Research
Modifications and Optimization of an Autologous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Rat Model
Objective: To date, no novel drug therapies have proven effective in improving outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This has been slowed, in part, by a lack of reliable preclinical models that recapitulate the pathophysiological consequences of ICH. Limited descriptions of the methodology of preclinical models may play a role in this failed translation. The current study aimed to improve the autologous blood injection model of ICH and provide a comprehensive methodology to facilitate a reliable preclinical model that bridges the translational research gap. Methods: A modified single-injection protocol for an autologous-blood ICH model was developed and tested. This rodent ICH model produces injury in the basal ganglia of adult rats via a stereotaxically-assisted right-sided single-injection of fresh autologous whole blood.
Performing the Garcia score for accuracy and reliability
Reliable, sensitive, and accurate tests are needed to assess animal models of brain injury. The Garcia score is a neurobehavioral measure that has been used in many murine studies. However, despite its widespread use, there are no detailed video descriptions of the steps to properly perform and grade the Garcia test on rats. Consequently, there has been significant variation in its performance and reliability, calling for greater standardization. The Garcia score is comprised of six measures: spontaneous activity, symmetry in the four limbs, forepaw outstretching, climbing, body sensation, and response to vibrissae touch. Each component is scored with a minimum of zero or one and a maximum of three, with the highest total score of 18. This report systematically and clearly describes how each component of the Garcia score is performed and graded with an accompanying video illustration.
