“Tributary Trade” Activity in Diplomatic Relations between Vietnam & China in the Feudal Period

Dr. Nguyen Thi My Hanh Hanh

“Tributary Trade” Activity in Diplomatic Relations between Vietnam & China in the Feudal Period

Dr. Nguyen Thi My Hanh * §

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§ Hanoi National University of Education

“Tributary Trade” Activity in Diplomatic Relations between Vietnam & China in the Feudal Period

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Abstract

In diplomatic relations between Vietnam and China in the feudal period, Tributary activity (which was considered as one of two important contents of diplomatic relations besides investiture beseeching) was not only a method of maintaining pacific political relations but also the orthodox way of establishing trade relations between Vietnam and China. During the feudal period in Viet Nam, the Kings after coming to the throne paid special attention to tributary activity for Chinese emperors. In terms of form, tributary activities were diplomatic rituals and an indispensable means of communication in the relations between “vassal” (Vietnam) and “mother country” (Chinese). However, in fact, the value of tributes and gifts was not small. Broadly, we can divide the tribute and gift system into 2 categories: The first is the tributary materials and items that Vietnam’s King presented to Chinese Emperor; the second is items the ambassadors brought with them. Each part of such tribute system was associated with the ambassadors’ different trade ways at that time. In spite of the fluctuations in diplomatic relations in the field of politics, tributary trade relations between Vietnam and China were heterogeneous but had ups and downs through the historical periods (which were fully proven vividly under the Nguyen dynasty, especially when Vietnam-China relation was influenced or under pressure from the third “factor”- French colonialism), the remarkable achievements of “tributary trade” activities between two countries contributed to maintaining and building a peaceful diplomatic relation between Vietnam and China and laid a necessary foundation for the continuation and development of the Vietnam- China economic relation in the next periods.

References

19 Cites in Article

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Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

How to Cite This Article

Dr. Nguyen Thi My Hanh Nguyen Thi My Hanh. 2026. "“Tributary Trade” Activity in Diplomatic Relations between Vietnam & China in the Feudal Period". Global Journal of Human-Social Science - E: Economics GJHSS-E Volume 15 (GJHSS Volume 15 Issue 46 (E7)).

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GJHSS Volume 15 Issue 46 (E7)

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Journal Specifications

Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/GJHSS

Print ISSN 0975-587X

e-ISSN 2249-460X

Keywords

China diplomacy feudalism trade tributary activity Vietnam

Classification

GJHSS-E Classification FOR Code: 349999

Submission ReceivedJanuary 1, 1970
Peer Review Double Blind
Handling Editor
Accepted August 21, 2015
Published September 7, 2015

Version of record

v1.2

Issue date

September 7, 2015

Language

English

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Subject: Global Journal of Human-Social Science - E: Economics

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