In this communucations, the concept of semirelib cutvertex graph of a planar graph is introduced. We presen a characterization of those graphs whose semirelib cutvertex graphs are planar, outer planar, eulerian, hamiltonian with crossing number one.
In this paper an attempt is made to understand the basic unified concepts of gravity, electromagnetism, nuclear charge radius, cosmic geometry; cosmic mass density, cosmic thermal energy density and cosmic red shift. The four key assumptions are : 1) Planck’s constant increases with cosmic time. 2) Being a primordial evolving black hole and angular velocity being Ht universe is always rotating with light, speed. 3) Atomic gravitational constant is squared Avogadro number times the classical gravitational constant and 4) Avogadro number is discrete and hence the atomic gravitational constant is discrete. This may be the root cause of discrete nature of revolving electron’s potential energy. Finally it can be suggested that current cosmological changes may be reflected in any existing atom.
With the help of the modified four-particle cluster model Hamiltonian [GJSFR, 10, 18(2010)], the theoretical expressions for the relaxation rate of polarization fluctuation have been evaluated and discussed for the KH2PO4 (KDP)- type crystals by using the double-time thermal dependent retarded Green’s functions techniques and Dyson’s equation treatment. The correlations appearing in the dynamic equation have been evaluated using double-time thermal dependent retarded Green’s functions techniques and Dyson’s equation treatment. Without any decoupling the higher order correlations have been evaluated using the renormalized Hamiltonian. By fitting model values in the theoretical expressions, temperature dependence of relaxation rate is calculated for the KH2PO4 (KDP)-type crystals. Theoretical results are compared with experimental result of Garland and Novotny [1969 Phys Rev. 177 971]. A good agreement has been found.
Study of noise pollution during pre-carnival, carnival and post-carnival periods in Calabar Municipality has shown that the municipality is always highly polluted with noise from vehicles, facilities of transportation, drumming, trumpeting, shouts, knock-outs, firecrackers etc. during the carnival festival. Noise levels as high as 77.4 to 102.2 dB(A) which far exceed the 60 to 65dB(A) permissible out-door level have been recorded. Average noise levels of 94.9 dB(A) in the morning, 84.0 dB(A) in the afternoon and 96.1 dB(A) in the evening were obtained during the carnival period while 80.8, 75.9 and 83.1dB(A) , 80.7, 75.7 and 82.1dB(A) were average levels for morning, afternoon and evening of pre and post carnivals respectively. The lowest noise levels were in the afternoons when comparing these three investigating periods, 70.7 dB(A) at site 6 in pre-carnival, 77.4 dB(A) at site 10 in carnival and 70.5 dB(A) at site 6 at post-carnival and the number of vehicular and other human activities during the day time reduce tremendously. The citizenry who are made up of the youth, middle aged and the old stand the risk of endangering their health physically, psychologically or socially due to noise generated during this festival. The organisers of this festival are therefore advised not to look at the merriment and income generation aspect of this festival only but should also consider the damaging effect of noise on the well being of the people which includes temporary or permanent hearing loss. Alternative ways of organising the festival without excessive noise in the municipality should be sought for.
Daily wind speed and directions obtained using wind vane and anemometer for a period of ten years (1995- 2004) were acquired from meteorological station located at longitude 07 o 41′ E and latitude 11o08′ W, altitude of 686 m in Nigerian college of aviation technolog Zaria. The readings were usually taken twice in a day, at 10.00 am and at 4.00 pm. The results showed a relative dominance of N-E. With 7251 direction counts recorded throughout the years N-E windhas3317 direction counts representing 45.75%, S-W 33.4%, N-W, 11.75% S-E 7.94% E, 0.68%; W, 0.30% S, 0.08% and N, 0.07%. The maximum wind speed of 3 m/s was obtained at a height of 10 m above the earth surface. There is an evidence of speed increase with height above the earth surface. The average extractable wind power per unit area wasnot less than 9 w/m2 in the area . It was also observed that dry season (N-E wind period), normally runs from the month of November to February whereas the rainy season (S-W wind period), and runs from the month of May to September.
Abstract - Among other atmospheric factors, relative humidity of the air plays an important role in the drying by solar radiation. The effect of relative humidity over oven temperature was investigated in this work. This study reveals that is a relationship between relative humidity and temperature.From the work done it has been found out that the higher the temperature the lower the relative humidity and hence the faster the drying rate of the material. It was also observed that the time, at which the maximum temperature was obtained, the relative humidity was minimum. Throughout the period of the research the oven temperature was higher than the ambient temperature while the ambient relative humidity is higher than the oven relative humidity.
The effect of additives (Cd and Ge) on a.c conductivity and dielectric properties of Se70Te30 glassy alloy at temperature range 300 K-350 K and frequency range 1 KHz-5 MHz has been studied. Experimental results indicate that the a.c conductivity and dielectric parameters are temperature, frequency and impurity dependent. The a.c conductivity in the aforesaid frequency range is found to obey the ωs law. A strong dependence of a.c conductivity and exponent s in the entire temperature and frequency range contradicts quantum-mechanical tunneling (QMT) model and can be interpreted in terms of the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model .The temperature and frequency dependence of the dielectric parameters are also studied and results agrees by the theory of hopping of charge carriers over potential barrier as suggested by Elliott in chalcogenide glasses. The variation of above mentioned properties with Cd and Ge are also investigated and results are explained in terms of lone pair configuration and covalent bond character of the studied compositions.
Ethics and morals are seen as personal view points. No minding the viewpoint, south ethical and moral values are very relevant in the banking industry. Ethics consist of certain rules and standards of conduct recognised as binding in a professional body, association or organisation, which is binding in the members. This paper discusses the relevant functions of commercial banks, and the ethical challenges in the performance of these functions. It evaluates the current ethical challenges in the banking industry, discusses the roles various regulatory agencies, have to play, in the adherence to ethical values, and advances solutions that will combat the aforementioned ethical and unethical challenges for the commercial banks to survive, ethical and moral values must be respected and adhered to, and sanctions meted out to erring individuals, that disobey the rules. This paper is descriptive in nature as it examines, the ethical issues, challenges and recommendations involved in ethical practices by commercial bankers in Nigeria. It proffers far reaching solutions to these ethical/unprofessional challenges in the commercial banking sector in Nigeria.
This paper represents the most effective automatic power factor improvement by using static capacitors which will be controlled by a Microcontroller with very low cost although many existing systems are present which are expensive and difficult to manufacture. In this study, many small rating capacitors are connected in parallel and a reference power factor is set as standard value into the microcontroller IC. Suitable number of static capacitors is automatically connected according to the instruction of the microcontroller to improve the power factor close to unity. Some tricks such as using resistors instead of potential transformer and using one of the most low cost microcontroller IC (ATmega8) which also reduce programming complexity that make it most economical system than any other controlling system.
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