Role of Interleukin-5 in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Eosinophilic Asthma

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Nightingale Syabbalo
Nightingale Syabbalo

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Role of Interleukin-5 in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Eosinophilic Asthma

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Abstract

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease with several distinct phenotypes characterized by different immune pathological pathways, clinical features, disease severity, physiology, and response to treatment. Approximately 50% of patients with stable chronic asthma have the eosinophilic phenotype, whereas the remainder have the non-eosinophilic asthma. Eosinophilic asthma is the most common phenotype in children with acute severe asthma, but neutrophilic asthma is the most common in adult patients presenting with acute severe asthma. T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, such as interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-4, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoitein (TSLP), play a very important role in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic asthma. Interlukin-5 is the pivotal cytokine responsible for the proliferation, differentiation, activation, and survival of eosinophils; and promotion of eosinophil migration and airway eosinophilia. Activated eosinophils secrete granular cytotoxic cationic proteins, such as major basic protein, eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, eosinohil-derived peroxide, and reactive oxygen species.

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No external funding was declared for this work.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

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How to Cite This Article

Nightingale Syabbalo. 2020. \u201cRole of Interleukin-5 in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Eosinophilic Asthma\u201d. Global Journal of Medical Research - F: Diseases GJMR-F Volume 20 (GJMR Volume 20 Issue F9): .

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Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjmra

Print ISSN 0975-5888

e-ISSN 2249-4618

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GJMR-F Classification: NLMC Code: WF 140
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v1.2

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October 5, 2020

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en
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Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease with several distinct phenotypes characterized by different immune pathological pathways, clinical features, disease severity, physiology, and response to treatment. Approximately 50% of patients with stable chronic asthma have the eosinophilic phenotype, whereas the remainder have the non-eosinophilic asthma. Eosinophilic asthma is the most common phenotype in children with acute severe asthma, but neutrophilic asthma is the most common in adult patients presenting with acute severe asthma. T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, such as interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-4, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoitein (TSLP), play a very important role in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic asthma. Interlukin-5 is the pivotal cytokine responsible for the proliferation, differentiation, activation, and survival of eosinophils; and promotion of eosinophil migration and airway eosinophilia. Activated eosinophils secrete granular cytotoxic cationic proteins, such as major basic protein, eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, eosinohil-derived peroxide, and reactive oxygen species.

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Role of Interleukin-5 in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Eosinophilic Asthma

Nightingale Syabbalo
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