Tamil Silappathikaram and the Greek Argonautica and Medea – Comparative Literary Mythological Studies on Characterising and the Philosophy of Fate and Chastity

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D Pugazhendhi
D Pugazhendhi
α University of Madras University of Madras

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Tamil Silappathikaram and the Greek Argonautica and Medea – Comparative Literary Mythological Studies on Characterising and the Philosophy of Fate and Chastity

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Abstract

Epics Argonautica and Medea were written in the Greek language a nd the epic Silappathikaram was written in the Tamil language. Even though these epics were written in two different languages, both mention the Kingdom of Pandion. More than that, the epics in both these languages exhibit heroism, one in a pair, proficiency of music, extreme affection for husband and the theory of fate and chastity. Above all, they also mention about their foreign trade contacts. The Greek myth mentioned about the lack of clarity in the sorrow happenings and it authorised the house of the God which is not understandable. The Tamil philosophy mentions that according to the action of the individual he or she gets happiness or sorrow. So the reason for the sorrow is not in the hands of the God as in Greek, but with the human being oneself.

References

18 Cites in Article
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  2. David Kovacs Hippolytos, Euripides.
  3. David Kovacs Medea, Euripides.
  4. B Swapna,A Maheswari,Chinchu Nair,R Balaji (1991). Bi-Lingual Programming: C And Python For Modern Coders.
  5. George Mooney,. (1912). Argonautica. Apollonius Rhodius.
  6. A Godley (1920). The Histories Herodotus.
  7. W Jones (1918). Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece.
  8. H Jones (1924). The Geography of Strabo, Strabo.
  9. A Meineke (1877). Aus dem Verlage von B. G. Teubner in Leipzig und Berlin.
  10. Hugh Evelyn-White (1914). himself the title ‘Defender of the Faith’ and it has remained as a title of English monarchs since. Christianity has played an influential role within English politics since the 8th century. The laws of Alfred the Great are prefaced by the Decalogue, the basic ten commandments to which Alfred added a range of laws from the Mosaic code found in the old testament. So, even at this stage there was a strong Judeo-Christian stamp on the law. But it was the close connection between Crown and Church which developed after Henry’s break from Rome that allowed English law to be greatly influenced by Christianity This has led to the situation that now prevails in contemporary England that there is a close interdependency between the norms of Christianity, the law and the constitution. In the coronation oath, the monarch promises to uphold the Christian religion by law established. The Archbishop of Canterbury asks the monarch ‘Will you to the utmost of your power maintain the laws of God, the true profession of the Gospel and the Protestant reformed religion established by law?’ To which the Monarch responds ‘All this I promise to do’. No monarch can take the throne without making the oath. The next section brings together the issue of language, Christianity and law to draw out some of the problems of language. 2.4.1 Sacred texts, English law and the problem of language The sacred texts of the Old Testament and the New Testament collected in the Bible have been translated into numerous languages. Many misunderstandings of texts can be caused by mistranslations. English translations of the Bible are translations of translations. The Aramaic of the original speakers of the Christian message was written in Greek during the first century and from there translated into other languages. The historical Jesus did not, so far as we know, speak to people in Greek; he most likely spoke Aramaic. A few fragments were written in Aramaic, yet the English translations are made from the ‘original’ Greek! The Old Testament was written in Hebrew. However, the English translation is from an ‘original Greek translation’ of the Hebrew. To suggest why the source of translation might matter is also to illustrate the importance of other readings, other interpretations. Other readings and other interpretations are core issues for lawyers: what do these words mean for this situation rather than what do these words mean for ever. To illustrate this point within religion the first phrase in the first sentence from a Christian prayer known as the ‘Our Father’ or ‘The Lord’s Prayer’ will be considered. The English translation found in the ‘King James Version’ from the ‘original’ Greek will be compared to an English translation from an Aramaic version dating from 200 AD. The King James version is authorised by law for use by the Anglican church established by law. The King James Version of the Bible was developed after much bloodshed in the 17th century, and the Aramaic comparison is derived from Douglas Koltz who tried a reconstitution of the Aramaic from the Greek. This latter translation is, therefore, a little suspect as Aramaic is far more open textured than Greek (or indeed English) as will be discovered. However, the exercise provides a useful illustration of the flexibility of language, as well as the manipulation of language users!.
  11. C Oldfather (1989). Diodorus Siculus.
  12. Rudolf Hercher,B Alfred Eberhard,Teubneri (1885). Arrian Indica.
  13. Nitish Jena,P Vethamoni,Thiruvenkatasamy Saraswathi,Senthil Natesan,Doraiswamy Uma,Sneha Garnepudi,P Sujanthiya,Gadha Sreekumar,Sanjay Chetry,Arun Arunachalam (2024). Enhancing germination and seedling quality of Turkey berry (Solanum torvum) through seed dormancy-breaking methods.
  14. Sir James,George Frazer (1921). The Library. Apollodorus.
  15. (2015). The Jataka (Stories Of The Buddhas Former Births.
  16. H William,Race (2009). Argonautica, Apollonius Rhodius.
  17. William Heinemann (1942). Tales of Dionysus: The Dionysiaca of Nonnus of Panopolis. A Group Translation ed. by William Levitan and Stanley Lombardo (review).
  18. Wilfred Schoff (1912). The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.

Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

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How to Cite This Article

D Pugazhendhi. 2021. \u201cTamil Silappathikaram and the Greek Argonautica and Medea – Comparative Literary Mythological Studies on Characterising and the Philosophy of Fate and Chastity\u201d. Global Journal of Human-Social Science - A: Arts & Humanities GJHSS-A Volume 21 (GJHSS Volume 21 Issue A10): .

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Archaeology, Greek Argonautica, mythology, characterization, and philosophy of fate.
Issue Cover
GJHSS Volume 21 Issue A10
Pg. 25- 67
Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJHSS

Print ISSN 0975-587X

e-ISSN 2249-460X

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GJHSS-A Classification: FOR Code: 420220
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v1.2

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August 27, 2021

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Epics Argonautica and Medea were written in the Greek language a nd the epic Silappathikaram was written in the Tamil language. Even though these epics were written in two different languages, both mention the Kingdom of Pandion. More than that, the epics in both these languages exhibit heroism, one in a pair, proficiency of music, extreme affection for husband and the theory of fate and chastity. Above all, they also mention about their foreign trade contacts. The Greek myth mentioned about the lack of clarity in the sorrow happenings and it authorised the house of the God which is not understandable. The Tamil philosophy mentions that according to the action of the individual he or she gets happiness or sorrow. So the reason for the sorrow is not in the hands of the God as in Greek, but with the human being oneself.

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Tamil Silappathikaram and the Greek Argonautica and Medea – Comparative Literary Mythological Studies on Characterising and the Philosophy of Fate and Chastity

Dr. D Pugazhendhi
Dr. D Pugazhendhi

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