Research
Prevalence of Bovine Fasciolosis and Economic Importance in Wulnchit Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and economic importance of fasciolosis slaughtered at Wulnchit Municipal Abattoir from November, 2011 and April, 2012. A total of 500 livers from cattle selected were examined with systematic random sampling for the presence of liver fluke. Of 500 examined cattle, 171 (34.23%) livers were infected with Fasciola. Both species of Fasciola were identified during the study. These are Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) and Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica). From 171 livers F. hepatica were 120 (70.17%), F. gigantica 30 (17.54%) livers, while mixed infection with both was 11 (6.4 %) animals and 10 (5.8%) cattle were infected with unidentified immature liver flukes. F. hepatica was found to be the predominant fasciola species causing bovine fasciolsis in the study areas. Statistically significant variation was observed in the prevalence of fasciolosis among animals with medium (50%) and good (32.9%) body conditions (P<0.05) and animal origin. The economic significance of bovine fasciolosis was also assessed from condemned liver and carcass weight loss. Thus based on the retail value of bovine liver and 1kg of beef the total annual economic loss from fasciolosis during the study time was estimated to be 4, 522,550,000 ETB.
Evaluation of Anti Bacterial Activity of Fresh Plant Extracts on Salmonella, Shigella and E.coli
The study conducted to investigate significant anti bacterial activity of egarlic (Alliums sativum L.) peach leave (prunus persica L) and root of ginger (zingiber officinale L) extract to bacteria like salmonella, shigella and E.coli. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of fresh botanicals extracts. Fresh botanical plant parts such as leave of prunus persica, root of zingiber officinale L and edible part Alliums sativum L were used for the investigation and fresh parts of plants were crushed by mortar and pestle to extract aqueous. Botanical extract that selected for this study had significantly inhibit for the formation colonies of bacteria spp such as Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysentery and Escherichia coli. All Treatments of the present study had showed high toxicity or inhibition of bacteria spp. Colonies when compared with negative treatment. Some aqueous extractions had no significance difference for inhibition of colonies when contrast with positive control (Ampicillin). Among treatments there was high significance difference (p<0.001) of capability of toxicity against bacteria cells. Finally, Escherichia coli spp had best resistance to extraction when compared with other bacteria spp. They were involved in the present investigation. In contrary, Shigella dysentery was more susceptible to the extraction.
