Research
Depression and Religiosity as Correlates of Quality of Life in Senior Citizens
The present study explored the relationship between depression, religiosity and quality of life in senior citizens. The sample comprised of 400 senior citizens (above 60 years) with equal number of educated males and females (200 each). The analysis revealed that in females’ sample, depression explained the maximum variance of 21% followed by religiosity explained 4% in quality of life. In all, these variables have accounted for 25% of total variance whereas; in males’ sample only depression emerged in a significant predictor that explained 8% of variance. Further, t test has revealed the superiority of males in quality of life and female’s superiority on depression, and religiosity.
Social Support and Sex Role Orientation as Predictors of Quality of Life in Senior Citizens
The present study was aimed to explore the relationship of social support and sex role orientation with quality of life in senior citizens. The sample comprised of 400 senior citizens with equal number of educated males and females (200 each). The analysis revealed that for the male’s sample, social support explained the maximum variance (5%) followed by femininity (4%) in quality of life. In all, these variables have accounted for 9% of the variance. In female’s sample, only social support has contributed (5%) of variance. Further, t-test has revealed the superiority of males in masculinity, femininity and quality of life and female’s superiority on social support.
Achievement Motivation among Executives and Technocrats
The present study aims to explain the significance of difference on achievement motivation between executives and technocrats. The sample comprised of 200 executives and 200 technocrats with equal number of both the genders, within the age range of 25-40 years. Data were gathered by using achievement motivation scale by Deo Mohan (1985). Findings indicated significant differences between executives and technocrats and males and females on achievement motivation. Results revealed that executives who are the planners of the organization are high on achievement motivation as compared to technocrats. Regarding gender, females showed more motive to achieve as compared to males. The importance of the current study lies in the fact that who is richer in n-Ach helping in subjective well being?.
Display of Counter Productive Work Behaviour in Relation to Person-Organization Fit
The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between counterproductive work behaviour (CWB) and person-organization fit (P-O Fit) within the context of manufacturing industry situated in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh. The sample comprised 300 employees of production department (150 male and 150 female respondents). The analysis revealed that for the total sample, Interpersonal Similarities (12%) and unique roles (4%) have contributed 16% of variance in totality for Organizational-Counterproductive Work Behaviour and for Interpersonal-Counterproductive Work Behaviour, Unique Roles (4%) and Value Congruence (2%) contributed for 6% variance in totality. In Males sample, Unique Roles explained maximum variance (12%) followed by Need Supplies (5%) and Interpersonal Similarities (3%) for Organizational-Counterproductive Work Behaviour. For Interpersonal-CWB only Unique Roles have turned out to be a significant predictor which accounted for 5% of variance. In Females sample, Interpersonal Similarities explained maximum variance (16%) followed by Demand Abilities (4%) in total these predictors accounted for 20% variance for Organizational-Counterproductive Work Behaviour. For Interpersonal-Counterproductive Work Behaviour Demand Abilities have explained the maximum variance (8%) followed by Need Supplies (4%). The results have shown the commonness of one variable viz. Interpersonal Similarities in predicting Organizational-Counterproductive Work Behaviour of both the genders. Further, t-test revealed no significant difference between males and females on the variables of Value Congruence, Need Supplies, Demand Abilities, Interpersonal Similarity, Unique Roles, Organizational and Interpersonal-Counterproductive Work Behaviour.
Educational Stress in Adolescents: Chanting Mantras as a Powerful Coping Strategy
Educational Stress is a problem for many adolescents in our society posing serious threat to significant mental problems and poor performance. Using a repeated measure design, the participants’ educational stress and impact of chanting mantras was explored. An ANOVA of the order of 2x2x(2) with repeated measure was employed in the present research to gauge the effect of chanting mantras if any between the control group and the experimental group in the two genders from pre to post test on different domains of educational stress. The sample consisted of 200 adolescents (100 males, 100 females) from senior secondary schools of Shimla district of H.P. between the ages of 14 to 17 years and was administered the educational stress scale (Sun, Dunne, Hou & Xu, 2011). The criterion of ð‘¿ð‘¿+1/2SD was employed for selecting the adolescents higher on educational stress.The main findings are: 1) The main effects of group and treatment have turned out to be significant at .01 level; 2) the interaction effects of treatment x group and treatment x gender have also yielded significant F ratios thereby revealing the significant impact of chanting mantras in combating the stress of the adolescents.
Monitoring Aggression in Adolescents: Yoga as I Panacea
An Anova of the order of 2x2x(2) with repeated measure was employed in the present research to gauge the effect of yogic exercises if any between the control group and the experimental group in the two genders from pre to post test on different types of aggression. This investigation used a complete package of multiple counselling techniques to normalize aggression. The sample consisted of 100 school students (50 males, 50 females) from Shimla district of H.P. between the ages of 14 to 17 years. the main findings are: 1) The main effects of group, gender and treatment have turned out to be significant at .05 and .01 levels; 2) the interaction effects of treatment x group and treatment x gender have also yielded significant F ratios thereby revealing the significant impact of interventions in monitoring the aggression.
Chronic Ill Effects of Air Pollution in Children: Neurological Derailment
Exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants produces inflammation in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Because the nasal cavity is a common portal of entry, respiratory and olfactory epithelia are vulnerable targets for toxicological damage. The brain is a target for several environmental substances that may or may not be primarily airborne. Neurodevelopment and neuro-behaviour largely reflect brain development and its chemically induced modification, with resulting delays or deficits in development. It is generally believed that the developing brain is a particularly vulnerable target for chemical insult, and that such insult may have long lasting or even irreversible developmental consequences. Environmental exposures in uterus and during early life may permanently change the body’s structure, physiology and metabolism, and lead to diseases in adult life. Infants are particularly vulnerable because of their rapid growth and cell differentiation, immaturity of metabolic pathways and development of vital organ systems. The central nervous system has unprotected barriers and a broad time window of conformation, leading to a long period of vulnerability in the developmental process and to susceptibility to any environmental insult leading to neurological diseases.
Tobacco Abuse in Adolescents: The Role of Psychosocial Factors
The present investigation was done to examine the role of anxiety, stress, family conflict and family control in the determination of adolescents smoking. For accomplishing these objectives, a sample of 240 students studying in different schools from two districts of Himachal Pradesh (Shimla and Solan) was taken. The age range of the sample was 14-19 years. 2x2x2 factorial design was used to study the significance of difference between groups (smokers and nonsmokers), schools (public and private) and gender (males and females) on anxiety, stress, family conflict and family control. Results revealed that smokers irrespective of gender and type of school were significantly higher on anxiety, stress, family conflict and family control. Further, on family control the interaction effects of group or school and gender or school have been found to be significant
