Research
Bilateral Macular Edema Complicating Severe Pre-Eclampsia
Preeclampsia, is a general syndrome that affects 5% of pregnant women, typically in the last trimester of pregnancy. It is characterized by arterial hypertension associated with proteinuria. A 25-year-old patient, with no notable pathological history, hospitalized for eclampsia and loss of visual acuity. Fundus examination shows diffuse narrowing of the arteries in both eyes, serous retinal detachment with macular retinal folds and stage 1 papilledema. OCT mapping shows retinal disorganization in both eyes inter-papillo-macular with cystoid macular edema, macular thickening and presence of a DSR. At 1 month postpartum, visual acuity was 9/10 in the right eye and 8/10 in the left eye with drying of the macular edema and serous detachment and disappearance of the papilledema.
Ophtalmologic Cystinosis
Cystinosis is a very rare lysosomal, autosomal recessive disease (1/200,000 births) caused by a mutation in the CTNS gene (Chz 17) encoding a protein called cystinosine. The intralysosomal accumulation of cystine induces the formation of insoluble crystals responsible for progressive multiple organ failure. Cystinous nephropathy is manifested by failure to thrive, Fanconi syndrome, damage to the renal glomerulus and manifestations affecting other organs appearing as early as 6 to 12 months of life. The specific treatment for cystinosis is cysteamine. The management is multidisciplinary. We report the case of a boy, a ged 6 years, followed for cystinosis diagnosed at the age of 18 months with polyuropolydipsic syndrome. The patient has been treated with oral cysteamine (Cystagon) since the age of 2 years.
Epicapsular Stars : A Rare Entity
An 18-year-old female presented to the ophthalmology clinic for allergic conjunctivitis with a 20/20 best-corrected visual acuity. Slit-lamp examination of her left eye revealed, fortuitously, multiple tiny, stellate-shaped, pigment deposits on the anterior lens capsule suggestive of Epicapsular stars. These pigmentations were clustered in an exceptional shape reminiscent of the letters "J" and "Y" Epicapsular stars result from incomplete apoptosis of the anterior portion of ‘’tunica vasculosa lentis’’. They could affect one or both eyes, be isolated or clustered, and are usually asymptomatic like in our case. Consequently, our patient didn’t need any treatment but has still followed up regularly.
