Research
The Association between Breast Cancer and Alcohol Consumption: Review Articles
About 10% of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime; however in majority of cases the underlying cause is unknown. Across the globe, breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women; the risk factors for breast cancer include older maternal age at birth of first child, earlier onset of menses, later age at menopause, increased mammographic density and the presence of specific genetic alterations (Beasley et al, 2010). Both alcohol and tobacco have significant causal roles in numbers of cancers including breast cancer (Kristan, 2003). A prospective follow-up clinical study that tracked 1.3 million women over 7.3 years demonstrated that among women who reported recent alcohol consumption, a 12% elevation in breast cancer risk was observed for each additional drink (Beasley et al, 2010). Notwithstanding studies such as those cited above the impact of smaller amounts of drinking is not documented well. Information on drinking styles, such as regular drinking and heavy episodic drinking, aka binge drinking, is also deficient. Also, it is important to assess the role of alcohol intake at different times in a woman’s life (Chen et al, 2011). Consumption of alcohol could be a modifiable risk factor which could reduce the cancer burden among women in the Western world. (Tjønneland et al, 2007).
Religion as a Resilience Tool to Manage Stress in Adolescents: Islamic Approach
Religions, including Islam, send a consistent message to the believers that the ultimate goal is to guarantee happiness and tranquility. The main strategy for that is through offering a spiritual sanctuary from all kinds of adversities. Using the inner strengths and having a pure soul and a strong relationship with the ultimate power, God, are the cornerstone for that approach. Adolescence is a vital phase of our lives, where many challenges are expected and potential consequences have be faced. Islam acknowledges the interior power that exists in young people, which can be exercised to have a calm mind, healthy consciousness, and positive thought. This study proposes using religion, Islam, as a resilience tool to underpin young people to cope with their hardships.
Impacts of Asthma-Obesity Associations on Childrens Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activities
Background: This study was developed to explore the relationship between asthma and obesity and the impact of that association on children’s physical activities. Potential age and gender differences in the association between asthma, obesity, and activity were also examined. Methods: Children were recruited from outpatient physician clinics to participate in a cross-sectional study. Child body mass index percentile and asthma severity were clinically assessed. Children’s physical activity was assessed through parent report and assigned appropriate metabolic equivalent task (MET) scores. Results: 75 children participated in the study. Regardless of their asthmatic and weight statuses, boys and girls significantly differed based on their average MET scores (p = .007), respectively. Younger, mildly asthmatic children had significantly higher MET scores than older, mildly asthmatics (p<.05); younger, severe asthmatics had moderately higher average MET scores than older, severe asthmatics (p <.05). Conclusion: Young asthmatic children and boys overall are more physically active than the older, asthmatic children and girls overall, respectively.
