The Modified Interfacial Gravity: Unifying CDM, MOG, and MOND

Ding-Yu Chung

The Modified Interfacial Gravity: Unifying CDM, MOG, and MOND

Ding-Yu Chung * §

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§ University of Liverpool

The Modified Interfacial Gravity: Unifying CDM, MOG, and MOND

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Abstract

The paper posits the modified interfacial gravity (MIG) as the modified gravity in the interfacial region between homogeneous baryonic matter region and homogeneous dark matter region. The MIG model contains both dark matter and modified gravity to unify the CDM (Cold Dark Matter) model, MOG (Modified Gravity), and MOND (Modified Newtonian Dynamics). In MIG, the interfacial repulsive Yukawa force in the interfacial region to separate baryonic matter region and dark matter region is equivalent to the repulsive Yukawa force in outer galaxy in MOG.The modified interfacial gravity is interfacial gravity interacting with the interfacial repulsive Yukawa force. The modified interfacial gravity emerges in the interfacial region between dark matter region and baryonic matter region only when the homogeneous surface density is above the critical homogeneous surface density in both dark matter region and baryonic matter region. The critical homogeneous surface density is derived from the acceleration constant a0 from MOND. The four separate regions in the galaxy structure in MIG are the core (inner) baryonic matter galaxy with the Newtonian gravity, the interfacial (outer) baryonic matter galaxy with the modified interfacial gravity, the interfacial (inner) external dark matter halo with the modified interfacial gravity, and the core (outer) external dark matter halo with the Newtonian gravity. Dark matter in the external dark matter halo is cold dark matter without electromagnetism as in CDM. CDM and MIG are identical during the very early universe below the critical homogeneous surface density and before the emergence of the modified interfacial gravity. After the emergence of the modified interfacial gravityby dense giant molecular clouds during the early universe, MOND, MOG, and MIG are identical for baryonic matter galaxy structure. MIG explains galaxy evolution, globular clusters, dwarf galaxy plane, dark matter halo in galaxy cluster, the rotation velocities, and the failure to detect directly dark matter on earth.

References

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Ding-Yu Chung. 2015. "The Modified Interfacial Gravity: Unifying CDM, MOG, and MOND". Global Journal of Science Frontier Research - A: Physics & Space Science GJSFR-A Volume 15 (GJSFR Volume 15 Issue 23 (A3)).

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GJSFR Volume 15 Issue 23 (A3)

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJSFR

Print ISSN 0975-5896

e-ISSN 2249-4626

Keywords

CDM dark matter galaxy evolution modified gravity modified interfacial gravity MOG MOND repulsive Yukawa force unified model

Classification

GJSFR-A Classification FOR Code: 260201

Submission ReceivedApril 18, 2015
Peer Review Double Blind
Handling Editor
Accepted May 15, 2015
Published June 10, 2015

Version of record

v1.2

Issue date

June 10, 2015

Language

English

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Article Matrices

Total Score: 131

Country: United States

Subject: Global Journal of Science Frontier Research - A: Physics & Space Science

Authors: Ding-Yu Chung (PhD/Dr. count: 0)

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