Research
Determinants of Under-Five Childhood Diarrhea in Kotebe Health Center, Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study
Background: It is a fact that diarrheal diseases caused major public health problem in children under-five years of age, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based unmatched case-control study design was conducted. A case in this study was a child under-five years of age visited Kotebe health center for treatment and a control was a child under-five years of age without diarrhea that came to the center for vaccination and treatment of other cases. A face-to-face interview based on a pre-tested, structured questionnaire was conducted with mothers/ caretakers with trained nurses. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables, calculating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set at α ≤ 0.05. Multivariable analyses were applied to identify the relative effect of explanatory variables on the dependent variable. Result: A total of 350 study subjects, including 117 cases and 233 controls, were recruited into the study. The study revealed that some factors remained independently associated with the risk of diarrhea, namely age of the children AOR (95%CI); 4.22 (1.36-13.14), maternal education AOR (95%CI); 0.33 (0.16-0.65), supplementary feeding commencing time AOR (95%CI); 0.30 (0.09-0.95) and hand washing after cleaning child bottom AOR (95%CI); 0.59 (0.35-0.99) with p-value ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: From this study, associated factors of diarrhea were identified. The finding is important for health intervention and supports the view that investing in girls’ education has substantial benefits on child health
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of the Community towards Malaria Prevention and Control Options in Anti-Malaria Association Intervention Zones of Amahara National Regional State, Ethiopia
Chromatographic System Chromatography was performed with a high performance liquid chromatography. The HPLC system was consisted of Shimadzu SCL-10A system controller, UV visible SPD-10AV detector and LC-10AT pump with FUC-10AL VP flow controller wall. Separation was achieved at ambient temperature with Hypersil C18 BDS 250x4.6 column pore size of 5 micron. Chromatographic data was collected and analyzed using CSW32 software. Chromatographic conditions Quantitative analysis of allopurinol was achieved by using an isocratic mode. UV detector was use for the detection of allopurinol. Hypercil C18 BDS 250*4.6 column was used. Flow rate was maintain at 1ml/min with 20 min run time. Preparation of mobile phase The mobile phase was prepared by dissolving 2.72 g NaCH3COO·3H2O in 3000mL distilled water and correcting the pH to 4.5 with acetic acid 30%. The mobile phase was filtered and degassed before use. The mobile phase was filtered in vacuum filtration assembly having cellulose filter which have pore size 0. 45um (Sartorius company ). Filterd mobile phase was solicited for the removal of bubbles for 10 minutes. (eyela sonicator )improve the community knowledge, attitude and practice towards malaria prevention and control options.
