Research
Religions as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in Ludwig Feuerbach
Transitioning from Natural Conservationism to Sustainable Development: A Shift in Environmental Policy
Contrasting the conservationist bias of environmental balance with that of sustainable development, the author distinguishes the influence of both in the current formulation of environmental policies, including trends, respectively, more regulatory or redistributive as public policies. In this sense, it highlights the global need to overcome natural conservationism, a remnant of the 19th century and whose obsession with the untouchability of nature does not admit the synergies between nature and humanity, fundamental to promoting sustainability. Which, if assumed as a progressive ideology, it transcends the left-right differentiation, implying broad coalitions, both political and socioeconomic, so that we become socially ecological.
The Right to Difference: Identity and Self-Expression in Contemporary Citizenship
This paper examines how contemporary citizenship is increasingly shaped by diverse personal identities and their public expression. Assuming that contemporary innovations (LGBTQIAPN+ aggregations, the expansion of abortion for women and assistance for consensual individual deaths, studies into differentiated human conditions – objective and subjective – ethnic-racial emergencies – traditional or not – and care for specific corporealities) have unprecedentedly taken on human differences as citizenship rights, the author defends the thesis that the emerging network society stems from a contemporary tendency towards generalized competition for intimate self-exposure. By applying the concept of Agonistic Gift (Marcel Mauss), which referred to competitions between donors of works or activities, it is arguable that contemporaneity is a diversifying sociability because intimacy has become the object of competitive generosity. In order to explore this point, the author inductively selected and analyzed an interview with digital influencer Giovanna Titanero, who was selected because her followers adopt several different or even opposing lifestyles, to discuss the exponential contemporary social plurality and, by recovering the notion of community diversity (Ludwig Feuerbach), concludes that parliamentary self-reforms can make democracies representative of emerging human and cultural diversity.
From Nations to the European Union: A New Emerging Type of Society
Revisiting the sociological concepts of nation and reciprocities formulated by Marcel Mauss, the hypothesis of the European Union is put forward as a new type of society in which each member is integrated by the multiple differences in and between themselves, unlike nations whose homogenizing tendency comes from direct reciprocity between each member and the entire society. In this sense, supranational unions would result in communities that are both originally and intentionally diverse, while such international relations of indirect reciprocities within their scope would make national citizenships permeable to human diversity (mainly cultural) in general. Therefore, the current unification of European nations is a case whose study can foresee problems and possibilities of such unions to be undertaken in other planetary quadrants.
Ludwig Feuerbach – Philosophical Pioneer of Contemporaneity
To contribute towards the current revival of the philosophical thought of Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach (1804- 1872) with his pioneering exposition of various contemporary issues (Individual Differences, Statue of Democracy and Sciences, Sustainable Development, Dietetics, Gymnastics, Unconscious Desires, Intercultural Dialogues, and others). The author applies Feuerbach's own organic or critical-genetic method, in which phenomena are understood through their origins, to grasp Feuerbachian insights. His Philosophy is examined through his concept of self-objectification (among his fundamental concepts) as the guiding principle of Feuerbach's formulations, both as a result of explicitly pantheistic, naturalistic and republican influences, and as a conceptual basis for transcending them as they evolved, philosophically, Italian philosophical pantheism through its genetic-critical methodology, Western scientific naturalism through its postulation of technological alliances with inhuman nature, and European democratic republicanism through its prediction of the institutional conditions for a future human community.
National Identitarian Politics A Comparative Analysis of Putin Trump Orbán and Bolsonaros Reactionary Agendas
The paper politically characterizes the contemporary Far-right as a reactionary tendency, namely nationalidentitarian, by comparing the government policies of four ultra-conservative leaders: Putin (Russia), Trump (USA), Orbán (Hungary) and Bolsonaro (Brazil), who were selected for their governmental roles as leaders of this ideological bloc on four different continents. The comparative analysis relates government rhetoric and government measures in order to delineate their political strategy of gradually authoritarian reconversion of democracies to make them insensible to individuals and groups that differ from their conservative normative ideal, respectively characterized as: neo-Eurasian, (Russian), neo-nativist (American), neo-crusader (Hungarian) and violent social eugenism (Brazilian), by the author. From this perspective, the democratic response, as an alternative to the authoritarian involutions implemented, would consist of public policies that combine traditional and intentional differences (individual and social), including eventual evolutionary reforms of parliamentary representation to make it more permeable to them, in order to better harmonize the daily coexistence of different ways of life.
