Research
Extent to Which the African Men are Able to Meet Physiological, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem and Self Actualization Needs for Themselves and Family in Daadab Refugee Camp, Garrisa County, Kenya
The intention of this paper was to investigate the extent to which the African men in Dadaab refugee camps are able to meet physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem and self actualization needs for their families. To achieve this, the study sought to find out if the men were able to provide food for their children and if they were able to satisfy their sexual needs. The study further wished to establish if the men moved with their family members to the camp and if they were able to carry out their responsibilities as was expected of them and if they felt respected and fulfilled. Maslow’s (1970) hierarchy of needs theory was used to ground the study. A sample of 192 respondents aged between15 year to 55 years was selected for the study with the majority coming from Somalia while a few came from Ethiopia, Sudan, south Sudan, Congo and Uganda. A paper based questionnaire and focus group discussions were used to collect study data. The major study findings revealed that majority of the men were able to satisfy the physiological needs for their families by providing them with food and meeting their own needs for sex. They expressed concern that their children were sick often. A good majority of the men felt that they were able to provide security and a good home for their family mentioning the restrictions of movement as the only major security concern. A large section of the men felt that they met the need for belongingness well because they lived with their families, were able to get married while in the camp and also lived close to their clan members. With regard to the self esteem need a great majority of the men felt that they carried out their responsibilities the same way they would have carried them out at home. On the other had a section of them felt that the aid agencies had taken over their roles while many of them felt that their wives and children respected the decisions they made. Moderate percentages of the men felt they were rich by cultural standar
Role Overload, Teacher-Pupil-Ratio, School Type, Years of Teaching Experience, Gender and Burn Out as Factors Related to Work Stress among Primary School Teachers in Kasarani Division, Nairobi County, Kenya
The intention of this study was to establish the work related factors that contribute to stress and burn out among primary school teachers in Kasarani. To achieve this, the study sought to investigate the role played by overload in terms of lessons taught per week and class size. The study also explored whether school type (public or private) had any relationship with work stress. In addition the study sought to establish were years of teaching experience, gender and their relationship with work stress. Data were collected from 120 teachers through a paper based questionnaire. Majority of teacher reported work overload (50.83%) against 43.33% who reported mild overload while only 5.84% reported no overload. With regard to burn out, a high percentage of teachers 61.67 reported to have experienced burn out while 35.00% reported mild burn out and only 3.33% reported no burn out. Analysis of variance revealed statistical significance between role overload and burn out. The findings further revealed that teachers in public schools experienced higher work stress than their counterparts in the private secondary schools. Neither length of service nor gender was found to contribute to work stress. The study recommended that the ministry of education structures the teachers’ job to make it more manageable by reducing class size and work load. This can be achieved though building additional classrooms and employing more teachers. The school administration should ensure put structures that give teachers support like employing teacher assistants to do a lot of the clerical work that teachers do. In addition the study recommended that teachers be trained how to cope with work related stress through application of time management skills, efficient communication of their needs and feelings. Lastly, the study recommended that teachers should be encouraged to seek for support from school administration and family.
