Research
Comparative Study of Intralesional Dexamethasone, Hyaluronidase and Oral Pentoxifylline in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Back ground : Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is characterized by excessive production of collagen leading to inelasticity of the oral mucosa and atrophic changes of the epithelium. Aim : Aim of the study is to clinically evaluate the efficacy of oral Pentoxifylline 400 mg tablets in comparison to intralesional injections of Dexamethasone (4mg/ml) and Hyaluronidase 1500 IU and 0.5 ml of Lignocaine 2% in the management of OSF patients. Methodology : The study population consisted of 40 male patients with OSF. Patients were divided into two groups. 20 patients are in pentoxifylline group and 20 patients in Dexamethasone group. Pentoxifylline Group received oral Pentoxifylline 400 mg tablets twice daily for first 4 weeks and thrice daily for next 8 weeks. Dexamethasone Group received biweekly intralesional injections of Dexamethasone (4mg/ml), Hyaluronidase 1500 IU and 0.5 ml of Lignocaine 2% for a period of 12 weeks. Parameters taken in the study were burning sensation, mouth opening, tongue protrusion and cheek flexibility.
Exploring Medicinal Plants for Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity
Helicobacter pylori isa class 1 carcinogen that requires targeted therapeutic strategy. A number of drugs including proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics and antiprotozoals are available for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections like chronic gastric irritation, gastro duodenal ulcers and low grade gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Clinical evaluation of these drugs has shown the incidence of relapses, side effects and drug interactions. Multi drug resistance to Helicobacter pylori has been the main reason for treatment failure. This has been the rationale for the development of new anti- Helicobacter pylori drugs and search for novel molecules has been extended to medicinal herbs that offer better protection, decreased relapse and undevelopment of resistance towards bacteria. The present article reviews the medicinal herbs from global perspective for their anti- Helicobacter pylori activity and active compounds from the plants responsible for this activity. We have highlighted some of the important plants and their active constituents reported for their anti- Helicobacter pylori activity. Ancient system of medicine (Ayurvedic and Unani) supported by modern science is necessary to isolate, characterize and standardize the active constituents from herbal sources for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.
Hepatoprotective Activity Of Phyllanthus Amarus Seeds Extracts In CCL4 Treated Rats: In Vitro & In Vivo
Aim - To study the hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthus amarus seeds extracts in CCl4 treated rats. Methods - The crushed and dried seeds of Phyllanthus amarus were divided into two parts; one part was extracted successively with petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform and finally with methanol by soxhlet apparatus and concentrated by rotary vacuum. The other part is extracted by cold maceration process for aqueous extraction. The extracts were used for In-vitro and In-vivo studies to analyze the reparative activity of liver injury due to CCl4 in rats. Results - In-vitro models like Reducing power, Superoxide anion scavenging activity, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity were carried out with methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus seeds for its antioxidant properties. A protective activity could be demonstrated in the CCl4 induced liver damage in rats. In-vivo methanolic and aqueous extracts of the seeds of Phyllanthus amarus 250mg/kg were found to have protective properties in rats with CCl4 induced liver damage as judged from serum biochemical enzyme marker activities and histopathological studies..
Evaluation of total phenolic contents and antiulcerogenic activity of root bark of Azadirachta indica
The effect of methanol extract of root bark of Azadirachta indica was investigated in mice to evaluate the antiulcerogenic activity. Total phenolics were also determined. The root barks of have been extracted by Azadirachta indica successive solvent extraction method. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis and total phenolics were also determined by the modified Folin-Ciocalteu method. The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer activity were volume of gastric secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity, and ulcer index and % ulcer protection. The results indicated that the methanol extract significantly (p< 0.001) decreases volume of gastric acid secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index and shows significant ulcer protection compared to standard control. Root bark extracts found to possess significant amount of phenolics and other biologically active constituents based on phytochemical evaluation and shows significant antiulcerogenic activity. Keywords : Azadirachta indica, Root bark,
Curative Effect of Extracts of Sapindus Mukorossi and Rheum Emodi In CCL4 Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Male Rats
Aim : To study the curative effect of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi extracts in CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis in male rats. Methods : The dried powder of S. mukorossi & R. emodi was extracted successively with petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform and ethanol and concentrated in vacuum. The curative effect of the extracts of the fruit pericarp of S. mukorossi and rhizomes of R. emodi was studied using CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis in male rats. Biochemical parameters including serum transaminases [aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum were analyzed. The biochemical findings were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. Results: Extracts of the fruit pericarp of S. mukorossi (2.5mg/mL) and rhizomes of R. emodi (3.0 mg/mL) protected the rats from CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis as judged from histopathological evidences and serum marker enzyme activities. Conclusion: We can conclude from this study, that the extracts’ of S. mukorossi and R. emodi can cure the CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis in male rats.
Regenerative Effect of rat Embryonic Stem Cells against CCl4 Induced liver Damage in Wister rats
Aim : To conduct the study on regenerative effect of rat undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in rats and determine their ability to differentiate into hepatocytes in the liver. Methods : Liver injury was produced by administration of CCl4 mixed with liquid paraffin. Liver injury induced by administration of CCl4, 0.5 mL /kg body weight, was injected into the peritoneum of rat twice a week for 2 weeks. Control animals received an equal volume of liquid paraffin. The dose of Embryonic Stem (ES) cells for the treatment damaged liver of rats was calculated according to the cell viability count and suspension was administered through intraperitonial route, 1 x 105 undifferentiated ES cells (0.1 mL of 1 x 106cells/mL solution),genetically labeled with GFP, were transplanted into the spleens 1 d after the second injection.
