496978.337</td><td>3423591.625</td></tr><tr><td>Base</td><td>0</td><td>Top</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td></tr></table>  Graph 8: Storey stiffness of structures in Y - direction with load cases EQYP Table 10: Comparison percentage of story lateral loads in soft soil of structures 2,3,4,5 with structure -1 <table><tr><td colspan="2">Story lateral loads</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>Load Case</td><td>Direction</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td></tr><tr><td>EQXP</td><td>X</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>2%</td><td>7%</td></tr><tr><td>EQYP</td><td>Y</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>2%</td><td>7%</td></tr></table> Table 11: Comparison percentage of story lateral loads in medium soil of structures 2,3,4,5 with structure -1 <table><tr><td colspan="2">Story lateral loads</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>Load Case</td><td>Direction</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td></tr><tr><td>EQXP</td><td>X</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>7%</td><td>7%</td></tr><tr><td>EQYP</td><td>Y</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>7%</td><td>7%</td></tr></table> Table 12: Comparison percentage of story lateral loads in hard soil of structures 2,3,4,5 with structure -1 <table><tr><td colspan="2">Story lateral loads</td><td>Structure -2</td><td>Structure -3</td><td>Structure -4</td><td>Structure -5</td></tr><tr><td>Load Case</td><td>Direction</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td><td>Percentage</td></tr><tr><td>EQXP</td><td>X</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>7%</td><td>7%</td></tr><tr><td>EQYP</td><td>Y</td><td>8%</td><td>6%</td><td>7%</td><td>7%</td></tr></table> ### a) Discussion on Results When a structure is subjected to earthquake, it responds by vibrating. An example force can be resolved into three mutually perpendicular directions: two horizontal directions (X and Y directions) and the vertical direction (Z). This motion causes the structure to vibrate or shake in all three directions; the predominant direction of shaking is horizontal. All the structures are primarily designed for gravity loads-force equal to mass time's gravity in the vertical direction. Because of the inherent factor used in the design specifications, most structures tend to be adequately protected against vertical shaking. Vertical acceleration should also be considered in structures with large spans those in which   stability for design, or for overall stability analysis of structures. The basic intent of design theory for earthquake resistant structures is that buildings should be able to resist minor earthquakes without damage, resist moderate earthquakes without structural damage but with some non-structural damage. To avoid collapse during a major earthquake, Members must be ductile enough to absorb and dissipate energy by post elastic deformation. Redundancy in the structural system permits redistribution of internal forces in the event of the failure of key elements. When the primary element or system yields or fails, the lateral force can be redistributed to a secondary system to prevent progressive failure. The structures are supported on soil, most of the designers do not consider the soil structure interaction and its subsequent effect on structures during an earthquake. When a structure is subjected to an earthquake excitation, it interacts with the foundation and the soil, and thus changes the motion of the ground. This means that the movement of the whole ground-structure system is influenced by the type of soil as well as by the type of structure. Understanding of soil structure interaction will enable the designer to design structures that will behave better during an earthquake. ## V. CONCLUSIONS In this paper, reinforced concrete shear wall buildings were analyzed with the procedures laid out in IS codes. Seismic performance of building model is evaluated. In this study, regular shaped structures have been considered. Estimation of structural response was carried out for Dual frame system with shear wall structure. From the above results and discussions, following conclusions can be drawn: - Building with box shape shear walls provided at the center core showed better performance in term of storey stiffness and lateral loads. - Provision of the shear wall, generally results in reducing the displacement because the shear wall increases the stiffness of the building. - It is observed that the value of stiffness in X & Y-direction is same for all models with a different type of soil. - The value of the lateral loads in x-direction for all models decreases with increase in storey level and also The value of the lateral loads in x-direction for all models in soft soil is less compared with the structure in medium soil and hard soil, lateral loads in X-direction for all models in soft soil <Medium soil < hard soil. - Percentage of lateral load for all three type of soil is same. - For severe lateral loads caused by wind load and or earthquake load, the reinforced shear wall is obvious. Because, it produces less deflection and less bending moment in connecting beams under lateral loads than all others structural system. - It is evident that shear walls which are provided from the foundation to the rooftop, are one of the excellent mean for providing earthquake resistant to multistory reinforced building with different type of soil. - ETABS is the advanced software which is used for analysing any kind of building structures. By its fast and accuracy it can easily analyses buildings up to 40 floors, ETABS can analyse any building structure with pre-determined load conditions and load combinations for shear walls regarding IS codes. ## ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Conflict of Interest The author declare no conflict of interest. Data Availability Statement All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this article.

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