Software System Model Correctness using Graph Theory: A Review

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Kruti P. Shah
Kruti P. Shah
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Emanuel S. Grant
Emanuel S. Grant

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The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the de facto standard for object-oriented software model development. The UML class diagram plays an essential role in design and specification of software systems. The purpose of a class diagram is to display classes with their attributes and methods, hierarchy (generalization) class relationships, and associations (general, aggregation, and composition) between classes in one model. A model designing process can include a large number of designers. An issue with this is that the models created may be incorrectly designed. Moreover, there are many concepts in the UML that give rise to potential conflicts, uncertainty, and ambiguity. This paper evaluates the concept of software system model correctness. In this paper,a systematic literature review is conducted to examine how researchers identify problems related to software system model correctness. There are seven papers included in the literature review which cover different approaches for handling model correctness in software systems. The results of this review indicate that UML model correctness is a highly active area of research. There are already some valuable contributions in this direction. However, there are many concepts in the UML with imprecise semantics, which limit the use of the UML and reduce the quality of the UML models. This paper is concluded by providing some directions to identify and prove the mathematical equivalence of the UML class diagram models using standard graph theorems.

Funding

No external funding was declared for this work.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

No ethics committee approval was required for this article type.

Data Availability

Not applicable for this article.

Kruti P. Shah. 2026. \u201cSoftware System Model Correctness using Graph Theory: A Review\u201d. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology - H: Information & Technology GJCST-H Volume 23 (GJCST Volume 23 Issue H1): .

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GJCST Volume 23 Issue H1
Pg. 25- 31
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Crossref Journal DOI 10.17406/gjcst

Print ISSN 0975-4350

e-ISSN 0975-4172

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GJCST-H Classification: FOR Code: 090699
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v1.2

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April 25, 2023

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English

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The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the de facto standard for object-oriented software model development. The UML class diagram plays an essential role in design and specification of software systems. The purpose of a class diagram is to display classes with their attributes and methods, hierarchy (generalization) class relationships, and associations (general, aggregation, and composition) between classes in one model. A model designing process can include a large number of designers. An issue with this is that the models created may be incorrectly designed. Moreover, there are many concepts in the UML that give rise to potential conflicts, uncertainty, and ambiguity. This paper evaluates the concept of software system model correctness. In this paper,a systematic literature review is conducted to examine how researchers identify problems related to software system model correctness. There are seven papers included in the literature review which cover different approaches for handling model correctness in software systems. The results of this review indicate that UML model correctness is a highly active area of research. There are already some valuable contributions in this direction. However, there are many concepts in the UML with imprecise semantics, which limit the use of the UML and reduce the quality of the UML models. This paper is concluded by providing some directions to identify and prove the mathematical equivalence of the UML class diagram models using standard graph theorems.

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Software System Model Correctness using Graph Theory: A Review

Kruti P. Shah
Kruti P. Shah
Emanuel S. Grant
Emanuel S. Grant

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